The aortic sac or aortic bulb[1] is a dilated structure in mammalian embryos, lined by endothelial cells and is the most distal part of the truncus arteriosus.[2] It is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches arise (and eventually the dorsal aortae) and is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates. The aortic sac eventually forms right and left horns, which subsequently give rise to the brachiocephalic trunk and the proximal segment of the arch of aorta, respectively.[2]
| Aortic sac | |
|---|---|
 Diagrams to show the development of the septum of the aortic bulb and of the ventricles. | |
 Transverse sections through the aortic bulb to show the growth of the aortic septum. The lowest section is on the left, the highest on the right of the figure. | |
| Details | |
| Days | 37 |
| Precursor | neural crest |
| Identifiers | |
| TA98 | A12.2.03.004 |
| TA2 | 3992 |
| TE | sac_by_E4.0.3.5.0.3.12 E4.0.3.5.0.3.12 |
| FMA | 3740 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Genes HAND2 (dHAND) and HAND1 (eHAND) are expressed during the development of the aortic bulb and the arteries which arise from it.[3] The protein encoded by these genes belong to the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors.
References
edit- ^ Annalisa Berta, James L. Sumich, Kit M. Kovacs. Marine Mammals: Evolutionary Biology. Academic Press, 2006; page 240.
- ^ a b Sadler, T. W. (2019). Langman's Medical Embryology (14th ed.). Philadelphia. p. 206. ISBN 978-1-4963-8390-7. OCLC 1042400100.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Richard P. Harvey, Nadia Rosenthal (ed). Heart Development. Gulf Professional Publishing, 1999; page 150-151.
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