Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp

R-1830 Twin Wasp
	R-1830 on display at the Imperial War Museum Duxford
Type	Radial engine
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Pratt & Whitney
First run	1932
Major applications	Consolidated B-24 Liberator ; Douglas C-47 Skytrain ; Douglas DC-3 ; Grumman F4F Wildcat ; Consolidated PBY Catalina ; Douglas TBD Devastator ; Short Sunderland ; Vickers Wellington
Number built	173,618
Variants	Pratt & Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasp

The Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp is an American air-cooled radial aircraft engine. It displaces 1,830 cu in (30.0 L) and its bore and stroke are both 5.5 in (140 mm). The design traces its history to 1929 experiments at Pratt & Whitney on twin-row designs. Production began in 1932 and it was widely used during the 1930s.

It was selected as the power plant for both the four-engined Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bomber and the twin-engined Douglas DC-3 transport, two of the most-produced aircraft. The production run of 173,618 R-1830 examples^[1] makes it the most-produced aviation engine in history.

A further developed version, the R-2000, was produced starting in 1942. The R-2000 was "bored-out" to 5.75 in (146 mm) and had a number of other minor changes to improve fuel economy and allow it to run at higher power ratings on lower-octane fuel. The primary user of the R-2000 was the Douglas DC-4.

Mostly retired today, the R-1830 is still used on Douglas DC-3 and various museum aircraft and warbirds seen at airshows. It is not manufactured anymore, but spares are still available and there is still a market for second-hand engines and parts.

Variants

R-1830-1: 800 hp (600 kW)
R-1830-9: 850 hp (630 kW), 950 hp (710 kW)
R-1830-11: 800 hp (600 kW)
R-1830-13: 900 hp (670 kW), 950 hp (710 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-17: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-21: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-25: 1,100 hp (820 kW)
R-1830-33: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-35: 1,200 hp (890 kW) Fitted with GE B-2 turbosupercharger
R-1830-41: 1,200 hp (890 kW) Fitted with GE B-2 turbosupercharger
R-1830-43: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-45: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-49: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-64: 850 hp (630 kW), 900 hp (670 kW)
R-1830-65: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-66: 1,000 hp (750 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW), 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-72: 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-75: 1,350 hp (1,010 kW)
R-1830-76: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-82: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-86: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-88: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-90: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-90-B: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-92: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-94: 1,350 hp (1,010 kW)
R-1830-S1C3-G: 1,050 hp (780 kW), 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-S3C4-G: 1,200 hp (890 kW)
R-1830-S6C3-G: 1,100 hp (820 kW)
R-1830-SC-G: 900 hp (670 kW)
R-1830-SC2-G: 900 hp (670 kW), 1,050 hp (780 kW)
R-1830-SC3-G: 1,065 hp (794 kW) same engine built in Sweden as STWC-3G by SFA company for Swedish J 22, B 17 and B 18.

Applications

R-1830 mounted on the left wing of an ex-military Douglas C-47

RAF Dakota's Twin Wasp out for servicing

Bloch MB.176
Boeing XB-15
Budd RB Conestoga
Burnelli CBY-3
CAC Boomerang – Australian "emergency fighter"
CAC Woomera
Consolidated B-24 Liberator
Consolidated PBY Catalina
Consolidated PB2Y Coronado
Consolidated PB4Y Privateer
Curtiss P-36 Hawk
DAP Beaufort – Australian-built variants of Bristol Beaufort
Douglas C-47 Skytrain
Douglas DC-3
Douglas DB-7 – early variants only
Douglas TBD Devastator
FFVS J 22 – "emergency fighter"; built in-house by the Swedish Air Force
Grumman F4F Wildcat
I.Ae. 24 Calquin
Laird-Turner Meteor LTR-14
Lioré et Olivier LeO 453
Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar
Lisunov Li-3 – a Yugoslav version of the Lisunov Li-2
Martin Maryland
Martin M-130
Republic P-43 Lancer
Saab 17
Saab 18
Short Sunderland V
Seversky P-35
Vickers Wellington IV
VL Myrsky – Finnish "emergency fighter"
Vultee P-66 Vanguard

Engines on display

Model R-1830-65 on display at the Museo Nacional de Aeronautica, Buenos Aires, Argentina^{[citation needed]}
Model R-1830-86 on display at the New England Air Museum, Bradley International Airport, Windsor Locks, Connecticut.^[2]
Model R-1830-90C on display at the Dutch aviation museum Aviodrome
Model R-1830-92 displayed at the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC^[3]
Model R-1830 on display at the Northeast Classic Car Museum in Norwich, New York
Model R-1830 cut-away display at Airbase Arizona Museum in Mesa, Arizona^[4]

Specifications (R-1830-S1C-G)

Pratt & Whitney R-1830 "Twin Wasp" (sectioned)

Data from ^[5] ^[6]

General characteristics

Type: Fourteen-cylinder two-row supercharged air-cooled radial engine
Bore: 5.5 in (139.7 mm)
Stroke: 5.5 in (139.7 mm)
Displacement: 1,829.4 cu in (29.978 L)
Length: 59.06 in (1,500 mm)
Diameter: 48.03 in (1,220 mm)
Dry weight: 1,250 lb (570 kg)

Components

Valvetrain: Two overhead valves per cylinder
Supercharger: Single-speed General Electric centrifugal type supercharger, 1:7.15 speed increase
Fuel system: Two-barrel Stromberg carburetor
Fuel type: 95-100 octane rating gasoline
Cooling system: Air-cooled
Reduction gear: Epicyclic gearing, 3:2 (16:9 for many variants)

Performance

Power output:
1,200 hp (890 kW) at 2,700 rpm for takeoff
700 hp (520 kW) at 2,325 rpm cruise power at 13,120 ft (4,000 m)
Specific power: 0.66 hp/cu in (30.03 kW/L)
Compression ratio: 6.7:1
Specific fuel consumption: 0.49 lb/(hp•h) (295 g/(kW•h))
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.96 hp/lb (1.58 kW/kg)

References

Notes

^ ^a ^b - Archived (Nov. 11, 2013) manufacturer's product page, R-1830 Retrieved: 7 February 2019
^ New England Air Museum Exhibit page R-1830-86 Twin Wasp Retrieved: 2 November 2013
^ Collection: Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp R-1830-92 Radial Engine Retrieved: 3 December 2014
^ "Arizona Commemorative Air Force Museum | Flying Tours | AZCAF".
^ Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств) (in Russian). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived from the original on 24 March 2009.
^ "FAA TCDS A-669".

Bibliography

Angelucci, Enzo (2006) [1988]. Complete Book of World War II Combat Aircraft. VMB Publishers. ISBN 978-88-540-0829-8.
Bridgman, Leonard, ed. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1951–1952. London: Samson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd 1951.
Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day. 5th edition, Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2006.ISBN 0-7509-4479-X
White, Graham. Allied Aircraft Piston Engines of World War II: History and Development of Frontline Aircraft Piston Engines Produced by Great Britain and the United States During World War II. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 1995. ISBN 1-56091-655-9

External links

[www.pw.utc.com-1] - Archived (Nov. 11, 2013) manufacturer's product page, R-1830 Retrieved: 7 February 2019

[2] New England Air Museum Exhibit page R-1830-86 Twin Wasp Retrieved: 2 November 2013

[3] Collection: Pratt & Whitney Twin Wasp R-1830-92 Radial Engine Retrieved: 3 December 2014

[4] "Arizona Commemorative Air Force Museum | Flying Tours | AZCAF".

[tsygulev-5] Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств) (in Russian). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived from the original on 24 March 2009.

[6] "FAA TCDS A-669".

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