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CJ-10 (missile)

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The CJ-10 (simplified Chinese: 长剑-10; traditional Chinese: 長劍-10; pinyin: Cháng Jiàn 10; lit. 'long sword 10') is a second-generation[1] Chinese land-attack cruise missile.[5] It is derived from the Kh-55 missile.[6] It is reportedly manufactured by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy and the China Haiying Electro-Mechanical Technology Academy.[1]

CJ-10
CJ-10 Cruise missile on WS2400 TEL
TypeLand-attack missile
Cruise missile
Air-launched cruise missile
Place of originChina
Service history
Used byChina
Production history
ManufacturerChina Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation/China Haiying Electro-Mechanical Technology Academy
Specifications
Warhead500 kg (1,100 lb),[1] conventional or nuclear[2]
Operational
range
>1,500–2,000 km (930–1,240 mi; 810–1,080 nmi)
Guidance
system
Launch
platform

Initially, the CJ-10 was identified as the DH-10 (Chinese: 东海-10; pinyin: Dong Hai 10; lit. 'east sea 10') by Western media and analysts.[7][8] United States Department of Defense reports used "DH-10" until 2011,[9][10] and then "CJ-10" from 2012.[11][12] Publications may use both terms interchangeably.[1][13] The Center for Strategic and International Studies believes that the CJ-10 is a member of the Hongniao (HN) series of missiles;[14] Ian Easton believes that the CJ-10 is the same missile as the HN-2, and that the HN-3 is the "DH-10A".[15]

Description

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In the September 2014 edition of Joint Forces Quarterly, an article reportedly described CJ-10 as a subsonic missile with a range of more than 1,500 km and a 500 kg payload. The article attributes the missile having a guidance package using inertial navigation system, satellite navigation, terrain contour matching, and a likely Digital Scene-Mapping Area Correlator for terminal guidance. Ships and transporter erector launchers were listed as launch platforms.[1]

In 2013, the United States believes that the missile has a range of more than 1,500 km, and can potentially carry either conventional or nuclear payloads.[2] In 2004, the CJ-10 was credited with a CEP of 10 m.[16]

The YJ-100 is a subsonic anti-ship version of the CJ-10 with a range of 800 km (500 mi; 430 nmi). The missile can be air-launched by the H-6 bomber and fired from a vertical launching system of the Type 055 destroyer according to Chinese expert Li Li on Chinese television.[17] The YJ-100 will have an onboard radar.[18]

Development

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The development of the CJ-10 could have potentially benefited significantly from Chinese acquisition of NATO and Soviet missile technology in the 1990s, notably the Kh-55 (purchased from Ukraine), and the Tomahawk cruise missiles (that were unexploded and purchased from Iraq and Serbia).[15] The detailed production engineering data packages of the Kh-55 LACM were bought from Ukraine in 2001.[19] A 1995 Russian document suggested a complete production facility had been transferred to Shanghai, for the development of a nuclear-armed cruise missile. Originally it was thought that this was based on the 300 km-range Raduga Kh-15 (AS-16 'Kickback'), but it now appears that it was the Kh-55 that was transferred to China.[6]

Jane's Information Group reported the CJ-10 was tested 2004.[16] An August 2012 report by Jane's indicated that a shipborne variant of the missile may have been tested on Bi Sheng, a Chinese weapons trial ship.[20]

The United States in 2008 estimated that 50–250 missiles were in service,[21] increasing to 150–350 in 2009.[22]

Variants

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CJ-10 (DF-10)
Baseline version. Known as DH-10 during the prototype phase.[23] Sometimes called the DF-10.[23]
CJ-10A (DF-10A)
Land-attack cruise missile.[24] Reportedly a stealthier, more accurate, version of the CJ-10.[15]
"DH-2000"
Supposedly a supersonic version of the DH-10A.[25]
CJ-10K
Air-launched version with a 1500 km range; may be carried by the Xian H-6K.[24]
CJ-20
Air-launched version of the CJ-10[26] with an estimated range of more than 2,000 km (1,200 mi; 1,100 nmi).[27] Reportedly been tested on the Xian H-6; each bomber may carry four missiles externally.[28]
YJ-100
Anti-ship version with an 800 km (500 mi)[18] or 1,000–1,500 km (620–930 mi) range,[1] launched by H-6 bomber and Type 055 destroyer.[17][18] Air-launched YJ-100[29] and CJ-10K[1] are both referred as KD-20 in separate sources.

Operators

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Gormley et al.: p.102
  2. ^ a b United States National Air and Space Intelligence Center Public Affairs Office: p.29
  3. ^ "PLA's Type 093G submarines 'could destroy Izumo'". Want China Times. 7 April 2015. Archived from the original on 19 July 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  4. ^ "China Destroyer Consolidates Innovations, Other Ship Advances". AFCEA. 1 December 2013.
  5. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2015, p.39
  6. ^ a b "China's new cruise missile programme 'racing ahead'". Jane's Defence Weekly. 12 January 2000. Archived from the original on 4 June 2009.
  7. ^ Kopp, Carlo; Andrew, Martin (27 January 2014). "PLA Cruise Missiles; PLA Air–Surface Missiles". Air Power Australia.net: 1. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  8. ^ Easton: p.1
  9. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2011, p.2
  10. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2011, p.31
  11. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2012, p.21
  12. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2012, p.42
  13. ^ United States National Air and Space Intelligence Center Public Affairs Office: p.27
  14. ^ "Hong Niao Series (HN-1/-2/-3)".
  15. ^ a b c Easton: p.3
  16. ^ a b Minnick, Wendell (21 September 2004). "China tests new land-attack cruise missile". Jane's. Archived from the original on 29 September 2004. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
  17. ^ a b "China's anti-ship missiles YJ-12 and YJ-100 revealed". China Military Online. 4 February 2015. Archived from the original on 5 October 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
  18. ^ a b c Lin, Jeffrey; Singer, P. W. (10 March 2015). "China Shows Off Its Deadly New Cruise Missiles". Popular Science.
  19. ^ "Hatf-7 Babur GLCM". Global Security. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  20. ^ Rahmat, Ridzwan (14 October 2014). "PLAN commissions fourth Dahua-class vessel". Jane's. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  21. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense (2008). Annual Report To Congress: Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2008 (PDF) (Report). p. 56. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  22. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense (2009). Annual Report To Congress: Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2009 (PDF) (Report). p. 66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  23. ^ a b "DH-10 / CJ-10". Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance. January 2023.
  24. ^ a b Fisher, Richard D. Jr. (4 September 2015). "China showcases new weapon systems at 3 September parade". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
  25. ^ Easton: p.5
  26. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2015, p.46
  27. ^ "Changjian-20 (CJ-20) – Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance".
  28. ^ Gormley et al.: p.103
  29. ^ Janes 360 (14 August 2017). "Images indicate possible precision-guided version of China's KD-20 LACM". Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ United States Office of the Secretary of Defense: Annual Report To Congress 2010, p.31
  31. ^ Li, Xiaobing (1 August 2022). "The Dragon's Wing: The People's Liberation Army Air Force's Strategy". Air University.
Bibliography
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