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Cabell County, West Virginia

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Cabell County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 94,350,[1] making it West Virginia's fourth most-populous county. Its county seat is Huntington.[2] The county was organized in 1809 and named for William H. Cabell, the Governor of Virginia from 1805 to 1808.[3] Cabell County is part of the Huntington–Ashland, WV–KY–OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Cabell County
County
Cabell County Courthouse
Cabell County Courthouse
Map of West Virginia highlighting Cabell County
Location within the U.S. state of West Virginia
Map of the United States highlighting West Virginia
West Virginia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°25′N 82°14′W / 38.42°N 82.24°W / 38.42; -82.24
Country United States
State West Virginia
FoundedJanuary 2, 1809
Named forWilliam H. Cabell
SeatHuntington
Largest cityHuntington
Area
 • Total288 sq mi (750 km2)
 • Land281 sq mi (730 km2)
 • Water7.0 sq mi (18 km2)  2.4%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total94,350
 • Estimate 
(2021)
93,418 Decrease
 • Density330/sq mi (130/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.cabellcounty.org

History

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Cabell County was created by an act of the Virginia General Assembly on January 2, 1809, out of Kanawha County. The county was named in honor of William H. Cabell, who served as Governor of Virginia from 1805 to 1808.

First settlers

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Many of the first settlers in Cabell County were the Mound Builders, also referred to as the Adena people. Later, many Hurons occupied the area until they were driven out by the Iroquois Confederacy. By the 1700s the area of Cabell County was mostly used as hunting grounds by the native populations in the area.[4]

European settlement

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The first European to set foot in present-day Cabell County was most likely Robert Cavelier de La Salle, who sailed down the Ohio River in 1669. The first English explorers were probably Thomas Batts and Robert Fallam, who explored the area in September 1671. While they explored the area, they found tree markings with the letters MANI and MA, signifying to them that other Englishmen that been there before.

The Savage Grant of 1772 was made to John Savage and 60 others for service during the French and Indian War. William Buffington purchased lot 42 of this grant and willed it to his two sons, Thomas and William Buffington. Thomas and his brother Jonathan came to present-day Cabell County in 1796 and found Thomas Hannon. Hannon is regarded as the first settler in Cabell County.[4]

1800's

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Cabell County's location along the Ohio River made it a natural resting place and port for westward travelers. Areas such as Guyandotte and Holderby's Landing (present-day Huntington) became ferrying points. The James River and Kanawha Turnpike was extended to Barboursville in 1814. In 1837, Marshall Academy was formed at Holdby's Landing. The school was named after Chief Justice John Marshall, a friend of local lawyer John Laidley. The academy was incorporated in 1838 by the Virginia State Legislature. In 1867, Marshall Academy was created as the State Normal School of Marshall College to train teachers. Marshall College gained University status in 1961.[5]

Civil War

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Prior to the outbreak of conflict, the citizens of Cabell County were largely divided on the issue secession. The arrival of Eli Thayer and his Ceredo Experiment caused an uproar in the county. After the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, a militia was formed called the Border Rangers led by Albert Gallatin Jenkins. The first engagement of the Civil War in Cabell County was the Battle of Barboursville in 1861. Later that same year, the town of Guyandotte was raided and eventually burned by the Union Army. The county's economy suffered greatly after the burning of Guyandotte, but the proximity to the Ohio River and arrival of the railroad boasted the county. In 1871, railroad magnate Collis P. Huntington laid out and founded the city of Huntington, near Holdby's Landing, as the western terminus of the C&O Railroad.[6]

1900's

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Several industries entered Cabell County as a result of the establishment of Huntington. This influx of industry boast the economy, which saw a boom period until the Ohio River Flood of 1937. Huntington saw the introduction of the state's first radio station in 1923 and the state's first television station in 1949. The construction of Interstate 64 in the 1960s also saw a growth in the local economy.[5]

Geography

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According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has an area of 288 square miles (750 km2), of which 281 square miles (730 km2) is land and 7.0 square miles (18 km2) (2.4%) is water.[7]

In 1863, West Virginia's counties were divided into civil townships, with the intention of encouraging local government. This proved impractical in the heavily rural state, and in 1872 the townships were converted into magisterial districts.[8] Cabell County was divided into five districts: Barboursville, Grant, Guyandotte, McComas, and Union. Two additional districts, Gideon and Kyle, were established between 1920 and 1930. Between 1980 and 1990, the county was redivided into five districts: District 1, District 2, District 3, District 4, and District 5. The names and boundaries of the historic districts were preserved in the form of tax and assessment districts.[9]

Major highways

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Adjacent counties

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18102,717—
18204,78976.3%
18305,88422.9%
18408,16338.7%
18506,299−22.8%
18608,02027.3%
18706,429−19.8%
188013,744113.8%
189023,59571.7%
190029,25224.0%
191046,68559.6%
192065,74640.8%
193090,78638.1%
194097,4597.4%
1950108,03510.9%
1960108,2020.2%
1970106,918−1.2%
1980106,835−0.1%
199096,827−9.4%
200096,7840.0%
201096,319−0.5%
202094,350−2.0%
2021 (est.)93,418[10]−1.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790–1960[12] 1900–1990[13]
1990–2000[14] 2010–2020[1]
 
The Cabell County Court House in Huntington, the building that houses most of the county's administrative offices.

2000 census

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As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 96,784 people, 41,180 households, and 25,490 families living in the county. The population density was 344 inhabitants per square mile (133/km2). There were 45,615 housing units at an average density of 162 units per square mile (63 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 93.37% White, 4.29% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.77% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. 0.68% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 41,180 households, out of which 25.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.10% were married couples living together, 11.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.10% were non-families. 31.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.00% under the age of 18, 13.50% from 18 to 24, 26.80% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 16.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 91.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,479, and the median income for a family was $37,691. Males had a median income of $31,780 versus $22,243 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,638. About 13.70% of families and 19.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.60% of those under age 18 and 10.80% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

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As of the 2010 United States census, there were 96,319 people, 41,223 households, and 24,308 families living in the county.[16] The population density was 342.8 inhabitants per square mile (132.4/km2). There were 46,169 housing units at an average density of 164.3 per square mile (63.4/km2).[17] The racial makeup of the county was 91.6% white, 5.0% black or African American, 1.0% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.3% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.1% of the population.[16] In terms of ancestry, 17.2% were Irish, 16.5% were English, 15.9% were German, and 10.7% were American.[18]

Of the 41,223 households, 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.3% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 41.0% were non-families, and 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.85. The median age was 38.7 years.[16]

The median income for a household in the county was $34,492 and the median income for a family was $48,323. Males had a median income of $39,523 versus $28,952 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,907. About 15.3% of families and 20.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.0% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.[19]

Education

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See also: Category:Education in Cabell County, West Virginia

Higher education

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There are two colleges, and one university in Cabell County, West Virginia. All three of them are located within Huntington, West Virginia.

Public schools

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All public schools in Cabell County are operated by Cabell County Public Schools, the sole school district in the county.[20]

High schools

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[20]

Middle schools

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[20]

Elementary schools

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  • Altizer Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Central City Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Cox Landing Elementary School, in Lesage
  • Culloden Elementary School, in Culloden
  • Davis Creek Elementary School, in Barboursville
  • Explorer Academy, in Huntington
  • Guyandotte Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Highlawn Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Hite-Saunders Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Martha Elementary School, in Barboursville
  • Meadows Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Milton Elementary School, in Milton
  • Nichols Elementary School, in Barboursville
  • Ona Elementary School, in Ona
  • South Side Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Spring Hill Elementary School, in Huntington
  • Village of Barboursville Elementary School, in Barboursville

[20]

Private schools

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Cabell County has a number of private schools at the K-12 grade levels, they are all located in Huntington. Among them are:

Communities

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City

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Town

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Village

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Magisterial districts

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  • District 1
  • District 2
  • District 3
  • District 4
  • District 5

Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Politics

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For most of its history, Cabell County was a swing county, voting for the national winner in every presidential election from 1892 to 2004, aside from 1924 and 1960. However, similar to the rest of West Virginia, it has since swung quite Republican, albeit by a much less dramatic margin than the rest of the state. Donald Trump carried the county by a margin of 25 percent over Hillary Clinton in 2016 and by a margin of 18 percent over Joe Biden in 2020.

United States presidential election results for Cabell County, West Virginia[21]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 21,229 59.92% 13,474 38.03% 726 2.05%
2020 21,721 58.14% 14,994 40.13% 645 1.73%
2016 19,850 59.09% 11,447 34.08% 2,294 6.83%
2012 17,985 55.93% 13,568 42.19% 605 1.88%
2008 18,793 54.11% 15,292 44.03% 647 1.86%
2004 21,035 55.43% 16,583 43.70% 332 0.87%
2000 16,440 51.03% 14,896 46.24% 880 2.73%
1996 13,179 40.48% 16,277 49.99% 3,104 9.53%
1992 13,203 39.16% 15,111 44.82% 5,401 16.02%
1988 17,197 52.65% 15,368 47.05% 97 0.30%
1984 21,815 58.26% 15,513 41.43% 117 0.31%
1980 19,482 49.21% 17,732 44.79% 2,374 6.00%
1976 19,644 48.56% 20,811 51.44% 0 0.00%
1972 29,582 67.39% 14,312 32.61% 0 0.00%
1968 19,418 45.05% 19,018 44.12% 4,666 10.83%
1964 16,957 37.36% 28,437 62.64% 0 0.00%
1960 26,988 56.34% 20,911 43.66% 0 0.00%
1956 28,882 61.07% 18,408 38.93% 0 0.00%
1952 27,461 55.32% 22,179 44.68% 0 0.00%
1948 18,599 43.86% 23,680 55.84% 131 0.31%
1944 19,861 46.32% 23,020 53.68% 0 0.00%
1940 21,027 42.78% 28,125 57.22% 0 0.00%
1936 19,003 40.95% 27,319 58.87% 87 0.19%
1932 17,999 42.91% 23,498 56.01% 453 1.08%
1928 21,091 57.65% 15,340 41.93% 152 0.42%
1924 15,581 47.26% 16,211 49.17% 1,177 3.57%
1920 13,170 50.11% 12,845 48.87% 268 1.02%
1916 5,728 46.18% 6,446 51.97% 229 1.85%
1912 1,798 17.49% 4,793 46.62% 3,690 35.89%

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 6, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "Cabell County history sources". wvculture.org. Archived from the original on October 29, 2015. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  4. ^ a b Wallace, George Selden (1997). Cabell County Annals and Families (2nd ed.). Clearfield Company. p. 3.
  5. ^ a b "Welcome to Cabell County". www.cabellcounty.org. Retrieved March 12, 2024.
  6. ^ Geiger Jr., Joe (2020). Disorder on the Board: Civil Warfare in Cabell and Wayne Counties, West Virginia, 1856 - 1870. 35th Star Publisher. pp. 26–353.
  7. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved July 23, 2015.
  8. ^ Otis K. Rice & Stephen W. Brown, West Virginia: A History, 2nd ed., University Press of Kentucky, Lexington (1993), p. 240.
  9. ^ United States Census Bureau, U.S. Decennial Census, Tables of Minor Civil Divisions in West Virginia, 1870–2010.
  10. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021". Retrieved July 6, 2022.
  11. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  12. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  13. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  14. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
  15. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  16. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  17. ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  18. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  19. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  20. ^ a b c d "Cabell County Schools Stats". US News. Retrieved July 16, 2024.
  21. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
  22. ^ Averill, James P. 1882. History of Gallia County. H. H. Hardesty & Co. Publishers: Chicago. Deeds and wills.
  23. ^ Laidley, W.S. 1901. "The West End of West Virginia." The West Virginia Historical Magazine Quarterly 1:5-41. The West Virginia Historical and Antiquarian Society.
  24. ^ Miller, Thomas Condit, and Hu Maxwell. 1913. West Virginia and Its People. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
  25. ^ Brant, Fuller, & Co. 1891. History of the Great Kanawha Valley: With Family History and Biographical Sketches. Madison, Wisconsin.
  26. ^ "Sampson Sanders". cabellcountydoorstothepast.com. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
  27. ^ "Sampson Sanders". WVPB. Retrieved September 6, 2022.
  28. ^ "North Dakota Governor Eli C. D. Shortridge". National Governors Association. Retrieved September 29, 2012.
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38°25′N 82°14′W / 38.42°N 82.24°W / 38.42; -82.24

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