Wikipedia

Exhibition Stadium

(Redirected from Canadian National Exhibition Stadium)

For other uses, see Exhibition Stadium (disambiguation).

Canadian National Exhibition Stadium (commonly known as Exhibition Stadium or CNE Stadium and nicknamed The Ex[3]) was a multi-purpose stadium in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on the grounds of Exhibition Place. Originally built for Canadian National Exhibition events, the stadium served as the home of the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1959 to 1988, the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1977 to 1989, and the Toronto Blizzard of the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1979 to 1983.[4][5] The stadium hosted the Grey Cup game 12 times over a 24-year period.

Canadian National Exhibition Stadium
Exhibition Stadium
CNE Stadium
The Ex
Exhibition Stadium in 1988
Map
LocationLake Shore Boulevard West & Ontario Drive
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Coordinates43°37′55″N 79°25′4″W / 43.63194°N 79.41778°W / 43.63194; -79.41778
Public transit Exhibition
 511  Bathurst
 29  TTC buses
OwnerCity of Toronto
OperatorCity of Toronto
Capacity20,679 (1948)[1]
33,150 (1959–1974 football)
41,890 (1975 football)
54,741 (1976–1988 football)
38,522 (1977 baseball)
43,737 (1978–1989 baseball)
Field sizeLeft Field – 330 ft (101 m)
Left-Centre – 375 ft (114 m)
Centre Field – 400 ft (122 m)
Right-Centre – 375 ft (114 m)
Right Field – 330 ft (101 m)
Backstop – 60 ft (18 m)
SurfaceGrass (1959–1971)
AstroTurf (1972–1989)
Construction
Built1948 (grandstand)
1959 (football bleachers)
1976 (football and baseball seats)
OpenedAugust 5, 1959
Closed1996
DemolishedJanuary 31, 1999
Construction cost$3 million (1948 north grandstand)[1]
$650,000 (1959 south bleachers)[1]
$17.5 million (1976 renovations)[2]
ArchitectMarani and Morris (1948)
Bill Sanford (1976)
Tenants
Toronto Argonauts (CFL) (1959–1988)
Serbian White Eagles (NSL) (1973–1974)
Toronto Blue Jays (MLB) (1977–1989)
Toronto Blizzard (NASL) (1979–1983)

The grandstand (known as CNE Grandstand) was used extensively throughout the summer months for hosting concerts.[6]

In 1999, the stadium was demolished and the site was used for parking until 2006. BMO Field was built on the site in 2007 roughly where the northern end of the covered grandstand once stood.

History

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CNE Grandstand

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Exhibition Stadium was the fourth stadium to be built on its site since 1879.[1] When the original grandstand was lost due to a fire in 1906, it was quickly rebuilt.[1] A second fire destroyed the stadium in April 1946, which led to the city constructing a covered north-side grandstand (known as CNE Grandstand) for CA$3.5 million in 1948.[7][8][9][10][11] This part of the stadium's structure stayed even as the stadium underwent various changes to its configuration over the years until its 1999 closure.

The new building seated 22,000, 6,000 more than the previous grandstand. The building held two dining halls that could seat 1,000, a 1,500 square feet (140 m2) Exhibition Hall, electric plant and storage facilities. It was designed by firm Marani and Morris, and built by Piggott Construction. It had a large 300 feet (91 m)-wide stage and three radio rooms for broadcasting. The roof had a total of 300 floodlights and spotlights. The roof was specially designed to provide no place for pigeons to roost.[12]

Expansion for CFL football

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When the Toronto Argonauts moved from Varsity Stadium for the 1959 season, a smaller CA$650,000 bleacher section was added along the south sideline.[1][13][14] In this form the stadium seated 33,150.[15]

 
1959 south side expansion seen during 1971 Argonauts game

The inaugural game at the renovated Exhibition Stadium was an exhibition interleague game between the hometown Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) and the Chicago Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL) on August 5, 1959. The game was the first time an NFL team played in Toronto.[16][17] It was also the first NFL–CFL exhibition match held since the establishment of the CFL in 1958, and marked the beginning of a three-year, four game exhibition series between the leagues.

When the 58th Grey Cup was played at the stadium in 1970, Calgary Stampeders coach Jim Duncan described the condition of the natural-grass surface as "a disgrace."[18] In January 1972, Metropolitan Toronto Council voted 15–9 to spend $625,000 to install artificial turf. The vote passed despite five councillors changing their vote to oppose the motion, because the cost had increased from a previous estimate of $400,000.[19] Two months later, contracts totalling CA$475,000 were approved to install the AstroTurf, with work to be completed by June, in time for the start of the Toronto Argonauts' 1972 season.[20]

Reconfiguration for baseball

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In 1974, in a bid to acquire a Major League Baseball team, the city voted to reconfigure the stadium to make it compatible for baseball,[21] leading to the arrival of Major League Baseball in Toronto in 1977 in the form of the expansion Toronto Blue Jays after a failed attempt to lure the San Francisco Giants to the city.

 
A Toronto Blue Jays game during the 1977 season

Originally planned to cost CA$15 million[21] before growing to CA$17.5 million ($88.4 million in 2023 dollars)[22], the renovations, which were funded by the city and province, added seating opposite to the covered grandstand on the first base side and curving around to the third base side.[1][2][23][24][25] Football capacity was increased from 33,150 before the renovations to 41,890 initially, then finally to 54,741 after work was completed.[21] Although the stadium was expanded to accommodate baseball, the new seats were first used for football and allowed the 64th Grey Cup in November 1976 to be watched by a then-Grey Cup record crowd of 53,467. For baseball, the stadium originally seated 38,522; however, by the Blue Jays' second season this increased to 43,739,[26] although only about 33,000 seats were usually made available (see below).

Even in its new, expanded form, Exhibition Stadium was problematic for hosting both baseball and football. Blue Jays' President Paul Beeston noted Exhibition Stadium "wasn't just the worst stadium in baseball, it was the worst stadium in sports."[27]

Baseball problems

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The stadium exterior in 1992

Exhibition Stadium was unusual among MLB ballparks in that it was a football-specific venue later renovated for baseball, whereas most U.S. venues hosting baseball and football were either ballparks where football was a secondary consideration or "cookie-cutter" facilities designed from the outset to host both sports. Like most multi-purpose stadiums, the lower boxes were set further back than comparable seats at baseball-only stadiums to accommodate the wider football field.

Moreover, at the time of the renovation a Canadian football field was almost 34% larger than an American football field.[note 1] While in some respects the larger Canadian field arguably made retrofitting for baseball somewhat easier than was the case south of the border with previous examples such as Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum or future examples such as Mile High Stadium, it nevertheless left many of the seats down the right-field line and in right-centre were extremely far from the infield; they actually faced each other rather than the action. Some seats were as far as 820 feet (250 m) from home plate — the greatest such distance of any stadium ever used as a principal home field in the major leagues.[26] The Blue Jays realized early on that these seats were too far from the field to be of any use during the regular season. As such, they were only sold when necessitated by demand during the 1985 and 1987 pennant races. As the original grandstand was used for the outfield seats, these were the cheapest seats but were the only ones which offered some protection from the elements;[28] the Blue Jays were the only MLB team using a stadium with such a configuration.

Football problems

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Because the full length of the third-base line had to be fitted between the north stand (the original grandstand) and the new south stand, they could no longer be parallel to each other. As a compromise between placements suitable for the two stands, the football field was rotated anticlockwise away from the north stand.[29] Thus, the only seats as close to the field as before were those near the eastern end zone, and no seats had as good a view of the whole field as the centre-field seats before the conversion.

Although the Argonauts recorded average attendances of above 40,000 fans per game in the first few seasons following the stadium's expansion, by the mid-1980s average attendance had fallen to fewer than 30,000 fans per game.

Problems with the wind and cold

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Being situated relatively close to Lake Ontario, the stadium was often quite cold at the beginning and end of the baseball season (and the end of the football season). The first Blue Jays game played there on April 7, 1977, was the only major league game ever played with the field covered entirely by snow. The Blue Jays had to borrow Maple Leaf Gardens' Zamboni to clear off the field. Conditions at the stadium led to another odd incident that first year. On September 15, Baltimore Orioles manager Earl Weaver pulled his team off the field because -- in Weaver's opinion -- he felt the bricks holding down the bullpen tarps were a hazard to his players. This garnered a win by forfeit for the Jays – the only time in major league baseball history since 1914 that a team deliberately forfeited a game (as opposed to having an umpire call a forfeiture).[30]

An April 30, 1984, game against the Texas Rangers was postponed due to 60 mph (97 km/h) winds. Before the game, Rangers manager Doug Rader named Jim Bibby as his starting pitcher, stating "he's the heaviest man in the world, and thus will be unaffected by the wind." However, Bibby would never make it to the mound. Two Rangers batters complained about dirt swirling in their eyes, and Blue Jays starting pitcher Jim Clancy was blown off balance several times. The umpires stopped the game after only six pitches. After a 30-minute delay, the game was called off.[31]

The stadium also occasionally had problems with fog, once causing a bizarre inside-the-park home run for Kelly Gruber in 1986, when an otherwise routine pop up was lost by the outfielders in the thick fog.[32]

 
Original architectural model of the fourth Exhibition Stadium's grandstand, from 1948
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Due to its position next to the lake, and the food disposed by baseball and football fans, the stadium was a popular feeding ground for seagulls. New York Yankees outfielder Dave Winfield was arrested on August 4, 1983, for killing a seagull with a baseball. Winfield had just finished his warm-up exercises in the 5th inning and threw a ball to the ball boy, striking a seagull in the head. The seagull died, and some claimed that Winfield hit the bird on purpose, which prompted Yankees manager Billy Martin to state "They wouldn't say that if they'd seen the throws he'd been making all year. It's the first time he's hit the cutoff man". The charges were later dropped. Winfield would later play for the Blue Jays, winning a World Series with the club in 1992.

70th Grey Cup and replacement

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Exhibition Stadium's fate was sealed during the 70th Grey Cup in 1982, popularly known as "the Rain Bowl" because it was played in a driving rainstorm that left most of the crowd drenched. Many of the seats were completely exposed to the elements, forcing thousands of fans to watch the game in the concession section. To make matters worse, the washrooms overflowed. In attendance that day was then-Ontario Premier Bill Davis, and the poor conditions were seen by over 7.862 million television viewers in Canada (at the time the largest TV audience ever in Canada).[33] The following day, at a rally at Toronto City Hall, tens of thousands of people who were there to see the Toronto Argonauts began to chant, "We want a dome! We want a dome!" So too did others who began to discuss the possibility of an all-purpose, all-weather stadium.[34]

Seven months later, in June 1983, Premier Davis formally announced that a three-person committee would look into the feasibility of building a domed stadium at Exhibition Place. The committee consisted of Paul Godfrey, Larry Grossman and former Ontario Hydro chairman Hugh Macaulay.[35] That same year, the city also studied a number of potential sites for the new domed stadium, and in April 1984, CN agreed to donate 7 acres (2.8 ha) of land near the CN Tower for the stadium; groundbreaking began in October 1986, and the stadium, which would take on the name SkyDome (now Rogers Centre), opened in June 1989.[36]

Life following the opening of SkyDome and demolition

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Demolition of the stadium in January 1999.

Exhibition Stadium mostly stayed inactive over the decade following the opening of SkyDome (being used sometimes as a racetrack or a parking lot), except for the occasional concert or minor sporting event. The World Wrestling Federation (now WWE), needing a new venue after a decision to discontinue events at Maple Leaf Gardens in 1995, held one card at the stadium on August 24, 1996, for a crowd of 21,211. The main event was Shawn Michaels vs. Goldust in a ladder match.[37] A series of CASCAR races were held at the track during the 1990s, with the stadium being reconfigured for such races.

The stadium was demolished in 1999 and the site is now the location of BMO Field and a parking lot. A few chairs from the stadium can be found on the southeast corner just north of the bridge to Ontario Place's main entrance. As is common with stadium demolitions, a number of the remaining seats were sold to fans and collectors. The original locations of all bases and home plate are marked in the parking lot south of BMO Field.

The "Mistake by the Lake"

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Although not widely used while the stadium was in operation (given the well known references to Cleveland's Municipal Stadium), the term "Mistake by the Lake" has been used more recently in reflection by Toronto media to refer to the now-demolished venue.[38]

New stadium

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Main article: BMO Field

On October 26, 2005, the City of Toronto approved a CA$69 million 20,000-seat stadium, in almost the same spot where the old stadium once was. The governments of Canada and Ontario combined for CA$35 (equivalent to $51.39 in 2023) million, with the city paying CA$9.8 million, and Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment paying the rest, including any runoff costs. Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment got the naming rights of the new stadium, and has a Major League Soccer team in the new stadium, named Toronto FC. The stadium also held the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup along with other cities in Canada.

BMO Field was initially built as a soccer-specific stadium with field dimensions that were too small to accommodate a Canadian football field and was operated as such until 2015 when MLSE owners Larry Tanenbaum and Bell Canada agreed to purchase the Toronto Argonauts. As part of the agreement, BMO Field was renovated to allow the Argonauts to move back to the site in time for the 2016 CFL season. The stadium also hosted the 104th Grey Cup in 2016 and MLS Cups in 2010, 2016, and 2017, along with the outdoor NHL Centennial Classic game within a 35-day period.

Chevrolet Beach Volleyball Centre

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For the 2015 Pan American Games and Parapan American Games, the old stadium footprint (parking lot) became the Chevrolet Beach Volleyball Centre. The temporary venue had bleachers and a playing area filled with 3,000 metric tonnes of sand.[39] After the Pan American Games, the venue was torn down to allow for setup of rides and restore parking spaces for the 2015 Canadian National Exhibition opening on August 21 of the same year.

Concerts and events

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Many rock concerts were also held at the stadium, both the grandstand and the whole stadium were used for popular rock and pop acts such as Pink Floyd, The Who, U2, David Bowie, Chicago, New Order, Depeche Mode, Iron Maiden, Rush, Van Halen, Guns N' Roses, Liza Minnelli, Kim Mitchell, Bruce Springsteen, Bette Midler, INXS, Bon Jovi, AC/DC, Elton John, Whitney Houston and Janis Joplin, New Kids On The Block.[citation needed]

Grey Cups at Exhibition Stadium
Game Date Winning team Score Losing team Attendance Lore
47th November 28, 1959 Winnipeg Blue Bombers 21–7 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 34,426
49th December 2, 1961 Winnipeg Blue Bombers 21–14 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 36,592
50th December 1–2,[A] 1962 Winnipeg Blue Bombers 28–27 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 32,655 "The Fog Bowl"
52nd November 28, 1964 BC Lions 34–24 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 32,655
53rd November 27, 1965 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 22–16 Winnipeg Blue Bombers 32,655 "The Wind Bowl"
56th November 30, 1968 Ottawa Rough Riders 24–21 Calgary Stampeders 33,185
58th November 28, 1970 Montreal Alouettes 23–10 Calgary Stampeders 32,669
61st November 25, 1973 Ottawa Rough Riders 22–18 Edmonton Eskimos 36,475
64th November 28, 1976 Ottawa Rough Riders 23–20 Saskatchewan Roughriders 53,389 "The Catch"
66th November 26, 1978 Edmonton Eskimos 20–13 Montreal Alouettes 54,695
68th November 23, 1980 Edmonton Eskimos 48–10 Hamilton Tiger-Cats 54,661
70th November 28, 1982 Edmonton Eskimos 32–16 Toronto Argonauts 54,741 "The Rain Bowl"

^ A. Game was suspended with 9:29 remaining in the fourth quarter due to extremely dense fog, and completed the next day.

Vanier Cups at Exhibition Stadium
Game Date Winning team Score Losing team Attendance
9th November 24, 1973 Saint Mary's Huskies 14–6 McGill Redmen 17,000
10th November 22, 1974 Western Ontario Mustangs 19–15 Toronto Varsity Blues 24,777
11th November 21, 1975 Ottawa Gee-Gees 14–9 Calgary Dinos 17,841
Major League Baseball Postseason Games at Exhibition Stadium
1985 American League Championship Series
Game Date Winning team Score Losing team Time Attendance
1 October 8, 1985 Toronto Blue Jays 6-1 Kansas City Royals 2:24 39,115[42]
2 October 9, 1985 Toronto Blue Jays 6-5 Kansas City Royals 3:39 34,029[43]
6 October 15, 1985 Kansas City Royals 5-3 Toronto Blue Jays 3:12 37,557[44]
7 October 16, 1985 Kansas City Royals 6-2 Toronto Blue Jays 2:49 32,084[45]
Kansas City won the series, 4–3

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Until the size of the CFL endzones were reduced from 25 yards to 20 in 1986, the Canadian field was 40 yards (37 m) longer and 35 feet (11 m) wider.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Brehl, Robert (May 23, 1989). "The noteworthy and not-so-worthy Ex Stadium has survived fires, storms and seagulls". Toronto Star.
  2. ^ a b Brehl, Robert (May 23, 1989). "Those were the days? Exhibition Stadium had it all: cold and rain and shivering fans. "Enough's enough", declared two sports nuts, vowing to build a dome". Toronto Star.
  3. ^ Lott, John, and McGrath, Kaitlyn (May 8, 2020). "Inside the Ex: Tales from the Blue Jays' ugly, quirky, yet lovable first home". The Athletic. Retrieved November 6, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Beard, Randy (April 25, 1979). "Blizzard Hope Revenge Snowballs The Rowdies". Evening Independent. p. 1C. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  5. ^ Beard, Randy (May 4, 1984). "Down 3 more teams, but NASL is stronger". Evening Independent. p. 6C. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  6. ^ "1985 CNE Grandstand Performers". Cnearchives.com. Archived from the original on June 5, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
  7. ^ "'To Cost Over 4 Million,' Asks Grandstand Probe". The Globe and Mail. September 21, 1948.
  8. ^ "Fireworks Over CNE: Council Would Let Ex Boss Grandstand, Field; Fiery Aldermen Object". The Globe and Mail. November 2, 1948.
  9. ^ Coleman, Jim (September 29, 1948). "By Jim Coleman". The Globe and Mail.
  10. ^ Tumpane, Frank (December 7, 1949). "Sweet reason". The Globe and Mail.
  11. ^ "Spring Rehabilitation: Offer to Improve CNE Sports Field For 1950 Grey Cup". The Globe and Mail. December 7, 1949.
  12. ^ "Almost Pigeon-Proof; CNE Grandstand Ready". The Globe and Mail. August 2, 1948. p. 5.
  13. ^ Westall, Stanley (August 5, 1960). "With $450,000 Stake the City couldn't lose, it was said, but it did". The Globe and Mail.
  14. ^ "CNE Stadium Muddle". The Globe and Mail. November 24, 1959.
  15. ^ Toronto Argonauts 1959 Fact Book, inside front cover.
  16. ^ Teitel, Jay (1983). The Argo Bounce. Toronto, Ontario: Lester and Orpen Dennys. pp. 54–55. ISBN 0-88619-033-9.
  17. ^ "Argos Smothered By Cardinals And Lose Norm Stoneburgh". Canadian Press. August 6, 1959. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
  18. ^ "History - Grey Cup - 1970". Canadian Football League website. Canadian Football League. Archived from the original on August 23, 2010. Retrieved November 23, 2012.
  19. ^ "Sports to boom at CNE stadium with mod sod". Toronto Star. January 26, 1972. p. 14.
  20. ^ "Estimate was $625,000: CNE artificial sod to cost $475,000". Toronto Star. March 29, 1972. p. 45.
  21. ^ a b c Simpson, Jeff (February 27, 1974). "Work could start this fall: Metro votes 23 to 6 to enlarge the CNE Stadium". The Globe and Mail.
  22. ^ 1688 to 1923: Geloso, Vincent, A Price Index for Canada, 1688 to 1850 (December 6, 2016). Afterwards, Canadian inflation numbers based on Statistics Canada tables 18-10-0005-01 (formerly CANSIM 326-0021) "Consumer Price Index, annual average, not seasonally adjusted". Statistics Canada. Retrieved April 17, 2021. and table 18-10-0004-13 "Consumer Price Index by product group, monthly, percentage change, not seasonally adjusted, Canada, provinces, Whitehorse, Yellowknife and Iqaluit". Statistics Canada. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
  23. ^ MacCarl, Neil (June 5, 1976). "CNE Stadium: $17.8 million home for baseball". Toronto Star.
  24. ^ Best, Michael (July 18, 1977). "Blue Jays score in millions for Metro". Toronto Star.
  25. ^ Kirkland, Bruce (July 2, 1977). "Forum music, CNE noise: Will they ever co-exist?". Toronto Star.
  26. ^ a b Lowry, Phillip (2005). Green Cathedrals. New York City: Walker & Company. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.
  27. ^ Macleod, Robert (September 25, 2015). "Paul Beeston heads for the bench". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  28. ^ Smith, Curt (2001). Storied Stadiums. New York City: Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-1187-6.
  29. ^ Illustration at: "Exhibition Stadium". Retrieved June 4, 2014.
  30. ^ "Remembering the game that Earl Weaver forfeited at Exhibition Stadium". January 23, 2013.
  31. ^ Bradbeer, Janice (March 31, 2016). "Once Upon A City: Mistake by the Lake's troubled place in Toronto history | The Star". The Toronto Star.
  32. ^ "Tigers in a Fog as Blue Jays romp to win". Montreal Gazette. Canadian Press. June 13, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
  33. ^ Canadian Football League, Canada.
  34. ^ Paikin, Steve (October 22, 2016). Paikin on Ontario's Premiers 2-Book Bundle: Bill Davis / Paikin and the Premiers. Dundurn. p. 785. ISBN 978-1-4597-3833-1.
  35. ^ Miller, David (October 7, 1984). Battle Is On for Right to Build Our Domed Stadium. Toronto Star. pg A1, A13.
  36. ^ "Historicist: The Road to SkyDome". Torontoist. June 13, 2009.
  37. ^ Kreikenbohm, Philip (June 5, 2019). "WWF Xperience 1996". The Internet Wrestling Database. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
  38. ^ Woolsey, Garth (May 30, 2009). "Toronto's dome turns 20". Toronto Star. Retrieved August 5, 2009.
  39. ^ "Chevrolet Beach Volleyball Centre | Toronto 2015 Pan Am / Parapan American Games". Archived from the original on April 27, 2014.
  40. ^ Woosley, Garth (October 17, 1985). "IT'S OVER!". The Toronto Star. p. BJ1. Retrieved January 29, 2024 – via Proquest.
  41. ^ Miller, David; Brehl, Robert; Cheney, Paul (August 29, 1986). "Record 65,000, holler for Hulk". The Toronto Star. pp. A1, A12. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  42. ^ "1985 ALCS Game 1 - Kansas City Royals vs. Toronto Blue Jays". Retrosheet. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
  43. ^ "1985 ALCS Game 2 - Kansas City Royals vs. Toronto Blue Jays". Retrosheet. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
  44. ^ "1985 ALCS Game 6 - Kansas City Royals vs. Toronto Blue Jays". Retrosheet. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
  45. ^ "1985 ALCS Game 7 - Kansas City Royals vs. Toronto Blue Jays". Retrosheet. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
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Events and tenants
Preceded by
first ballpark
 Home of the
Toronto Blue Jays
1977–1989 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Home of the
Toronto Argonauts
1959–1988 		Succeeded by
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