Caracol (French pronunciation: [kaʁakɔl]; Haitian Creole: Karakòl) is a commune in the Trou-du-Nord Arrondissement, in the Nord-Est department of Haiti. It has 6,236 inhabitants.
Caracol
Karakòl | |
|---|---|
  Caracol Location in Haiti | |
| Coordinates: 19°41′34″N 72°1′05″W / 19.69278°N 72.01806°W | |
| Country | Haiti |
| Department | Nord-Est |
| Arrondissement | Trou-du-Nord |
| Elevation | 3 m (10 ft) |
| Population (7 August 2003)[1] | |
• Total | 6,236 |
Caracol Industrial Park
editBackground
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Prior to the 2010 earthquake, Bill Clinton was named special envoy to Haiti by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, whose connections with the South Korean company Sae-A Trading Co. Ltd were later put to work in the planning of the park.[2] On May 24, 2010, the Haiti Economic Lift Program (HELP) was signed into US law, ensuring preferential tariffs for Haitian-produced garments.[3] On October 22, 2012 Hillary Clinton gave the keynote speech as acting US Secretary of State for the opening of the industrial park.[2][4][5]
Projections
editThe anchor tenant is S & H Global, S.A, a subsidiary of Sae-A Trading Co. Ltd., a global clothing manufacturer headquartered in South Korea.[6][7] It began operations in the fall of 2012; a work force of 20,000 was projected for that year.[8] The eventual workforce was projected to approach 60,000 by 2017 and ultimately 100,000 workers.[9] This would result in an estimated tenfold expansion of population in the area to about 300,000 from its present 30,000. Social and environmental disruption was anticipated as the result of this hastily planned project.[7][8]
Construction
editIn 2012 the Caracol Industrial Park was built on a square mile, 600 acre, 252 hectare site near Caracol over a former labor camp used by United States Marines during the United States occupation of Haiti.[9] The facility has some of the best constructed infrastructure in Haiti.[9] The $300 million project, which was to include a 10-megawatt power plant, road, a water-treatment plant, worker housing in neighboring communities, and development of a port in nearby Fort-Liberté, was built with hurricane relief funds, a loan from the Inter-American Development Bank,[10] contributions by the United States government, and the Clinton Foundation.[11][12] As of 2013, 1.7 of the projected 10 megawatts were being supplied by the power plant.[13]
Results
editSince its opening, factory conditions have become a source of significant criticism, particularly concerning living wages and housing.[13][2][8] Although the minimum wage was raised over US Embassy, US AID, and US State Department opposition,[14][15][16] garment factories across the country, including at Caracol Industrial Park, were not applying the law in late 2013.[13][17][18]
The numbers of those employed was much smaller than estimated, with only 5,479 full-time employees in 2017, with investments for the park costing about $55,000 USD per job, thirty times 2,900% more than annual salary of each worker.[9] In April 2019, 13,000 people were employed at the Caracol industrial Park. At this time, S&H Global decided not to expand their production capacity in Haiti as they had planned. According to Haïti Libre, beyond management and security problems, this was most likely due to a lower house vote approving a 78.5% increase in the Haitian minimum wage for workers in the sector. At the same time, the Interamerican Development Bank decided to withdraw a $31 million pledge made in 2015 for expansion of the site.[19]
Communal Sections
editThe commune consists of two communal sections, namely:
References
edit- ^ Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d'Informatique (IHSI)
- ^ a b c Johnston, Jake (January 16, 2014). "Outsourcing Haiti: How disaster relief became a disaster of its own". Boston Review. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
- ^ "HR 5160: Haiti Economic Lift Program". govtrack. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ Hillary Clinton (October 22, 2012). "Remarks at the Caracol Industrial Park Opening Ceremony". US Department of State. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
- ^ Susana Ferreira; Andrew Quinn (22 October 2012). "Clintons preside at star-studded opening of Haitian industrial park". Reuters. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ "New industrial park in Haiti" (Slide 4 of slideshow). The Miami Herald. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
- ^ a b Jacqueline Charles (June 4, 2012). "New industrial park in northern Haiti sparks controversy". The Miami Herald. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- ^ a b c Deborah Sontag (July 5, 2012). "Earthquake Relief Where Haiti Wasn't Broken". The New York Times. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- ^ a b c d Katz, Jonathan M. "The King and Queen of Haiti". POLITICO Magazine. Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2021-05-28.
- ^ "Haiti and its partners lay the foundation stone for the Caracol Industrial Park" (Press release). Inter-American Development Bank. November 28, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
- ^ Katz, Jonathan (May 4, 2015). "The King and Queen of Haiti". Politico. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
- ^ Katz, Jonathan (2013). The Big Truck That Went By: How the World Came to Save Haiti and Left Behind a Disaster. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-230-34187-6.
- ^ a b c Claire Lauterbach; Elaine Zuckerman (2013). "Caracol Industrial Park Social and Gender Impacts of Year One of Haiti's newest IFI - funded Industrial Park" (PDF). GenderAction. Gender Action. pp. 18, 35. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ CEPR staff (January 12, 2012). "Ten Things Cheryl Mills May Prefer You Not Know About Haiti Today". CEPR: Center for Economic Policy and Research. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
- ^ Dan Coughlin; Kim Ives (June 1, 2011). "WikiLeaks Haiti: Let Them Live on $3 a Day". The Nation. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
- ^ Dan Coughlin; Kim Ives (25 May 2011). "Washington Backed Famous Brand-Name Contractors in Fight Against Haiti's Minimum Wage Increase". Haiti Liberté. Vol. 4, no. 45. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
- ^ Regan, Jane (December 3, 2013). "Wage Hike in Haiti Doesn't Address Factory Abuses". InterPress Service. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
- ^ Katz, Jonathan (September 10, 2013). "A glittering industrial park in Haiti falls short". Al Jazeera. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
In fact, the question of minimum wage could be another drag on investors' interest. Under a recently enacted law, the minimum wage should now be roughly $6.85 a day for garment work. But factory owners have simply refused to pay the higher wages. A recent survey by the International Labor Organization found not a single factory in Haiti currently complying with the new law. Sae-A declined to comment on particulars, stating only that its employees "are compensated in accordance with local laws and regulations."
- ^ "Les coréens à Caracol, transfert leurs projets d'extension en RD". Haïti Libre (in French). 2 April 2019.