Quintus Remmius Palaemon[1] or Quintus Rhemnius Fannius Palaemon[2] was a Roman grammarian and a native of Vicentia. He lived during the reigns of Emperors Tiberius and Claudius.
Life
editFrom Suetonius,[3] we learn that he was originally a slave who obtained his freedom and taught grammar at Rome.[4] Suetonius preserves several anecdotes of his profligate and arrogant character.[4] He was said to be so steeped in luxury that he bathed several times a day. Tiberius and Claudius both felt he was too dissolute to allow boys and young men to be entrusted to him. He referred to the great grammarian Varro as a "pig". However, he had a remarkable memory and wrote poetry in unusual meters, and he enjoyed a great reputation as a teacher;[4] Quintilian and Persius are said to have been his pupils.[4]
Works
editHis lost Ars,[5] a system of grammar much used in his own time and largely drawn upon by later grammarians, contained rules for correct diction, illustrative quotations and discussed barbarisms and solecisms.[4][6] An extant Ars grammatica (discovered by Jovianus Pontanus in the 15th century) and other unimportant treatises on similar subjects have been wrongly ascribed to him.[4]
Among Palaemon's ascribed works is a Song on Weights and Measures (Carmen de Ponderibus et Mensuris)[7][2] now dated to between the late 4th and early 6th centuries.[8][9] In this poem, first edited in 1528,[10] the term gramma is used for a weight equal to two oboli.[11] (Two oboli—a diobol—corresponds to 1/24th of a Roman ounce or about 1.14 grams.) This eventually led to the adoption of the term gram as a unit of weight (poids, later of mass) by the French National Convention in 1795.
References
editCitation
edit- ^ Kolendo (1984).
- ^ a b Burman (1731).
- ^ Suetonius, De Grammaticis, 23.
- ^ a b c d e f Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 523.
- ^ Juvenal, 7.215.
- ^ Juvenal, 6.452.
- ^ PLM, 5.71–82.
- ^ F. Hultsch, Metrologicorum scriptorum reliquiae 2, 1866, 88-98.
- ^ J. Gruber, "Carmen de ponderibus et mensuris" in Der Neue Pauly (2006 [1964]).
- ^ Johann, Setzer, Aurelij Cornelij Celsi, De re medica, libri octo eruditissimi. Q. Sereni Samonici Praecepta medica, uersibus hexametris. Q. Rhemnij Fannij Palaemonis, De ponderibus [et] mensuris, liber rarus [et] utilissimus. (in Latin)
- ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; et al. (1879), "gramma", A Latin Dictionary.
Bibliography
edit- Burman, Pieter [Petrus Burmannus] (1731), Poetae Latini Minores sive Gratii Falisci Cynegeticon, M. Aurelii Olympii Nemesiani Cynegeticon, Et Ejusdem Eclogae IV, T. Calpurnii Siculi Eclogae VII, Claudii Rutilii Numatiani Iter, Q. Serenus Samonicus De Medicina, Vindicianus sive Marcellus De Medicina, Q. Rhemnius Fannius Palaemon De Ponderibus & Mensuris, et Sulpiciae Satyra cum integris Doctorum Virorum Notis & quorumdam excerptis, vol. Vols. I & II, Leiden: Conrad Wishoff & Daniël Gödval
{{citation}}: External link in|volume= - Marschall, C. (1887), De Remmii Palaemonis Libris Grammaticis. (in Latin)
- Kolendo, J. (1984), "De Q. Remmio Palaemone Grammatico et Agricola", Meander, pp. 407–418. (in Latin)
- Nettleship, Henry (1886), "Latin Grammar in the First Century", Journal of Philology.
- Olenic, R.M. (1963), "Reconstitution de l'Ars grammatica de Q. Remmius Palémon", Problèmes de Philologie Classique, vol. III, Lvov: Univ. I. Franka, pp. 98–107.
- Sandys, John Edwin (1906), History of Classical Scholarship, 2nd ed..