Carrabelle is a city in Franklin County along Florida's Panhandle, United States. It is located east of Apalachicola at the mouth of the Carrabelle River on the Gulf of Mexico. The population was 2,606 as of the 2020 census.
Carrabelle, Florida | |
|---|---|
| City of Carrabelle | |
 City entrance sign | |
| Motto: "Get hooked" | |
 Location in Franklin County and the state of Florida | |
  Carrabelle, Florida Location in the United States  Carrabelle, Florida Carrabelle, Florida (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 29°51′14″N 84°39′57″W / 29.85389°N 84.66583°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Florida |
| County | Franklin |
| Settled (Rio Carrabella)[1] | 1877 |
| Incorporated | May 11, 1893 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Commission–Manager |
| • Mayor | Brenda J. La Paz |
| • Commissioners | Anthony Millender, Sebrina Brown, Russel Walden, and William Gray |
| • City Asministrator | Courtney Dempsey |
| • City Clerk | Keisha Messer |
| • City Attorney | Daniel Hartman |
| Area | |
• Total | 5.93 sq mi (15.35 km2) |
| • Land | 4.79 sq mi (12.40 km2) |
| • Water | 1.14 sq mi (2.95 km2) |
| Elevation | 26 ft (8 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 2,606 |
| • Density | 544.39/sq mi (210.18/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP Code | 32322 |
| Area code | 850 |
| FIPS code | 12-10725[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 0280069[5] |
| Website | www |
 | |
History
editIn 1528, the first Spanish expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez passed through the area on its way from Tampa Bay to the Rio Grande. From the late 17th century through early 18th century, a few passages referring to the area are mentioned. Carrabelle, Dog Island, and St. George Island served as points to stage raids on local ports, as well as San Marcos de Apalache in 1677 and 1682.
In 1876, explorer Nathaniel Holmes Bishop of Medford, Massachusetts, navigated the Crooked River through the lowlands east to the Ochlockonee River. In 1877, Oliver Hudson Kelley from Massachusetts founded the town and named it "Rio Carrabella", after his niece, Caroline Hall.[1] The following year, the first U.S. post office was established with its address as Rio Carrabella. Hall served as the town's first postmaster. The Town of Carrabelle was incorporated on December 24, 1881.
In 1891, the Carrabelle, Tallahassee and Georgia Railroad was established to connect Carrabelle northward through Tallahassee to the Florida-Georgia line, eventually terminating in Augusta, Georgia.[6]
The city was chartered and incorporated by the Florida Legislature in May 1893.
On August 1, 1899, the 2nd hurricane of the season struck the area, almost destroying the town and leaving just nine homes.[7]
In 1942, Camp Gordon Johnston was opened for the purpose of training amphibious soldiers on nearby beaches. The camp trained a quarter of a million men and closed in 1946.
On August 23, 2008, Tropical Storm Fay made its record fourth landfall in the state of Florida at Carrabelle.
Geography
edit.png)
Carrabelle is located east of the center of Franklin County along the Carrabelle River and on St. James Island, between St. George Sound to the south and the Crooked and New rivers to the north. To the south is Dog Island, separating St. George Sound from the Gulf of Mexico.
U.S. Route 98 passes through Carrabelle, leading west 22 miles (35 km) to Apalachicola and northeast 30 miles (48 km) to Medart. Tallahassee, the state capital, is 54 miles (87 km) to the northeast.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Carrabelle has a total area of 5.6 square miles (14.6 km2), of which 4.5 square miles (11.7 km2) is land and 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2), or 20.12%, is water.[8]
Carrabelle is the eastern terminus of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.
Climate
editThe climate for the City of Carrabelle is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Carrabelle has a humid subtropical climate zone, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 482 | — | |
| 1900 | 923 | 91.5% | |
| 1910 | 900 | −2.5% | |
| 1920 | 1,055 | 17.2% | |
| 1930 | 920 | −12.8% | |
| 1940 | 1,019 | 10.8% | |
| 1950 | 970 | −4.8% | |
| 1960 | 1,146 | 18.1% | |
| 1970 | 1,044 | −8.9% | |
| 1980 | 1,304 | 24.9% | |
| 1990 | 1,200 | −8.0% | |
| 2000 | 1,303 | 8.6% | |
| 2010 | 2,778 | 113.2% | |
| 2020 | 2,606 | −6.2% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[9] | |||
The population of Carrabelle rose from 1,303 in 2000 to 2,778 in 2010 with the expansion of the city limits to the northeast to include the Franklin Correctional Institution.
2010 and 2020 census
edit| Race | Pop 2010[10] | Pop 2020[11] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White (NH) | 1,724 | 1,567 | 62.06% | 60.13% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 754 | 707 | 27.14% | 27.13% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 7 | 4 | 0.25% | 0.15% |
| Asian (NH) | 11 | 6 | 0.40% | 0.23% |
| Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH) | 1 | 0 | 0.04% | 0.00% |
| Some other race (NH) | 0 | 16 | 0.00% | 0.61% |
| Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) | 40 | 77 | 1.44% | 2.95% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 241 | 229 | 8.68% | 8.79% |
| Total | 2,778 | 2,606 |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 2,606 people, 503 households, and 300 families residing in the city.[12]
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 2,778 people, 878 households, and 489 families residing in the city.[13]
2000 census
editAs of the census of 2000, there were 1,303 people, 562 households, and 370 families residing in the city. The population density was 349.2 inhabitants per square mile (134.8/km2). There were 790 housing units at an average density of 211.7 per square mile (81.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 91.48% White, 5.68% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.84% from other races, and 1.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.61% of the population.
In 2000, there were 562 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. Of all households 30.6% were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.83.
In 2000, in the city the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $23,749, and the median income for a family was $27,955. Males had a median income of $26,719 versus $19,018 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,677. About 14.8% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 24.2% of those age 65 or over.
Notable people
edit
- Richard W. Ervin, Jr. (1905–2004), born in Carrabelle, was the Florida Attorney General from 1949 to 1964, and he served as chief justice of the Florida Supreme Court from 1969 to 1971[14]
- Caroline Hall, after whom the town was named and who served as the town's first postmistress, was one of the eight founders of The Grange.
- John Jordan "Buck" O'Neil (1911–2006), born in Carrabelle, was a distinguished Negro league baseball player and coach for the champion Kansas City Monarchs who, later, worked as a scout for the Chicago Cubs. With his gentle demeanor, he highlighted the work of African-Americans before their integration into the previously "whites only" world of Major League Baseball. He gained a national spotlight during his interviews with Ken Burns' PBS documentary named Baseball[15]
- John Robinson, aviator[16]
- Jack Rudloe, a writer and naturalist and cofounder of the Gulf Specimen Marine Laboratory at nearby Panacea, Florida – moved to Carabelle at age 14 and lived there for two years. As a young man from the city, he was profoundly and positively affected by his experiences after moving and living there and has maintained his ties to the community[17]
Attractions and geological features
edit- Boat Parade of Lights
- Camp Gordon Johnston Museum
- Carrabelle Beach
- Carrabelle History Museum
- Carrabelle–Thompson Airport
- Carrabelle Riverfront Festival
- Crooked River Lighthouse
- Historic deepwater fishing village
- McKissack Ponds, five small ponds owned by Franklin County, near the Carrabelle–Thompson Airport
- St. James Bay Golf Club
- Tate's Hell State Forest
- Waterway to Dog Island, St George Sound, and eastern start point to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway
- World's Smallest Police Station
World's Smallest Police Station
edit
Carrabelle is the home of the "World's Smallest Police Station",[18] which came into being on March 10, 1963. The city had been having problems with tourists making unauthorized long-distance phone calls on its police phone. The phone was located in a call box that was bolted to a building at the corner of U.S. 98 and Tallahassee Street. Johnnie Mirabella, St. Joe Telephone's lone Carrabelle employee at the time, first tried moving the call box to another building, but the illegal calls continued.
Mirabella noticed that the policeman would get drenched while answering phone calls when it was raining. So when the telephone company decided to replace its worn-out phone booth in front of Burda's Pharmacy, he decided to solve both problems at once by putting the police phone in the old booth.
With the help of Curly Messer, who was a deputy sheriff at the time, Mirabella moved the phone booth to its current site on U.S. 98. The booth did protect the officers from the elements, but some people still sneaked into it to make long-distance calls. Eventually the dial was removed from the phone, making it impossible for tourists to make calls.
It has been featured on television shows Real People, Ripley's Believe It or Not!, The Today Show, and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. It was featured in the movie Tate's Hell, which was produced at Florida State University. Along with police station T-shirts—the design is copyrighted—there are police station hats, visors, postcards, and calendars.
But life has not always been easy for the retired St. Joseph Telephone and Telegraph Company phone booth. Vandals have ripped phones out of the booth and shot holes through the glass. It has been knocked over by a pickup truck, a tourist once asked a gas station attendant to help him load it into his vehicle to take it back to Tennessee, and it was knocked over and damaged by Hurricane Kate.[19] Today a replica still stands on the original spot along US Highway 98 in downtown Carrabelle. The original World's Smallest Police Station is safely housed and on display at the Carrabelle History Museum at 106 SE Avenue B, Carrabelle, FL.
Museums
edit
Carrabelle has a local history museum, the Carrabelle History Museum, which is located at 106 SE Avenue B, in the historic Marvin Justiss building, also known as "Old City Hall". The museum is free and open on Wednesday and Sunday from 12 pm to 5 pm and on Thursday, Friday and Saturday from 10 am to 5 pm and by appointment other days, for visitors interested in learning about the history and culture of Carrabelle and the surrounding area.[20] The Camp Gordon Johnston World War II Museum is located at 1873 Highway 98 West, across the street from Carrabelle Public Beach, and admission is free.[21] The museum was named after Colonel Gordon Johnston, an American soldier who served in the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War and World War I.
Crooked River Lighthouse, constructed in 1895, is located 2 miles (3 km) west of town, just past the Carrabelle Beach RV Park. It is the tallest lighthouse on the Forgotten Coast, standing 103 feet tall. The Carrabelle Lighthouse Association manages the Keeper's House Museum and a gift shop.
Education
editCarrabelle is a part of the Franklin County Schools system. Students attend the Franklin County K–12 School in Eastpoint, Florida, that was built in 2008.[22]
Government and infrastructure
editFranklin Correctional Institution, a prison of the Florida Department of Corrections, is within the city of Carrabelle.
Gallery
edit-
Carrabelle City Hall and Police Department -
Current image of the Carrabelle History Museum -
-
Current photo of the Camp Gordon Johnston WWII Museum across from Carrabelle Beach (the museum moved to a new location in 2018).
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "History". City of Carrabelle, Florida. Archived from the original on June 30, 2015. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on March 18, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on March 20, 2010. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Gulf Pirate: History of Carrabelle & Franklin County". Archived from the original on September 24, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2008.
- ^ "Destrucution in Florida – Three Towns Completely Annialiated by Cyclone Wednesday – Many Vessels Total Wrecks – Unidentified Bodies are Found in the Debris – Losses Over a Million Dollars," Archived March 31, 2021, at the Wayback Machine The New York Times, August 5, 1899
- ^ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001), Carrabelle city, Florida". American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on October 3, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Carrabelle city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Carrabelle city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: Carrabelle city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: Carrabelle city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "Richard William Ervin Jr". www.legacy.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
- ^ "Buck O'Neil Education and Research Center – Making the Negro Leagues the Center of Attention," Archived April 16, 2019, at the Wayback Machine Negro Leagues Baseball Museum (retrieved April 16, 2019)
- ^ Tucker, Phillip Thomas (2012). Father of the Tuskegee airmen, John C. Robinson (1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books, Inc. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-59797-487-5.
- ^ Rudloe, J, The Sea Brings Forth. Kindle Edition 2015, Location 515
- ^ "World's Smallest Police Station," Archived June 26, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Carrabelle Area Chamber of Commerce (retrieved October 18, 2002)
- ^ "World's Smallest Police Station," Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine City of Carrabelle (retrieved June 25, 2015)
- ^ "Carrabelle History Museum | Carrabelle Cares". www.carrabellehistorymuseum.org. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
- ^ "Camp Gordon Johnston Association". Archived from the original on February 28, 2014. Retrieved September 22, 2011.
- ^ "Education," Archived July 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Carrabelle Chamber of Commerce (retrieved on or before October 18, 2002)
External links
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