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Casa Grande-class dock landing ship

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The Casa Grande class was a class of dock landing ships used by the Royal Navy and the United States Navy during the Second World War. Nineteen ships were planned, but two, USS Fort Snelling and USS Point Defiance were cancelled before being completed.

USS Cabildo c. 1950s
Class overview
NameCasa Grande class
Builders
Operators
Preceded byAshland-class dock landing ship
Succeeded byThomaston-class dock landing ship
Planned19
Completed17
Cancelled2
Retired17
General characteristics
TypeDock landing ship
Displacement
  • 4,032 tons (light)
  • 7,930 tons (seagoing)
Length
  • 454 ft (138 m) at waterline
  • 457 ft 9 in (139.52 m) oa
Beam72 ft 2 in (22.00 m)
Draught15 ft 10 in (4.83 m)
Propulsion
  • 2-shaft turbines, 2 boilers
  • 7,000 shp (LSD13-21 and 25-27)
  • 9,000 shp (LSD22-24)
Speed15.6 knots (18.0 mph; 28.9 km/h)
Range7,400 nmi (13,700 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h)
Boats & landing
craft carried
  • One of the following arrangements:
    • 3 × LCT Mark V or VI or
    • 2 × LCT Mark III or IV or
    • 14 × LCM Mark III or
    • 41 × LVT or
    • 47 × DUKWs
Capacity1,500 tons of cargo (if not carrying boats)
Complement17 officers and 237 men
Armament
  • 1 × 5"/38 guns
  • 12 × 40 mm Bofors guns (2 × 2), (2 × 4)
  • 16 × 20mm guns

Design

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The 'Landing Ship Dock' or LSD developed from a British staff requirement for a type of self-propelled drydock to transport beaching craft over long distances, that would in turn deliver trucks and supplies onto the beach.[1] A flooding deck aft capable of holding either two of the larger British Landing craft tanks (LCTs) or three of the new US LCTs was included in the designs.[1] With the option of fitting extra decks, large numbers of vehicles could be transported, and loaded into landing craft via ramps. Despite an initial specification for a speed of 17 knots (20 mph; 31 km/h), the LSDs were capable of only 15.6 knots (18.0 mph; 28.9 km/h).[1]

Service

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The British initially ordered seven of the class from US dockyards, numbered LSD-9 to 15.[1] Only four were delivered, numbers 9 to 12, while 13 to 15 were retained by the US Navy, which ordered another twelve to the design, but only built ten.[1][2] In total thirteen of the ships served with the US Navy, while four ships served with the Royal Navy.[1]

Ships

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United States Navy

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Ship name Hull number Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Decommissioned Fate
Casa Grande LSD-13 Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia 11 November 1943 11 April 1944 5 June 1944 6 October 1969 Sold for scrap, 6 April 1992
Rushmore LSD-14 31 December 1943 10 May 1944 3 July 1944 30 September 1970 Sunk as a target, 16 April 1993
Shadwell LSD-15 17 January 1944 24 May 1944 24 July 1944 9 March 1970 Scrapped, 2017
Cabildo LSD-16 24 July 1944 22 December 1944 15 March 1945 31 March 1970 Sunk as a target, September 1985
Catamount LSD-17 7 August 1944 27 January 1945 9 April 1945 31 March 1970 Sold for scrap, 4 December 1975
Colonial LSD-18 1 August 1944 28 February 1945 15 May 1945 1970 Sold for scrap, 8 September 1993
Comstock LSD-19 3 January 1945 28 April 1945 2 July 1945 20 April 1970 Transferred to Taiwan, 17 October 1984; sunk as artificial reef on 30 June 2015
Donner LSD-20 Boston Navy Yard 1 December 1944 6 April 1945 31 July 1945 23 December 1970 Sold for scrap, March 2005
Fort Mandan LSD-21 2 January 1945 2 June 1945 31 October 1945 23 January 1971 Transferred to Greece, 23 January 1971; sold for scrap, November 2001
Fort Marion LSD-22 Gulf Shipbuilding Corp., Chickasaw, Alabama 15 September 1944 22 May 1945 29 January 1946 13 February 1970 Transferred to Taiwan, 15 April 1977; sunk as artificial reef, 9 December 2000
Fort Snelling LSD-23 8 November 1944 Never Never Completed as a ferry and renamed SS Carib Queen; sold for scrap, 25 June 1969
Point Defiance LSD-24 28 May 1945 Never Never Cancelled, 17 August 1945; broken up on slipway
San Marcos LSD-25 Philadelphia Navy Yard 1 September 1944 10 January 1945 15 April 1945 1 July 1971 Transferred to Spain, 1 July 1971; scrapped in 1989
Tortuga LSD-26 Boston Navy Yard 16 October 1944 21 January 1945 8 June 1945 26 January 1970 Run aground during storm, 15 December 1987; scrapped, 1988
Whetstone LSD-27 7 April 1945 18 July 1945 12 February 1946 2 April 1970 Sold for scrap, 17 February 1983

Royal Navy

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HMS Highway
Ship name Hull number Builder Laid down Launched Commissioned Decommissioned Fate
Eastway F130 Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia 23 November 1942 21 May 1943 14 November 1943 23 April 1946 Transferred to Greece, 1953; scrapped, 1972
Highway F141 23 November 1942 19 July 1943 19 October 1943 23 April 1946 Sold for scrap, 17 December 1948
Northway F142 24 May 1943 18 November 1943 15 February 1944 1946 Sold to a commercial interest, 19 March 1948; scrapped, 1975
Oceanway F143 23 July 1943 29 December 1943 29 March 1944 1947 Transferred to Greece, March 1947; transferred to France, 1952; sunk as target, 10 February 1970
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  •  
    An LCVP bucks in the well of USS Catamount (LSD-17) during mine clearance operations off Chinnampo, North Korea, in November 1950
  •  
    LVTs embarking British commandos leave USS Fort Marion (LSD-22) for the beach at Sorye Dong, Korea, on 7 April 1951
  •  
    USS Casa Grande (LSD-13) discharging LCU-1491 from her well deck, circa 1957
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    USS San Marcos (LSD-25, front) with USS Donner (LSD-20, rear)
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    Decommissioned USS Shadwell (LSD-15) in Mobile Bay as a Fire Research asset, 2014

Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Gardiner. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. p. 161.
  2. ^ Fighting Ships of World War II. p. 304.

References

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