Cerium(IV) hydroxide, also known as ceric hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ce(OH)4. It is a yellowish powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in concentrated acids.[1]
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
cerium(4+);tetrahydroxide
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| Other names
ceric hydroxide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.441 |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Ce(OH)4 | |
| Appearance | bright yellow solid |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Not classified as hazardous |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations
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lanthanum hydroxide praseodymium hydroxide |
Related compounds
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cerium(III) hydroxide cerium dioxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Production
editCerium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting cerium(III) carbonate and acetic acid, then oxidizing it with hydrogen peroxide in base. The reactions are:[2]
- Ce2(CO3)3 + 6 CH3COOH → 2 Ce(CH3COO)3 + 3 CO2↑ + 3 H2O
- 2 Ce(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2O2 + 4 H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) + 6 CH3COOH
- CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
- 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) → 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑
The net equation is：
- Ce2(CO3)3 + 6 CH3COOH + 3 H2O2 + 6 NaOH —343 K→ 2 Ce(OH)4 + 6 CH3COONa + O2↑ + 3 CO2↑ + 5 H2O
If using cerium(III) nitrate as ingredient, a similar reaction occurs:[3]
- 2 Ce(NO3)3 + 3 H2O2 + 6 NH3·H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH)↓ + 6 NH4NO3 + 2 H2O
- Ce(OH)3(OOH) —Δ→ 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑
It might also prepared by addition of sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to a Ce4+ solution, being obtained as a gelatinous precipitate described as CeO2·xH2O, (x = 0.5–2). Boiling an insoluble Ce4+ salt in NaOH gives granular Ce(OH)4.[1]