Caesium nitrate or cesium nitrate is a salt with the chemical formula CsNO3. An alkali metal nitrate, it is used in pyrotechnic compositions, as a colorant and an oxidizer, e.g. in decoys and illumination flares. The caesium emissions are chiefly due to two powerful spectral lines at 852.113 nm and 894.347 nm.[citation needed]
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.224 |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1451 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| CsNO3 | |
| Molar mass | 194.91 g/mol |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Density | 3.685 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 414 °C (777 °F; 687 K) |
| Boiling point | decomposes, see text |
| 9.16 g/100 ml (0 °C) 196.8 g/100 ml (100 °C) | |
| Solubility in acetone | soluble |
| Solubility in ethanol | slightly soluble |
| Hazards | |
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| Warning | |
| H272, H315, H319, H335 | |
| P210, P220, P221, P280, P370+P378, P501 | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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2390 mg/kg (oral, rat)[2] |
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Other anions
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Caesium nitrite |
Other cations
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Lithium nitrate Sodium nitrate Potassium nitrate Rubidium nitrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Caesium nitrate prisms are used in infrared spectroscopy, in x-ray phosphors, and in scintillation counters.[3] It is also used in making optical glasses and lenses.
As with other alkali metal nitrates, caesium nitrate decomposes on gentle heating to give caesium nitrite:
- 2 CsNO3 → 2 CsNO2 + O2
Caesium also forms two unusual acid nitrates, which can be described as CsNO3·HNO3 and CsNO3·2HNO3 (melting points 100 °C and 36–38 °C respectively).[1]
References
edit- ^ a b Weast, Robert C., ed. (1981). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (62nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. B-92. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8..
- ^ N Iu Tarasenko; E P Lemeshevskaia (1978). "Deĭstvie soedineniĭ tseziia na organizm [Effect of cesium compounds on the body]". Vestn Akad Med Nauk SSSR (in Russian). PMID 695884.
- ^ Budavari, Susan, ed. (2001), The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals (13th ed.), Merck, p. 345, ISBN 0911910131.
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