Chalukya–Chola wars

The Chalukya–Chola Wars were a series of battles that were fought from 992 CE to 1120 CE between the Chola Empire and the Western Chalukya Empire in what is now South India. Most of these conflicts were initiated by the Western Chalukyas who were defeated by the Cholas and forced to return to their capital. These recurring conflicts eventually exhausted as both empire, straining their manpower and material, were left vulnerable to other enemies. More than 1,000,000 people were killed due to direct or indirect consequences of the war. The battles were rages on two fronts: the Western Front in which the capture of Manyakheta and Kalyani were the objectives of the Cholas, and the Eastern Front which centered around Vengi which was strategic for both sides. The west saw the heaviest fighting with Rajendra Chola I leading an army of 900,000 and defeating Jayasimha II at the Battle of Maski (1019 CE-1020 CE). On the Eastern Front, Rajendra Chola led Rajaraja Chola I's army in Vengi and expelled the rulers in battle. Vengi was later the site of the coronation of Rajendra Chola's nephew following his victories in the Chola expedition to North India.

Chola-Chalukya Wars
Date 992-1120 CE Location South India Result Indecisive Battle of Donur (1007 CE) Battle of Koppam (1054 CE) Battle of Kudal-Sangamam (1062 CE) Battle of Vijayawada (1068)
Belligerents
Chola Empire	Western Chalukya Empire
Commanders and leaders
Rajaraja Chola I Rajendra the Great Rajadhiraja Chola I † Rajendra Chola II Virarajendra Chola Athirajendra Chola Kulothunga I Vikrama Chola	Tailapa II Satyashraya Vikramaditya V Jayasimha II Someshwara I Someshvara II Vikramaditya VI
Units involved
Chola Army	Chalukya Army
Strength
900,000+	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Many	Many
Over 1,000,000 civilians killed or enslaved during the war

References

• "Tennaattu Porkalangal" by Ka. Appaturaiyaar
• "VeeraSozhiyam"
• "Kalingattu Parani" by Jayankondaar
• [1] our Karnataka
• Chalukya wiki-Chalukya
• [2] Indian inscriptions, Archaeological Society of India
• "Prabandha-Chintamani" of Merutunga
• Vijnanesvara's " Mitakshara"
• Kirthi Verma's "Govaidya "
• "Ajitapurana and Sahasabhimavijaya" of Ranna
• Bilhana's "Vikramankadeva Charitha"