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Charles Todd Quintard

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Charles Todd Quintard (December 22, 1824 – February 16, 1898)[2] was an American physician and clergyman who became the second bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee and the first Vice-Chancellor of the University of the South.

The Right Reverend

Charles Quintard

M.D., D.D., LL.D.
Bishop of Tennessee
Charles Quintard in about 1860
ChurchEpiscopal Church
DioceseTennessee
ElectedSeptember 7, 1865
In office1865–1898
PredecessorJames Hervey Otey
SuccessorThomas Frank Gailor
Other post(s)Physician, Parish priest, Army chaplain, University vice-chancellor
Orders
OrdinationJanuary 6, 1856
by James Hervey Otey
ConsecrationOctober 11, 1865
by John Henry Hopkins[1]
Personal details
BornDecember 22, 1824
Stamford, Connecticut, United States
DiedFebruary 16, 1898(1898-02-16) (aged 73)
Meridian, Georgia, United States
BuriedSewanee: The University of the South
NationalityAmerican
DenominationAnglican
ParentsIsaac Quintard & Clarissa Hoyt Shaw
SpouseEliza Catherine Hand
Children4
SignatureCharles Quintard's signature
Sainthood
Feast dayFebruary 16
Venerated inEpiscopal Church

Medical career

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He was born in Stamford, Connecticut, to a Huguenot-descended family and attended school in New York City, including medical studies at University Medical College, New York University and Bellevue Hospital, graduating in 1847. Quintard moved to Athens, Georgia, in 1848 to take up a medical practice, then moved to Memphis in 1851 to teach physiology and pathological anatomy at Memphis Medical College. Dr. Quintard's 1854 report on Memphis mortality statistics was covered in The New York Times, including his assessment of the city as being "the first considerable place to be without the range of yellow fever,"[3] a boast that was to prove incorrect in the 1870s, when Memphis experienced several yellow fever epidemics.

Priesthood

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During this time, Quintard became friends with James Hervey Otey, the first bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Tennessee, resulting in his decision to give up the medical profession for the priesthood. A man of strong talents, Quintard studied for holy orders in 1854, was ordained deacon on January 1, 1855 and priest on January 6, 1856. He subsequently served as the rector of Calvary Church in Memphis and at the Church of the Advent in Nashville.

An adherent of the Oxford Movement (1833-1845), Quintard described himself as a "high churchman" and a "ritualist", identifying with Anglicans who were reviving ritual practices associated, in the popular mind, with Roman Catholicism.[4] In fact, the Oxford Movement leaders attempted to call the Anglican Church to its first principles and roots in history and tradition. To what degree Quintard was actually a Ritualist is a matter of debate. None of the Tractarians was a "ritualist," and the ritualism that developed in the Episcopal Church in the South was rather tame during Bishop Quintard's lifetime, compared to that occurring in England and parts of the Northern U.S. then. Like Bishop Otey, he was of the Southern branch of the old High Church or Hobartian group of Episcopalians. The leaders of the Oxford Movement, also called "Tractarians" for the ninety Tracts for the Times they published, rediscovered the Church of the Creed as something more than an institution or an arm of civil power, as they alleged many evangelical and liberal churchmen to believe. Quintard and his generation were deeply moved by the writings of faithful and brilliant Christian intellectuals such as John Keble (d. 1866), Edward Pusey (d. 1882), and John Henry Newman (d. 1890), who guided many Anglicans into a stronger understanding of the Church as a God-made phenomenon and indeed the mystical Body of Christ in the world. Quintard professed to be "Catholic and Reformed" like many Anglicans, and he assumed, in a manner which did not transcend his culture, that the Church of England and its offspring were in fact the historic Catholic Church for English-speaking peoples.

American Civil War

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After the outbreak of the American Civil War, Quintard joined the Rock City Guards, a Nashville militia, as chaplain.[5] He was subsequently nominated by soldiers in the Confederate 1st Tennessee Infantry Regiment, to serve as their chaplain. He accepted this invitation, despite his initial pro-Union stance, and also served as a regimental surgeon.[6] Informally he was known as the Chaplain of the Confederacy. He was the compiler of the Confederate Soldiers' Pocket Manual of Devotions (Charleston, 1863).[7] In 1864, he organized St. Luke's Episcopal Church in Atlanta.[8]

 
Bishop Quintard, wearing the cross of the English Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, which he served as a chaplain for 25 years[9]

The South's first post-war bishop

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Bishop Otey died in 1863, but the Diocese of Tennessee was unable to elect a new leader until after the war, on September 7, 1865, when it selected Quintard as its second bishop. The bishops and lay leaders of the national Episcopal Church confirmed his election the next month at the General Convention in Philadelphia. The subsequent consecration of the South's first post-war bishop was viewed as a sign of healing within the church, as evidenced by this comment in the October 13, 1865 New York Times:

The entire service was one to be long remembered by all who witnessed it, and the occasion was one fraught with interest and importance in the history of the Church, as it marked the first step toward that reunion in the Church consequent upon the rapid march of events and the peace which now happily blesses our whole land. It is to be hoped that the occasion will strengthen that harmony which prevails in the convention, and be productive of beneficial results.[1]

Quintard received honorary doctorates from Columbia College (Doctor of Divinity, 1866) and Cambridge (Doctor of Laws, 1867).[10]

Stewardship of The University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee

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Quintard quickly launched rebuilding efforts in his diocese, which had suffered much physical and emotional distress during the war. He also led efforts to ensure the post-war survival of the fledgling University of the South at Sewanee, Tennessee. As the school's vice-chancellor (the institution's chief executive position, despite the name) Quintard sponsored the establishment of a training school for clergy there in 1866 (the present-day School of Theology, one of the official seminaries of the Episcopal Church) and laid the cornerstone for St. Augustine's Chapel in 1867. He traveled to Northern U.S. dioceses to raise funds for the university and went to England three times with the same purpose, returning with large sums of money and many books for the school's library.[11]

Quintard Hall at the university was given by his brother George W. Quintard in 1900. Until 1908 it was the site of the grammar school, and from then until 1971 it was used by the Sewanee Military Academy, a boys' preparatory school. It is now a co-ed residence hall for the University.[12] The University of the South remains an Episcopal institution and is a nationally-recognized center of liberal arts education.

Cathedral

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The original St. Mary's Cathedral building, Memphis

At the beginning of 1871, Quintard was presented with the first Episcopal cathedral in the South,[13] when the parish church of St. Mary in Memphis symbolically presented him with keys to the building. While the bishop retained his ecclesiastical seat (literally cathedra, in Latin) in Memphis, he continued to live in Sewanee with his family. He ceded the "Bishop's House" on the close of St. Mary's Cathedral to the sisters of the Community of St. Mary for their educational and humanitarian missions.[14]

Quintard believed that his mission was to make the Episcopal Church in Tennessee "a refuge for all—the lame, halt and blind as well as the rich." He opposed parish pew rents, a then-common method of raising funds, and fostered a ministry on behalf of the disadvantaged. Concerned by the effects of industrialization on workers, he established a refuge for the poor in Memphis in 1869, and in 1873 he advocated a plan to assist people lacking food, housing, and education. Quintard started missions for the laborers at foundries in South Pittsburg (1876) and in Chattanooga (1880). Hoping that the Episcopal Church would also expand its evangelistic work among African Americans, he opposed plans to segregate the black congregations of the denomination, and he assisted in the founding of Hoffman Hall, a seminary for African Americans adjacent to Fisk University in Nashville.[15]

Although Bishop Quintard traveled five times to England, helping to mend relations with the Church of England, he also became involved in the Gallican movement in France. This started with an 1875 trip, a gift of his friend Sam Noble, to enroll his son George at a private school in Paris as well as to lead Sam's children Ned and Addie around England, France, Switzerland and Germany. He met the Rev. Morgan Dix of Trinity Church, New York, who was laying a cornerstone for Victoria Chapel, as well as Père Hyacinthe Loyson.[16]

Death and legacy

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Quintard died in February 1898 in Meridian, Georgia, having traveled and stayed there in an effort to improve his health.

Selected works

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "The Episcopal Convention". The New York Times. October 13, 1865. p. 1. Retrieved April 6, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ The Episcopalians, David Hein and Gardiner H. Shattuck Jr. (2004, Praeger Publishers), p. 279
  3. ^ "Medical". The New York Times. April 1, 1854. p. 3. Retrieved April 6, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ The History of the Church in the Diocese of Tennessee. Arthur Howard Noll (1900, James Pott & Co.)
  5. ^ Cannon, Devereaux D. Jr. (Winter 1988). "Flags of the Rock City Guards". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 47 (4): 191–197. JSTOR 42626747.
  6. ^ Doctor Quintard, Chaplain and Second Bishop of Tennessee: Being His Story of the War, 1861-1865 (1905) by Charles Todd Quintard, edited by Arthur Howard Noll, The University Press of Sewanee, Tennessee.
  7. ^ Reproduced at https://archive.org/stream/07794796.3866.emory.edu/07794796_3866#page/n3/mode/2up , retrieved September 6, 2017.
  8. ^ "Saint Luke's Episcopal Church (1864-1964)". Georgia Historical Society. December 4, 2015. Retrieved May 17, 2020.
  9. ^ Heraldry in America, Eugene Zieber, Bailey, Banks & Biddle Company, 1900
  10. ^ "Death List of a Day: Bishop Charles Todd Quintard". The New York Times. February 16, 1898. p. 7. Retrieved April 6, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ Encyclopedia of religion in the South (2005), Charles Reagan Wilson. Mercer University Press.
  12. ^ Quintard Hall The University of the South
  13. ^ http://www.episcopalarchives.org/cgi-bin/ENS/ENSpress_release.pl?pr_number=2000-137 See second-to-last paragraph
  14. ^ St. Mary's Cathedral 1858-1958, John H. Davis [1958], published by the Chapter of St. Mary's Cathedral (Gailor Memorial), Memphis, Tennessee.
  15. ^ The Episcopalians, David Hein and Gardiner H. Shattuck Jr. (2004, Praeger Publishers), p. 280
  16. ^ Richard Neil Greatwood, Charles Todd Quintard (1824-1898): His role and significance in the development of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of Tennessee and in the South (Michigan, University Microforms, Vanderbilt PhD in Religion and HIstory 1977) pp. 140-141
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