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The Chosun Ilbo

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The Chosun Ilbo (Korean: 조선일보, lit. 'Korea Daily Newspaper'), also known as The Chosun Daily, is a Korean-language newspaper of record for South Korea[1][2][3][4][9] and among the oldest active newspapers in the country.[10] With a daily circulation of more than 1,800,000,[11] the Chosun Ilbo has been audited annually since the Audit Bureau of Circulations was established in 1993.[12] Chosun Ilbo and its subsidiary company, Digital Chosun, operate the Chosun.com news website, which also publishes news in English, Chinese, and Japanese.

The Chosun Ilbo
The Chosun Ilbo Building in Gwanghwamun Plaza (2012)
TypeDaily newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)ChosunMedia
Founder(s)Sin Sogu
PresidentBang Sang-Hun
EditorPark Doo-Sik
Founded5 March 1920
Political alignment
LanguageKorean
HeadquartersJung-gu, Seoul, South Korea
Circulation
  • 5,262,070 news subscribers
    • 4,000,000+ digital-only
    • 1,212,208 print
    • 49,862 print for child
Websitechosun.com (in Korean)
english.chosun.com (in English)
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJoseon Ilbo
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn Ilbo

History

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The Chosun Ilbo Establishment Union was created in September 1919. The Chosun Ilbo newspaper was founded on 5 March 1920[10] by Sin Sogu with the financial support of the Daejong Business Association.[13][14] Cho Jin-Tae, the vice-chairman of the Daejong Business Association was appointed the first President of the newspaper in 1920.[15] However, as the Business Association failed to pay promised finances, the relationship between the Association and Chosun Ilbo broke down five months after its founding, and Cho Jin-Tae was replaced by Yoo Moon-Hwan on 15 August 1920.[15]

On 6 April 1921, after only a year of publishing, the Chosun Ilbo went on hiatus due to financial troubles.[15]

On 31 July 1940, the newspaper published "Lessons of American Realism", the fourth part of an editorial series.[16] Ten days later[16] – following issue 6,923 – the paper was declared officially discontinued by the Japanese ruling government. In the twenty years since its founding, the paper had been suspended by the Japanese government four times, and its issues confiscated over five hundred times before 1932.

When Korea gained independence in 1945, the Chosun Ilbo resumed publication after a five-year, three-month hiatus.

On 1 March 1999, Chosun Ilbo announced that starting the following day (2 March 1999), it would be switching to the horizontal left-to-right writing style already adopted by most other newspapers by the time, ahead of the paper's 79th anniversary.[17] It also made a commitment to preserve and continue using hanja characters despite the change. Consequently, the 1 March 1999 issue (Issue No. 24305) became the last issue of Chosun Ilbo written in the vertical right-to-left style and the last mainstream Korean paper that published in the style. All issues since 2 March 1999 have been in the modern horizontal left-to-right style.

Subsidiaries

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Besides the daily newspaper, the company also publishes the Weekly Chosun, the Monthly Chosun, Digital Chosun, Edu-Chosun, and ChosunBiz.

Controversies

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See also: Chojoongdong

The Chosun Ilbo has historically taken a hardline stance against North Korea. For example, it opposed South Korean President Kim Dae-jung's Sunshine Policy, aimed at engaging North Korea through cooperation, mitigating the gap in economic power and restoring lost communication between the two Koreas. For this reason, the newspaper has attracted heavy criticism and threats from the North.[13]

On 6 April 2019, Deutsche Welle described The Chosun Ilbo as "an outlet notorious for its dubious and politically motivated" reporting on North Korea.[18]

On 31 May 2019, the newspaper reported that, based on "an unidentified source", the head diplomat of North Korea's nuclear envoy Kim Hyok-chol, had been executed by a North Korean Government firing squad.[19][20][21][22][23][24] However, two days later, on 2 June 2019, the top diplomat was seen at a concert sitting a few seats away from North Korea's leader Kim Jong-un.[25][26][27]

The Educational Broadcasting System's popular instructor Choi Tae-seong, sued a Chosun Ilbo reporter for publishing an article that defamed him as a supporter of North Korea.[28]

The Chosun Ilbo has been accused of being "chinilbanminjokhaengwi" (친일반민족행위, 親日反民族行爲, "pro-Japanese anti-nationalist activist"), because of controversy over its advocacy of the Korea under Japanese rule.[8] In 2005, the South Korean government and Korean nationalist civic activists investigated whether Chosun Ilbo 'collaborated' with the Japanese Empire.[7] The Chosun Ilbo published articles described[by whom?] as excessively praising the Imperial House of Japan every year from 1938 to 1940. Until 1987, the newspaper had reported favorably on South Korea's military dictatorships.[5]

In 2002, the prosecution sought a sentence of 7 years in prison and a fine of 12 billion won for Chosun Ilbo Chairman Bang Sang-hoon, who was indicted on charges of tax evasion and embezzlement. Chairman Bang was accused of evading 6.2 billion won in gift and corporate taxes, as well as embezzling 4.5 billion won in company funds. He was arrested in August of the previous year but was released on bail and has been on trial since. On June 29, 2006, he was indicted for evading 2.35 billion won in gift taxes by transferring 65,000 shares of Chosun Ilbo to his son through a nominal trust, and for misusing 2.57 billion won in company funds under the names of family members to increase capital in affiliates like Jogwang Publishing and Sports Chosun. The Supreme Court sentenced Chairman Bang to 3 years in prison with a 4-year suspended sentence and a fine of 2.5 billion won for tax evasion and the misappropriation of company funds.[29]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b until 1987
  2. ^ a b until 1940, it was forcibly closed from 1940 to 1945.

References

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  1. ^ a b Burrett, Tina; Kingston, Jeff (2020). Press Freedom in Contemporary Asia. New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN 9781138584839.
  2. ^ a b Lee, Sangwon; Paik, Jihyun (2017). "How partisan newspapers represented a pandemic: the case of the Middle East respiratory syndrome in South Korea". Asian Journal of Communication. 27 (1): 82–96. doi:10.1080/01292986.2016.1235592. S2CID 152142220.
  3. ^ a b Jo, Wonkwang; You, Myoungsoon (2019). "News media's framing of health policy and its implications for government communication: A text mining analysis of news coverage on a policy to expand health insurance coverage in South Korea". Health Policy. 123 (11): 1116–1124. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.07.011. PMID 31495561. S2CID 199026467.
  4. ^ a b Kim, Kisun; Shahin, Saif (2019). "Ideological parallelism: toward a transnational understanding of the protest paradigm". Social Movement Studies. 19 (4): 391–407. doi:10.1080/14742837.2019.1681956. S2CID 210459297.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "친일·독재 찬양 흑역사는 쏙 뺀 조선일보의 '반쪽 100년사'" [Chosun Ilbo's '100-Year History of the Half', Excluding the Dark History of Praise of Pro-Japanese and Dictatorship]. The Hankyoreh. 10 March 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2023. . 일제강점기엔 일왕 생일 충성 맹세 / 5·16쿠데타 비호, 5·18 항쟁 먹칠 / 김일성 사망 오보 34년 만에 정정 / 고비마다 진실 비틀며 왜곡 일삼다.. [.Pledge of allegiance on the birthday of the emperor during the Japanese colonial era / Protection of the 5/16 coup d'état, disgrace of the 5/18 uprising / Misinformation on the death of Kim Il-sung corrected after 34 years / Twisted and distorted the truth at every juncture...]
  6. ^ 강준만, ed. (1998). 지식 권력도 교체하자. 개마 고원. p. 302. ISBN 9788985548267.
  7. ^ a b (pt. 1-3) 친일반민족행위 결정 이유서. 대통령소속친일반민족행위진상규명위원회. 2007. p. 2411.
  8. ^ a b 조선일보 반민족・반통일 행위에 대한 민간 법정 추진 위원회, ed. (2002). 조선일보 반민족・반통일 행위에 대한 민간 법정 백서. 인물 과 사상사. p. 41. ISBN 9788988410561. 조선일보의 위와 같은 보도는 일제의 침략 전쟁을 미화하고 나아가 일제 의 침략 전쟁에 조선을 후방 병참 기지화 ...
  9. ^ Youm, Kyu Ho; Kwak, Nojin (August 2018). "3". Korean Communication, Media, and Culture: An Annotated Bibliography (1st ed.). Lexington Books. p. 71. ISBN 978-1498583329. The prominent "big three" publications — Chosun Ilbo, Dong-A Ilbo, and Joongang Ilbo — are newspapers of record with a combined three million subscribers.
  10. ^ a b Frank, Rüdiger; Hoare, Jim; Köllner, Patrick; Pares, Susan (2009). Korea Yearbook (2009): Politics, Economy and Society. Leiden: BRILL. p. 207. ISBN 9789004180192.
  11. ^ Chosun Iilbo http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/11/30/2010113001011.html Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ "The Asia-Pacific Perceptions Project". National Centre for Research on Europe. Christchurch, New Zealand: University of Canterbury. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2008.
  13. ^ a b Hoare, James E. (2015). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Korea, Third Edition. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-8108-7163-2.
  14. ^ Pratt, Keith; Rutt, Richard (2013). Korea: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary. Oxon: Routledge. p. 65. ISBN 9780700704644.
  15. ^ a b c 조선일보 (3 August 2020). "[격동의 역사와 함께한 조선일보 90년] 3대 사장 남궁훈 "사이토 총독 사직하라" 4대 사장 이상재 취임 후 민족지로 '우뚝'". 조선일보 (in Korean). Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  16. ^ a b Kim, Choon-Hee (2020). Jamesian Cultural Anxiety in the East and West: The Co-Constitutive Nature of the Cosmopolite Spirit. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 140. ISBN 978-1-5275-4199-3.
  17. ^ "네이버 뉴스 라이브러리". NAVER Newslibrary. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  18. ^ "North Korea: Fake news on both sides is the norm". Deutsche Welle.
  19. ^ North Korea executes nuclear envoy to U.S. after failed Trump summit: report. Archived 2 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Kim Hjelmgaard. USA Today. 31 May 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  20. ^ North Korea executed top negotiator, purged others over failed Trump summit, report says. Archived 12 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine Victoria Kim. Los Angeles Times. 31 May 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  21. ^ North Korea 'executed' officials after failed Trump summit: report. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine France 24 TV. 31 May 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  22. ^ North Korea Executes Envoy to Failed U.S. Summit -Media; White House Monitoring. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Hyonhee Shin and Joyce Lee. U.S. News & World Report. 31 May 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  23. ^ US checking reports North Korea executed envoy, says Pompeo: South Korean paper claims Kim Hyok-chol has been killed and a negotiator put in forced labour. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Justin McCurry. The Guardian. London, England. 31 May 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  24. ^ US checking reports North Korea executed top official after Trump summit, Pompeo says. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine CNN. 1 June 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  25. ^ Top North Korean official reappears days after purge report. Archived 3 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Kim Tong-Hyung, Associated Press.. 3 June 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  26. ^ Senior North Korean official reappears after 'forced labour' report: Photo shows Kim Yong-chol attended an art performance with Kim Jong-un on Sunday. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Daniel Hurst. The Guardian. 3 June 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  27. ^ Purged? Not purged. Leading North Korean official reemerges in public. Archived 4 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Min Joo Kim and Simon Denyer . 3 June 2019. Accessed 3 June 2019.
  28. ^ Lee Hui-jin (이희진) (11 August 2011). "EBS 강사, 명예훼손 혐의로 조선일보 기자 고소". No Cut News (in Korean). Archived from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  29. ^ "방상훈 조선일보사장 '유죄'…"족벌언론 범죄" 단죄". 한겨레신문 (in Korean). 20 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
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