The Christian Democratic Party (in Spanish: Partido Demócrata Cristiano) is a political party in Peru. Founded in 1956 by Ernesto Alayza Grundy, Luis Bedoya Reyes, Mario Polar Ugarteche, Héctor Cornejo Chávez, Roberto Ramírez del Villar and others.[1]
Christian Democratic Party Partido Demócrata Cristiano | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | PDC/DC |
| President | Carlos Gallardo Neyra |
| Founded | 1956 |
| Ideology | Christian democracy Social conservatism Factions: Reformism Democratic socialism |
| Political position | Centre to centre-left |
| Religion | Catholic Church |
| Colours | Navy blue |
| Seats in Congress | 0 / 130
|
| Governorships | 0 / 25
|
| Regional Councillors | 0 / 274
|
| Province Mayorships | 0 / 196
|
| District Mayorships | 0 / 1,874
|
| Website | |
| foro | |
Not having participated in national politics since 1990, the party is currently not registered at the National Jury of Elections to formally participate in future election cycles.
Development
editThe PDC had its roots in the government of José Bustamante y Rivero who was overthrown in 1948 by Manuel A. Odría although it did not emerge as an organised political party until 1956 when it was one of a number of populist parties formed following Odria's announcement of a new democracy (the other major ones being Popular Action and the Progressive Social Movement).[2]
The new party gained seats in both houses in the 1956 elections and initially they only concentrated their efforts on the Congress rather than running for the Presidency.[2] A change in policy followed in 1962 when Cornejo was a candidate for the Presidency but he only managed 2.88% of the vote and the party was eliminated from Congress.[2]
As a result of this failure and the coup that overthrew Manuel Prado Ugarteche, the PDC threw in their lot with the Popular Action and as such returned to Congress in 1963 as junior partners in the coalition supporting new President Fernando Belaúnde Terry.[3] The party returned to government as a junior partner in APRA-led government of Alan García, remaining in office until 1990.[1]
Ideology and divisions
editThe PDC advocated a strong nationalism, a community-minded approach to politics and state interventionism, with a grouping on the left even advocating nationalisation of the oil industry.[4] In the end the right of the party split off in 1966 to set up the Christian People's Party although in the short term at least the majority of the membership remained with the PDC.[5]
Support
editThe PDC gained a following in Lima to the extent that the party was able to defeat strong candidates from Popular Action and the Odriist National Union in order to have Luis Bedoya Reyes elected Mayor of Lima.[4] In general, however, the party's prospects were hampered by an anti-clericalism prevalent in Peru and, whilst it gained some support amongst middle class women, it never seriously challenged Popular Action for the centre right vote.[5]
Presidential elections
edit| Year | Candidate | Party / Coalition | Votes | Percentage | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1962 | Héctor Cornejo Chávez | 
|
Christian Democracy | 48 828 | 4th | |
| 1963 | Fernando Belaúnde | 
|
Popular Action - Christian Democracy Alliance | 708 662 | 1st | |
| 1985 | Alan García | .png)
|
Peruvian Aprista Party | 3 457 030 | 1st | |
| 1990 | Alfonso Barrantes | .jpg)
|
Socialist Left | 320 108 | 4th | |
Bibliography
edit- Hugo Neira, "Peru" in JP Bernard et al., Guide to the Political Parties of South America, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1973