The Church of All Saints is a grade I listed building and former parish church for Great Ayton, North Yorkshire, England. The churchyard is known to contain several graves to family members of Captain Cook, a noted seafarer.
| Church of All Saints | |
|---|---|
 The church and graveyard | |
 | |
| 54°29′23″N 1°08′35″W / 54.4897°N 1.1430°W | |
| OS grid reference | HZ556108 |
| Location | Great Ayton, North Yorkshire |
| Country | England |
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Website | Official webpage |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Redundant |
| Years built | c. 1175–1200 |
| Closed | 1877 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
| Designated | 23 June 1966 |
| Reference no. | 1150650 |
All Saints was replaced as the main parish church in the 1870s by Christ Church, Great Ayton. The entire western end of the church, including its tower, was removed in 1880. All Saints is still open for people to be able to visit at certain times of the year.
History
editElements of the present church of All Saints date back to the 8th century, and a church in Great Ayton (Atun), was mentioned in the Domesday survey of 1086.[1] In the early part of the 12th century, Robert de Meynell is recorded as having given the church at Great Ayton to Whitby Abbey.[2] The structure of the present church dates back to sometime after 1175, being recorded as being built "in the last quarter of the 12th century". The chancel measures 19 feet (5.8 m) by 14 feet 6 inches (4.42 m), the nave 32 feet 6 inches (9.91 m) by 18 feet 10 inches (5.74 m), and a south porch 9 feet 10 inches (3 m) by 11 feet 4 inches (3.45 m).[3] The porch is believed to be a 13th-century addition to the old Norman doorway into the church.[4] Renovations in the late 18th century (1788–1789) saw the roof stripped of its lead to pay for the tower to be rebuilt,[5] only for it, and the a large western section of the church, to be pulled down in 1880.[6] At the same time, despite the church not being publicly used, some of the windows were replaced in the church.[7]
All Saints was replaced by a newer church, closer to the main road through Great Ayton in 1876.[8] The building of Christ Church was precipitated by the state of the All Saints structure, and the increase in the population, related to the boom in ironstone mining in the area.[9] However, the graveyard was still used routinely until 1881, before a new one was opened on the north side of the village.[4] Some burials continued at All Saints; a report from November 1886 recalls the burial there of a Dr William Augustus Loy.[10]
The church was grade I listed in 1966, notable being its Georgian pulpit, Tudor windows and late-Medieval king post roof.[11] In modern times, the church is open for visits, special events, midweek Communion and celebratory services on Captain Cook's birthday.[12] The church does not have any heating, or electric lighting. Candles are used to provide light.[13]
Clergy
edit| Year | Incumbent | Year | Incumbent | Year | Incumbent | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| c. 1300 | Ralph (the Deacon of Ayton) | 1662 | Cornelius Cockburne | 1727 | Ralph Jackson | ||
| 1577 | Richard Stonley♦ | 1679 | Richard Slinger† | 1747 | George Metcalfe | ||
| 1601 | Thomas Aldus† | 1681 | William Stephenson† | 1756 | Anthony Hastwell | ||
| 1631 | Thomas Hardye | 1705 | George Spencer | 1794 | Thomas Deason | ||
| 1639 | Thomas Kennington | 1707 | Maurice Lisle† | 1795 | William Deason | ||
| 1646 | Thomas Edwards† | 1715 | Peter Moon | 1827 | Joseph Ibbetson | ||
| 1661 | George Eubanke | 1719 | Thomas Morley |
- †Died in office
- ♦Interregnum between incumbent and previous when dates are incorrect, period appears too long or records are incomplete.
After 1877, All Saints was closed, and Christ Church in the village was used instead.[15]
Churchyard
editSeveral members of Captain Cook's family are buried in the churchyard.[16][17] Their burial plot is marked by a grade II listed headstone made from sandstone.[18] Cook's father, also called James, is believed to have carved many of the Cook family headstones in the churchyard.[2]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "[Great] Ayton | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ^ a b Kaye 1899, p. vii.
- ^ "Parishes: Great Ayton | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- ^ a b Arkell & Taylor 2012, p. 1.
- ^ "The Parishes of Great Ayton & Newton under Roseberry". christchurchgreatayton.org.uk. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- ^ Pevsner, Nikolaus, Sir (2002). Yorkshire, the North Riding. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 172. ISBN 0-300-09665-8.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Arkell & Taylor 2012, p. 3.
- ^ Historic England. "Christ Church (Grade II) (1150639)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
- ^ Flanagan, Emily (1 September 2018). "History group discovers Cornish roots of North Yorkshire village". infoweb.newsbank.com. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- ^ "North Country News". North Eastern Daily Gazette. Column D. 16 November 1886. p. 3.
- ^ Historic England. "Church of All saints, Great Ayton (Grade I) (1150650)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- ^ Arkell & Taylor 2012, p. 5.
- ^ "£3, 300 electricity bill for church with one socket". infoweb.newsbank.com. 26 September 2003. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- ^ Kaye 1899, pp. 159–160.
- ^ a b "Genuki: Great Ayton, Vicars transcription, Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
- ^ Howse, Geoffrey (2010). The little book of Yorkshire. Stroud: History Press. p. 110. ISBN 0752462679.
- ^ Chapman, Hannah (4 June 2021). "Fears for historic village sites as plans for 30 homes submitted". Darlington and Stockton Times. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
- ^ Historic England. "Cook headstone 2 yards east of Church of All Saints (Grade II) (1294441)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
Sources
edit- Arkell, Roger; Taylor, David (March 2012). All Saints Church (PDF). greatayton.wdfiles.com (Report). Retrieved 16 August 2021.
- Kaye, Walter J, ed. (1899). "The parish register of Great Ayton (1600–182)". The Publications of the Yorkshire Parish Register Society (XC). Leeds: Yorkshire Archaeological Society. Parish Register Section. OCLC 1639081.
External links
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