Cirsium arizonicum, the Arizona thistle, is a North American species of thistle in the family Asteraceae, native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It has been found in Arizona, southeastern California, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, Utah, Sonora, and northwestern Chihuahua.[2][3][4][5][6]
| Cirsium arizonicum | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Cirsium |
| Species: | C. arizonicum
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| Binomial name | |
| Cirsium arizonicum | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Synonymy
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Cirsium arizonicum is a herbaceous plant that can be either biennial or perennial, reaching 30–150 cm in height. The spiny leaves are oblong-obovate with pinate lobes; the basal leaves are larger, 10–40 cm long, while leaves on the upper stem can be only 3 cm long. The inflorescence is 3–4 cm in length and 1.5–2 cm diameter, red to pink or purple, with all the florets of similar form (no division into disc and ray florets); individual plants are very variable in the number of heads produced, from one to 100. Flowering is from mid spring to mid fall. The species occurs in mountains, at elevations of 900–3,600 m.[2][3][7]
Five varieties have been identified:[2]
- Cirsium arizonicum var. arizonicum (syn. var. nidulum (M.E.Jones) S.L.Welsh) – Arizona, New Mexico, California, Nevada, Utah, Sonora, Chihuahua
- Cirsium arizonicum var. bipinnatum (Eastwood) D.J.Keil. Four Corners thistle – Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Sonora
- Cirsium arizonicum var. chellyense (R.J.Moore & Frankton) D.J.Keil (syn. C. chellyense R.J.Moore & Frankton) Navajo thistle – Arizona, New Mexico
- Cirsium arizonicum var. rothrockii (A.Gray) D.J.Keil (syn. C. rothrockii (A.Gray) Petrak). Rothrock's thistle – Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora; this variety is found on both rims of the Grand Canyon and for a short distance below.[8]
- Cirsium arizonicum var. tenuisectum D.J.Keil. Desert mountains thistle – California, Nevada, Sonora
References
edit- ^ The Plant List, Cirsium arizonicum (A.Gray) Petr.
- ^ a b c Flora of North America: Cirsium arizonicum
- ^ a b Jepson Flora: Cirsium arizonicum
- ^ USDA Plants Profile: Cirsium arizonicum
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ Calflora taxon report, University of Arizona, Cirsium arizonicum (A. Gray) Petrak Arizona thistle
- ^ SEINet Southwestern Biodiversity, Arizona Chapter, Cirsium arizonicum includes photos, description, distribution map
- ^ Phillips, III, Arthur (1979). Grand Canyon Wildflowers. Grand Canyon Natural History Association.
