Claude Hudson

Claude Silbert Hudson (January 26, 1881 – December 27, 1952) was an American chemist who is best known for his work in the area of carbohydrate chemistry. He is also the namesake of the Claude S. Hudson Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry given by the American Chemical Society.

Life and work

Hudson was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1881. Originally planning to become a minister, he enrolled in Princeton University, but soon his interests changed to science. He graduated from Princeton in 1901 with a bachelor's degree, and earned a Master of Science degree in 1902. He then went to Europe to study under Walther Nernst and Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff. On returning to the United States, Hudson worked as a physics instructor for a year at Princeton University and later at the University of Illinois, earning a Ph.D. in 1907. He later held positions at the National Bureau of Standards and the NIH (1928 – 1951), both in Washington, DC.

In 1904 he observed that the phase diagram of nicotine-water solution has a closed curve.^[1] This is the first closed-loop coexistence curve, and a common example of reentrant phase.^[2]

He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1927.

Hudson is also remembered for the so-called Hudson's rules, concerning the optical rotation of sugars.

He was awarded the Elliott Cresson Medal in 1942 and the Willard Gibbs Award in 1929.

Selected early writings

Hudson, C. S. (1903). "Uber die Multirotation des Milchzuckers (On the Mutarotation of Milk Sugar)". Z. Phys. Chem. 44: 487–494. doi:10.1515/zpch-1903-4421. S2CID 92962732.
Hudson, C. S. (1904). "Die gegenseitige Loslichkeit von Nikotin in Wasser (The Reversible Solubility of Nicotine in Water)". Z. Phys. Chem. 47: 113–115. doi:10.1515/zpch-1904-4708. hdl:2027/uiuo.ark:/13960/t1kh8276d. S2CID 99438914.
Hudson, C. S. (1904). "The Hydration of Milk Sugar in Solution". Z. Phys. Chem. 50: 273–290.
Hudson, C. S. (1904). "The Hydration of Milk Sugar in Solution". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 26 (9): 1065–1082. doi:10.1021/ja01999a002.
Hudson, C. S. (1905). "Application of the Hypothesis of Dissolved Ice to the Freezing of Water and of Dilute Solutions". Phys. Rev. 21 (1): 16–26. Bibcode:1905PhRvI..21...16H. doi:10.1103/physrevseriesi.21.16. hdl:2027/njp.32101067017077.
Hudson, C. S. (1906). "The Freezing of Pure Liquids and Solutions under Various Kinds of Positive and Negative Pressure and the Similarity between Osmotic and Negative Pressure". Phys. Rev. 22 (5): 257–264. Bibcode:1906PhRvI..22..257H. doi:10.1103/physrevseriesi.22.257. hdl:2027/uiug.30112068483871.
Hudson, C. S. (1906). "Hydration in Solution". Phys. Rev. 23 (5): 370–381. Bibcode:1906PhRvI..23..370H. doi:10.1103/physrevseriesi.23.370.
Hudson, C. S. (1907). "The Catalysis by Acids and Bases of the Mutarotation of Glucose". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 29 (11): 1571–1576. doi:10.1021/ja01965a004.

Claude S. Hudson Award

The Claude S. Hudson Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry has been given since 1946 by the American Chemical Society. Awardees are listed below.

2009 Peter H. Seeberger
2007 Pierre Sinaÿ
2005 David R. Bundle
2003 Robert J. Linhardt
2001 Yuan-Chuan Lee
1999 Chi-Huey Wong
1997 Samuel J. Danishefsky
1995 Tomoya Ogawa
1994 Hans Vliegenthart
1993 Irwin J. Goldstein
1992 Akira Kobata
1991 Per J. Garegg
1990 Bertram O. Fraser-Reid
1989 Walter A. Szarek
1988 Leslie Hough
1987 Stephen J. Angyal
1986 Gerald O. Aspinall
1985 Hans Paulsen
1984 Laurens Anderson
1983 Bengt Lindberg
1982 Stephen Hanessian
1981 Clinton E. Ballou
1980 George A. Jeffrey
1979 Arthur S. Perlin
1978 Michael Heidelberger
1977 Jack J. Fox
1976 Sidney M. Cantor
1975 Hans H. Baer
1974 Wendell W. Binkley
1973 Roger W. Jeanloz
1972 Derek Horton
1971 Robert S. Tipson
1970 Norman F. Kennedy
1969 John K. Netherton Jones
1968 Hewitt G. Fletcher Jr.
1967 W. Z. Hassid
1966 Raymond U. Lemieux
1965 C. G. Caldwell
1964 Dexter French
1963 Nelson K. Richtmyer
1962 Fred Smith
1961 John C. Sowden
1960 Roy L. Whistler
1959 W. Ward Pigman
1958 Hermann O. L. Fischer
1957 Julian K. Dale
1956 James M. D. Brown
1955 Kenneth R. Brown
1954 Horace S. Isbell
1953 George P. Meade
1952 Melville L. Wolfrom
1951 William D. Horne
1950 William B. Newkirk
1949 Frederick W. Zerban
1947 Frederick J. Bates
1946 Claude S. Hudson

References

^ Hudson, C. S. (1904-01-01). "Die gegenseitige Löslichkeit von Nikotin in Wasser". Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie. 47U (1): 113–115. doi:10.1515/zpch-1904-4708. ISSN 2196-7156.
^ Narayanan, T.; Kumar, Anil (1994-12-01). "Reentrant phase transitions in multicomponent liquid mixtures". Physics Reports. 249 (3): 135–218. Bibcode:1994PhR...249..135N. doi:10.1016/0370-1573(94)90015-9. ISSN 0370-1573.

External links

[1] Hudson, C. S. (1904-01-01). "Die gegenseitige Löslichkeit von Nikotin in Wasser". Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie. 47U (1): 113–115. doi:10.1515/zpch-1904-4708. ISSN 2196-7156.

[2] Narayanan, T.; Kumar, Anil (1994-12-01). "Reentrant phase transitions in multicomponent liquid mixtures". Physics Reports. 249 (3): 135–218. Bibcode:1994PhR...249..135N. doi:10.1016/0370-1573(94)90015-9. ISSN 0370-1573.

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