The Conet Project: Recordings of Shortwave Numbers Stations is a four- (later five-) CD set of recordings of numbers stations and noise stations released by Irdial-Discs beginning in 1997. Numbers stations are shortwave radio stations believed to be operated by government agencies to communicate with deployed spies. The collection of recordings is primarily the work of Irdial-Discs founder Akin Fernandez, who began recording the transmissions of numbers stations in 1992.[1] The original 4 CD set was released in 1997 and reissued in 2013 with an additional 5th CD.[2]
The recordings have been sampled in various artistic projects, most famously in the 2001 film Vanilla Sky and Wilco’s 2001 album Yankee Hotel Foxtrot. In keeping with its “free music” policy, the label made the entire collection available for free to download as a collection of MP3 files (along with a PDF version of the included booklet).[3] Irdial-Discs has since discontinued the hosting of said files, but still provides links to alternative active hosts.[4]
Legacy and sampling
editSamples from the collection have been used in numerous films and albums, including Cameron Crowe's 2001 film Vanilla Sky, Porcupine Tree's album Stupid Dream, J Church's album One Mississippi, and We Were Promised Jetpacks' album These Four Walls. The Besnard Lakes have also used recordings from numbers stations throughout their album, The Besnard Lakes Are the Dark Horse and frontman Jace Lasek is said to be a fan of The Conet Project. The post-hardcore band Silverstein sampled the recording "Czech Lady" in In A Place Of Solace, a song released on their album This Is How the Wind Shifts. Kronos Quartet incorporated live reception of the Conet numbers into "4Cast Unpredictable", a performed sound sculpture in collaboration with Trimpin. Ten years in the making, the piece was performed once only, at Montclair State University Performing Arts Center, New Jersey, in 2007.
Copyright dispute
editYankee Hotel Foxtrot, a 2001 album released by the alternative rock band Wilco, was the subject of controversy after Irdial-Discs sued for copyright infringement. The track “Poor Places” samples track 4 of disc 1, “Phonetic Alphabet Nato” (the album’s title is also a reference to this recording) without the permission of founder Akin Fernandez.
The lawsuit sparked a debate about the ownership of the recordings. Because Fernandez had recorded the track, he argued that the copyright belonged to him. Critics felt that merely recording the broadcast was not transformative enough to justify the suit.[5] According to attorney Jason Schultz,
- "Copyright requires some amount of creativity by an author ... Simply pressing the record button on your radio receiver hardly qualifies to me".[5]
Others doubted the basis for the lawsuit, because whether or not Fernandez actually recorded the track was in dispute. Simon Mason, who contributed recordings to the project, claimed that he had recorded the sampled transmission, but did not pursue legal action.[5] Tweedy and Fernandez ultimately settled out of court in an agreement with undisclosed terms, other than that Irdial-Discs would receive a “share of the sound recording royalty” on “Poor Places”.[6]
Five-disc release
editThe Conet Project was rereleased in a five-disc 15th anniversary edition in April 2013 with a new booklet, featuring detailed photographs of a numbers station voice sample controller, a Sprach-Morse-Generator der HVA des MfS (Hauptverwaltung Aufklärung des Ministeriums für Staatssicherheit der DDR) and one-time pad samples of the type used by the East German Stasi. These are the first pieces of numbers station equipment to find their way into public hands.[citation needed] The entire fifth disc contains recordings of "noise stations", which are not the result of naturally occurring radio phenomena.
Track listing
editRecordings Of Shortwave Numbers Stations
edit| No. | Title | Length |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | "The Swedish Rhapsody" | 4:18 |
| 2. | "Counting" | 3:34 |
| 3. | "Counting 'Control'" | 2:01 |
| 4. | "Phonetic Alphabet – NATO" | 4:36 |
| 5. | "5 Dashes" | 3:30 |
| 6. | "The Lincolnshire Poacher" | 4:37 |
| 7. | "Gong Station/Chimes" | 3:29 |
| 8. | "DFD 21" | 2:37 |
| 9. | "Ready Ready 15728" | 2:04 |
| 10. | "Bugle" | 1:00 |
| 11. | "5 Note Version 'Czech Lady'" | 1:38 |
| 12. | "Three Note Oddity" | 2:18 |
| 13. | "New Star Broadcasting" | 6:32 |
| 14. | "Counting Station (Spanish)" | 4:41 |
| 15. | "English Lady / 00000 ending" | 3:31 |
| 16. | "Attencion / 3 Finals" | 3:31 |
| 17. | "4 Note Rising Scale" | 3:14 |
| 18. | "Ciocârlia" | 5:16 |
| 19. | "Czech Lady" | 3:18 |
| 20. | "2 Letter 'YS'" | 1:47 |
| 21. | "2 Letter 'EL'" | 1:10 |
| 22. | "5 Dashes" | 1:40 |
| 23. | "2 Letter 'RK'" | 2:23 |
| No. | Title | Length |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | "NNN" | 2:56 |
| 2. | "'Strich'" | 0:36 |
| 3. | "DFD21 / DFC37" | 1:55 |
| 4. | "Drums & Trumpets" | 2:51 |
| 5. | "NNN" | 1:47 |
| 6. | "English Lady – 00000 ending" | 2:10 |
| 7. | "NNN" | 1:00 |
| 8. | "The Russian Man ('D-va' Northern Russian Voice)" | 1:34 |
| 9. | "Phonetic Alphabet – NATO" | 0:49) |
| 10. | "Spanish Lady" | 1:07 |
| 11. | "'Strich'" | 0:30 |
| 12. | "2 Letter 'NU'" | 1:12 |
| 13. | "'Strich'" | 0:38 |
| 14. | "YT" | 3:35 |
| 15. | "5 Dashes" | 1:40 |
| 16. | "German Man" | 1:45 |
| 17. | "English Man" | 4:58 |
| 18. | "English Man + German Lady" | 1:36 |
| 19. | "German Lady" | 1:43 |
| 20. | "Chinese Numbers" | 1:14 |
| 21. | "Spanish Lady" | 4:25 |
| 22. | "2 Letter 'MD'" | 1:38 |
| 23. | "English Man" | 1:13 |
| 24. | "German Lady" | 0:47 |
| 25. | "Phonetic Alphabet – NATO" | 0:54 |
| 26. | "Phonetic Alphabet – NATO" | 2:24 |
| 27. | "Nancy Adam Susan" | 3:20 |
| 28. | "Counting 'Control'" | 1:18 |
| 29. | "Nancy Adam Susan (Male Voice)" | 2:44 |
| 30. | "Cherry Ripe" | 1:34 |
| 31. | "Russian Lady" | 1:57 |
| 32. | "Russian Man" | 0:37 |
| 33. | "NNN" | 1:54 |
| 34. | "Frank Young Peter" | 0:59 |
| 35. | "Cherta" | 1:05 |
| 36. | "Russian Counting Man" | 0:58 |
| 37. | "OLX" | 2:15 |
| 38. | "6 Tones" | 0:57 |
| 39. | "High Pitch Polytone" | 2:02 |
| 40. | "High Pitch Polytone" | 0:31 |
| 41. | "High Pitch Polytone" | 1:17 |
| 42. | "High Pitch Polytone" | 1:00 |
| 43. | "Oriental Language" | 1:11 |
| No. | Title | Length |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Ready Ready" | 2:02 |
| 2. | "Iran / Iraq Jamming Efficacy Testing" | 1:00 |
| 3. | "English Lady" | 1:16 |
| 4. | "English Lady" | 0:34 |
| 5. | "English Man Version 1" | 0:34 |
| 6. | "English Man Version 3" | 0:48 |
| 7. | "English Man" | 0:58 |
| 8. | "Magnetic Fields" | 3:49 |
| 9. | "Magnetic Fields" | 1:30 |
| 10. | "Oblique" | 1:24 |
| 11. | "NNN" | 0:35 |
| 12. | "5 Dashes" | 4:17 |
| 13. | "2 Letter 'KG'" | 1:49 |
| 14. | "4 Figure Counting (10 Rough Tones)" | 2:36 |
| 15. | "2 Voices in one transmission" | 3:29 |
| 16. | "Tyrolean Music Station" | 7:18 |
| 17. | "3 Note I.S." | 0:46 |
| 18. | "10 Rough Tones" | 1:33 |
| 19. | "Achtung!" | 0:29 |
| 20. | "'A'" | 1:23 |
| 21. | "Voice Sample (1-10)" | 0:12 |
| 22. | "Rapid Dots" | 0:59 |
| 23. | "'Strich'" | 1:06 |
| 24. | "Hier ist DFC Sieben und Dreizig" | 3:20 |
| 25. | "2 Letter 'PN'" | 2:34 |
| 26. | "Sample Count" | 0:18 |
| 27. | "2 Letter 'VO'" | 2:10 |
| 28. | "2 Letter 'HK'" | 0:41 |
| 29. | "2 Letter 'DM'" | 4:01 |
| 30. | "8 Note Rising Scale" | 1:11 |
| 31. | "Spruchnummer 1" | 0:55 |
| 32. | "Spruchnummer 4" | 0:48 |
| 33. | "Random Pop" | 1:05 |
| 34. | "Nomer 101" | 2:52 |
| 35. | "Okno Okno Okno" | 0:35 |
| 36. | "Nomer 198" | 3:22 |
| 37. | "723 Papaqui" | 1:23 |
| 38. | "298" | 1:54 |
| 39. | "815" | 1:24 |
| 40. | "167" | 1:53 |
| 41. | "Moscow Coup Attempt" | 0:20 |
| No. | Title | Length |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Russian Man Complete" | 3:37 |
| 2. | "YT Counting in Croatian/Serbian" | 2:50 |
| 3. | "555 Konec" | 0:33 |
| 4. | "Preska" | 0:25 |
| 5. | "Cherta" | 0:26 |
| 6. | "Count in Russian" | 0:40 |
| 7. | "Count in Russian" | 2:03 |
| 8. | "1-10 Announcement" | 1:03 |
| 9. | "1-10 Announcement" | 0:50 |
| 10. | "Counting in Polish" | 1:12 |
| 11. | "Konec Konec" | 2:43 |
| 12. | "Pozor" | 0:48 |
| 13. | "Russian Lady test count and message" | 2:15 |
| 14. | "Russian Man" | 4:10 |
| 15. | "Spanish Lady (2 Finals)" | 1:48 |
| 16. | "Spanish Counting" | 0:22 |
| 17. | "Spanish Counting" | 0:24 |
| 18. | "Spanish Man" | 2:19 |
| 19. | "Spanish Lady" | 1:17 |
| 20. | "Spanish Lady" | 2:27 |
| 21. | "Eastern Music Station" | 6:40 |
| 22. | "Eastern Music Station" | 1:42 |
| 23. | "Unidentified Chinese Station" | 0:42 |
| 24. | "NNN" | 1:27 |
| 25. | "NNN" | 0:59 |
| 26. | "Whiskey Tango Viente Y Uno" | 6:14 |
| 27. | "The Crackle" | 2:33 |
| 28. | "The Backwards Music Station" | 2:30 |
| 29. | "Faders" | 1:14 |
| 30. | "Workshop" | 2:52 |
| 31. | "The Pip" | 0:50 |
| 32. | "The Buzzer" | 2:40 |
| 33. | "M1 (197)" | 0:52 |
| 34. | "M1b (463)" | 4:49 |
| 35. | "M2 (712)" | 3:11 |
| 36. | "M3" | 0:33 |
| 37. | "M3" | 0:20 |
| 38. | "M3" | 0:27 |
| 39. | "M3" | 0:17 |
| 40. | "M3" | 0:15 |
| 41. | "M3" | 0:15 |
| 42. | "M3a" | 0:22 |
| 43. | "M3b" | 0:50 |
| No. | Title | Length |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Data Bursts 5.201 kHz (USB and AM)" | |
| 2. | "Exotic Cipher 6.215 kHz AM October 5, 2008 1927 GMT" | |
| 3. | "Descending Jammer 7969 kHz USB" | |
| 4. | "Drone 17964 kHz" | |
| 5. | "Odd Clacking 4.039 kHz (USB and AM) April 29, 1998" | |
| 6. | "Bizarre Data Noise" | |
| 7. | "Chiming" | |
| 8. | "Chopper" | |
| 9. | "Coarse Rushing Air" | |
| 10. | "Oscillating 5.178 kHz March 12, 1997" | |
| 11. | "348-10-13-36-19-21 11.573 kHz 1917GMT" | |
| 12. | "Creeping" | |
| 13. | "Rapid Descending Tri-tone" | |
| 14. | "Engine Room Drone" | |
| 15. | "Pinking" | |
| 16. | "Rushing Air Sound 11492 kHz" | |
| 17. | "'Snundering'" | |
| 18. | "Down Up Tone" | |
| 19. | "Choking" | |
| 20. | "Galactic" | |
| 21. | "Sweeping Noise 9330 kHz USB" | |
| 22. | "Strange Echoing Pips 11216 kHz USB" | |
| 23. | "Bubble Jammer" | |
| 24. | "Deep Nuclear Drone" | |
| 25. | "Drone B" | |
| 26. | "Insane 7.074 kHz AM December 8, 1820 GMT" |
See also
editNotes
editThe Tyrolean Music Station played several songs by Bavarian yodeler Franzl Lang followed by a Play-It-Yourself Music box playing The Internationale, the first national anthem of the Soviet Union.
References
edit- ^ Segal, David (August 3, 2004). "The Shortwave And the Calling". The Washington Post. Retrieved 20 November 2008.
- ^ "The Conet Project Shortwave Recordings, Made Famous by Wilco's Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, Reissued". Pitchfork. 2012-11-09. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
- ^ "The Free Music Philosophy as adopted by Irdial~Discs". Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2008.
- ^ "The Irdial-Discs Catalogue Freed!". irdial.com. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
- ^ a b c Shachtman, Noah (23 June 2004). "Wilco pays up for spycasts". Wired. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2008.
- ^ Devenish, Colin (2004-06-23). "Wilco settle sample suit". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
External links
edit- The Conet Project: Recordings of Shortwave Numbers Stations Homepage – The Conet Project Pages at Irdial-Discs (archived)
- Irdial-Discs A212 Version 2 Archived 2010-03-23 at the Wayback Machine – Free and legal MP3 download of the entire four-disc collection
- IRD059 – The Archive.org mirror of the same
- The Conet Project on SoundCloud – The streaming and embeddable version of the project
- Music by the 'Numbers Stations' – NPR story about Akin Fernandez and the Conet Project
- The Conet Project discography at MusicBrainz