The Provincial asssemblies (simplified Chinese: 咨议局; traditional Chinese: 諮議局) were provincial advisory institutions established in 1909 in each province during the Constitutional Movement of the late Qing dynasty.
| Provincial Assemblies | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 省諮議局 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 省谘议局 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
According to the Regulation of the Consultative Bureau, the meetings of the Bureau were divided into two types: regular meetings and temporary meetings.[1]
Overview
editThe Consultative Bureau was the local institution of the Advisory Council,[2] and it had a Speaker and two Deputy Speakers.
Except for Xinjiang, all provinces announced the establishment of Consultative Bureaus sequentially.[3] In total, there were 21 Consultative Bureaus throughout the Qing Dynasty.[4]
From March 1909, each province began to elect members of the Consultative Bureau one after another.[5] On October 14, with the exception of Xinjiang, all 21 provincial Consultative Bureaus were established and opened as scheduled, with more than 1,670 members elected.[6]
The election of members of the Consultative Bureau is the first election of public opinion representatives in the history of China.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ 20th Century Chinese Constitutionalism. Wuhan University Press. 2002. pp. 30–. ISBN 978-7-307-03488-4.
- ^ Shao Jian (2018). A Time of Regression: From Liang Qichao's Constitutionalism to the Democracy of the New Youth. Independent Writers Press. pp. 38-. ISBN 978-986-326-605-1.
- ^ "Modernizing Features of Constitutional Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty". Sohu. 2013-05-07.
- ^ Zhang Jinfan (2003). Modern Chinese Society and Legal Civilization. China University of Political Science and Law Press. pp. 223–. ISBN 978-7-5620-2482-8.
- ^ Founding of the Republic of China. Zhonghua Book Company. 1981. pp. 87–.
- ^ Li Renkai (1996). Modern Chinese Social Thought. Henan People's Publishing House. pp. 223–. ISBN 978-7-215-03482-2.
- ^ "The short-lived "Consultative Bureau"". People's Daily. 2013-09-16.