A general public survey on corruption from Transparency International shows that citizens perceive Bosnia and Herzegovina's political structures to be deeply affected by corruption. Two-thirds of citizens believe that the government's efforts to combat corruption are ineffective.[1]
On Transparency International's 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index, Bosnia and Herzegovina scored 35 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). When ranked by score, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked 108th among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector.[2] For comparison with worldwide scores, the average score was 43, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180).[3] For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Eastern European and Central Asian countries [Note 1] was 53, the average score was 35 and the lowest score was 18.[4]
Dynamics
editCorruption levels are considered high in Bosnia and Herzegovina and have created stumbling blocks in its bid for future EU membership, according to the EU's Progress Report in 2013. Archived 2014-04-29 at the Wayback Machine The country's complex legal and regulatory frameworks create opportunities for corruption. Facilitation payments are seen as pervasive throughout the Bosnian business climate.[5]
Anti-corruption efforts
editThe government has set up the 2009-2014 Strategy for the Fight against Corruption and prosecuted several high-profile cases, yet the overall enforcement of the legislative and institutional frameworks remains poor.
Enhancing Civil Society Participation
editCitizens participation and the values of integrity, accountability, and transparency are crucial components of fighting corruption. It is important to develop programs and actions to change the cultural understanding of corruption and help citizens to act against abuses.[6]
Notes
edit- ^ Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
References
edit- ^ "Global Corruption Barometer 2013". Transparency International. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
- ^ "The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency.org. 20 December 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2023: Bosnia and Herzegovina". Transparency.org. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
- ^ "CPI 2023 for Eastern Europe & Central Asia: Autocracy & weak justice systems enabling widespread corruption". Transparency.org. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
- ^ "Bosnia Corruption Profile". Business Anti-Corruption Portal. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
- ^ "Increase in the number of civil complaints against acts of corruption. [Social Impact]. ALACs. Promotion of Participation and Citizenship in Europe through the "Advocacy and Legal Advice Centres (ALACs)" of Transparency International (2009-2012). Framework Programme 7 (FP7)". SIOR, Social Impact Open Repository.