Bion 5, also known as Kosmos 1129 (in Russian: Бион 5, Космос-1129) was a Bion satellite. It was an international biomedical research mission involving scientists from nine countries, launched on 29 September 1979, at 15:30:00 UTC. Among the experiments was the first attempt to breed mammals in space, which proved unsuccessful. The mission ended after 14.5 days, on 14 October 1979, at 02:24 UTC. The mission had the cooperation of the Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, France, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the United States and the Soviet Union.
 Conception of Bion 5 in orbit | |
| Names | Bion-5 Biocosmos 5 |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Bioscience |
| Operator | Institute of Biomedical Problems |
| COSPAR ID | 1979-083A |
| SATCAT no. | 11536 |
| Mission duration | 14 days, 10 hours and 54 minutes |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Bion |
| Bus | Zenit 12KS |
| Manufacturer | TsSKB |
| Launch mass | 6,000 kg (13,000 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 29 September 1979, 15:30:00 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U |
| Launch site | Plesetsk 41/1[1] |
| Contractor | TsSKB |
| End of mission | |
| Recovered by | Soviet Space Forces |
| Landing date | 14 October 1979, 02:24 UTC |
| Landing site | 52°17′N 65°30′E / 52.283°N 65.500°E near Oktyabr'skoe, Kazakhstan, USSR |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric[2] |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Perigee altitude | 226 km (140 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 406 km (252 mi) |
| Inclination | 62.80° |
| Period | 90.50 minutes |
Mission
editOrganisms studied included:
- Rattus norvegicus (Wistar rat)[3]
- Coturnix coturnix (Japanese quail)
- Daucus carota (carrot)
Objectives
editBion 5 mission consisted of various biological studies, including the first mammalian reproduction attempts (rats) in space, which ended up not succeeding. Experiences NASA were designed to study the effects of radiation on mice, quail embryos and some plant specimens.
Studies on the effect of microgravity were also performed on the muscles and bones of rats and avian embryogenesis was studied in space. the effects of microgravity on plant tissues were investigated using carrots and carrot cancerous tissue to study the effects of space flight on the growth and development of plants. As in the previous mission, 30 rats for the species Rattus norvegicus were sent physiological studies; Seven additional rats were used in embryological experiments.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Gunter D. Krebs. "Bion - Gunter's Space Page". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
- ^ "Bion 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 14 May 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "NASA Contractor Report 3922" (PDF). USSR Space Life Sciences Digest (Issue 23). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 August 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bibliography
edit- Kozlov, D. I. (1996), Mashnostroenie, ed.; Konstruirovanie avtomaticheskikh kosmicheskikh apparatov, Moscow, ISBN
- Melnik, T. G. (1997), Nauka, ed.; Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Sili, Moscow, ISBN
- "Bion' nuzhen lyudyam", Novosti Kosmonavtiki, (6): 35, 1996
External links
edit- Cosmos 1129. NASA
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