Carl or Karl Hildebrand von Canstein[1] (4 August 1667 – 19 August 1719), Baron[2] or Count[3] of Canstein, was a German aristocrat who founded the Canstein Bible Institute (German: Cansteinsche Bibelanstalt) in Halle, Brandenburg-Prussia, the first modern Bible society.
Life
edit_Carl_Hildebrand_von_Canstein.jpg)
He was born at Lindenberg on 4 August 1667. He studied law at Alma Mater Viadrina in Frankfurt-on-the-Oder and, upon finishing his courses, he toured the Netherlands, England, France, Italy, and southern Germany from 1686 to 1688. On the death of the Great Elector Frederick William, he returned to Berlin.[2]
He was made a gentleman of the bedchamber in 1689 but resigned to volunteer with the Brandenburger troops sent to Flanders in the Nine Years' War.[2] While there, he fell seriously ill and became religious. Upon his return to Berlin, he devoted himself to philanthropy.[4]
In 1691, he befriended Philipp Spener and August Hermann Francke,[4] who convinced him to establish the Canstein Bible Institute for the purpose of using stereotype printing to reduce the price of German bibles. Raising money via subscriptions,[3] he published a 2-groschen New Testament at Halle in 1712 and a 6-groschen full Bible in 1713. Within his lifetime, he published about 100,000 New Testaments in 28 editions and about 40,000 full Bibles in 8 octavo and 8 duodecimo editions.[4]
Legacy
editVon Canstein's Bible society was the first of its kind and broadly copied within Germany and abroad.[1][5] He was succeeded at the Bible Institute by Francke. The institute's buildings were expanded in 1727 and the Cansteinische Buckdruckerei established in 1734–35. Polish and Czech editions were printed in 1722, and Wendish and Lithuanian in 1868 and 1869; in 1892, the institute printed the first revised version of Luther's Bible.[4]
He is sometimes credited with the popularization of stereotype printing.[3]
Works
editIn addition to a biography of Spener,[3] Von Canstein wrote:
- Ohnmassgebender Vorschlag, wie Gotteswort den Armen zur Erbauung um Einen Geringen Preis in die Hande zu Bringen Sei (in German), Berlin, 1710.
- Harmonic und Auslegung der Heiligen Vier Evangelisten (in German), Halle, 1718.
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b Howsam & al. (2015), p. 50.
- ^ a b c d ERK (1952), p. 400.
- ^ a b c d EB (1878).
- ^ a b c d ERK (1952), p. 401.
- ^ "Eighteenth Century Bibles and Biblical History From 1700-1799", Clausen Books, retrieved 10 July 2010.
Bibliography
edit- , Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. V, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878, p. 27.
- "Karl Hildebrand, Baron von Canstein", The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. II, Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1952, pp. 400–401.
- Howsam, Leslie; et al. (2015), "Producing the Text: Production and Distribution of Popular Editions of the Bible", The New Cambridge History of the Bible, Vol. IV, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 49–82, ISBN 978-0-521-85823-6, LCCN 2012002200.