Craigmont is a city in the northwest United States in Lewis County, Idaho. Located on the Camas Prairie in north central Idaho, it is within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation.[4] The population was 501 at the 2010 census, down from 556 in 2000.
Craigmont, Idaho | |
|---|---|
 Location of Craigmont in Lewis County, Idaho. | |
| Coordinates: 46°14′32″N 116°28′14″W / 46.24222°N 116.47056°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Idaho |
| County | Lewis |
| Area | |
• Total | 0.78 sq mi (2.02 km2) |
| • Land | 0.78 sq mi (2.01 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 3,740 ft (1,140 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 501 |
• Estimate (2019)[3] | 489 |
| • Density | 629.34/sq mi (242.86/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific (PST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP code | 83523 |
| Area code | 208 |
| FIPS code | 16-19270 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0399839 |
History
editThe city is named for Colonel William Craig (1809–69),[5] a mountain man who had a Nez Perce wife. He settled at Lapwai near his father-in-law Hin-mah-tute-ke-kaikt or James in 1840 when he gave up being a fur trapper due to the collapse of the market for beaver.[6][7][8][9]
The Nez Perce Reservation was opened to white settlement 129 years ago in 1895,[10][11][12][13] and a town named "Chicago," a mile west of the current Craigmont, was founded in 1898. In response to not getting their mail from the post office, it was renamed "Ilo" four years later, after Ilo Leggett, daughter of town founder and merchant W.O. Leggett. A fire burnt the town in 1904 and shortly thereafter the Camas Prairie Railroad bypassed the town and started a settlement, platted by Lewiston financier John P. Vollmer, on the northeast side of the railroad tracks, and he named it "Vollmer." Ilo responded and moved its community to the southwest side of the tracks, adjacent to Vollmer. After a decade-long feud and the consolidation of the school districts, the communities merged in 1920 to become Craigmont.[5][14][15]
Geography
editCraigmont is located at 46°14′32″N 116°28′14″W / 46.24222°N 116.47056°W (46.2422, -116.4705),[16] on the Camas Prairie. Located within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation,[4] its elevation is 3,740 feet (1,140 m) above sea level.[17]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.76 square miles (1.97 km2), all of it land.[18]
Climate
editThe climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Craigmont has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.[19]
| Climate data for Craigmont (1950-1996) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 55 (13) |
66 (19) |
69 (21) |
83 (28) |
89 (32) |
94 (34) |
97 (36) |
96 (36) |
95 (35) |
84 (29) |
69 (21) |
57 (14) |
97 (36) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 35 (2) |
39 (4) |
47.1 (8.4) |
54 (12) |
61.6 (16.4) |
69.1 (20.6) |
77.3 (25.2) |
78.2 (25.7) |
69.3 (20.7) |
57 (14) |
40.5 (4.7) |
33.5 (0.8) |
55.1 (12.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 20.9 (−6.2) |
21.4 (−5.9) |
27.7 (−2.4) |
32 (0) |
37.6 (3.1) |
43 (6) |
47 (8) |
46.3 (7.9) |
39.7 (4.3) |
32.9 (0.5) |
25.4 (−3.7) |
18.9 (−7.3) |
32.7 (0.4) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −19 (−28) |
−27 (−33) |
−2 (−19) |
17 (−8) |
23 (−5) |
29 (−2) |
31 (−1) |
26 (−3) |
19 (−7) |
10 (−12) |
−13 (−25) |
−28 (−33) |
−28 (−33) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.61 (41) |
1.48 (38) |
2.18 (55) |
2.34 (59) |
2.8 (71) |
2.07 (53) |
1.55 (39) |
1 (25) |
1.26 (32) |
1.53 (39) |
2.29 (58) |
1.46 (37) |
21.58 (548) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 14.1 (36) |
10 (25) |
8.7 (22) |
3.6 (9.1) |
0.9 (2.3) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
1.2 (3.0) |
10.6 (27) |
11.9 (30) |
61 (150) |
| Average precipitation days | 13 | 12 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 14 | 142 |
| Source: WRCC[20] | |||||||||||||
Transportation
editRailroad
editFour miles (7 km) south of the city is Lawyers Creek Canyon, with large railroad trestles[21] of the Camas Prairie Railroad, whose second subdivision arrived on the Camas Prairie in 1908 and extended to Grangeville the following year. The largest is the massive century-old steel trestle, 1,488 feet (454 m) in length and its track 287 feet (87 m) above the creek.[22] After several ownership changes since 1998, the line from Spalding is now operated by BG&CM Railroad and terminates in Cottonwood. Passenger service on the Camas Prairie ended in 1955.[23] Lawyers Canyon is named after Chief Lawyer (1801–76) of the Nez Perce, nicknamed for his skill in dealing with the encroaching whites; he is buried in Kamiah.[24]
Highways
edit
- US 95 - to Lewiston, Moscow (north) and Grangeville, Boise (via 
) (south)
- SH-62 - to Nezperce (east)
Northbound U.S. Route 95 was formerly routed westward through Craigmont as Main Street, then resumed westward toward Winchester. The highway was re-routed in 1991 and now bypasses Craigmont on its south side. Southbound, the new route between Craigmont and Ferdinand stays out of the canyon, crossing it on a 919-foot (280 m) bridge (photo) which opened in October 1991[25] and passes over the site of the previous 82-foot (25 m) bridge, built in 1948.[26][27] After the bridge, the southbound highway passes to the east of Ferdinand, a new routing completed in 1993.[28][29]
Eastbound from Craigmont, State Highway 62 connects to Nezperce, the county seat.
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1930 | 496 | — | |
| 1940 | 528 | 6.5% | |
| 1950 | 594 | 12.5% | |
| 1960 | 703 | 18.4% | |
| 1970 | 554 | −21.2% | |
| 1980 | 617 | 11.4% | |
| 1990 | 542 | −12.2% | |
| 2000 | 556 | 2.6% | |
| 2010 | 501 | −9.9% | |
| 2019 (est.) | 489 | [3] | −2.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[30] | |||
2010 census
editAs of the census[2] of 2010, there were 501 people, 230 households, and 149 families residing in the city. The population density was 659.2 inhabitants per square mile (254.5/km2). There were 261 housing units at an average density of 343.4 per square mile (132.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.2% White, 0.6% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.
There were 230 households, of which 21.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.2% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.68.
The median age in the city was 49.4 years. 18.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.2% were from 25 to 44; 37.8% were from 45 to 64; and 19.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.
2000 census
editAs of the census[31] of 2000, there were 556 people, 225 households, and 157 families residing in the city. The population density was 743.8 inhabitants per square mile (287.2/km2). There were 248 housing units at an average density of 331.8 per square mile (128.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.12% White, 1.44% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.90% from other races, and 0.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.
There were 225 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $31,806, and the median income for a family was $36,719. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,548. About 12.9% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 11.5% of those age 65 or over.
Education
editCraigmont is the home of Highland High School, with an average of 20 to 25 students per graduating class. The Huskies compete in athletics at the IHSAA Class 1A level. The Highland Joint School District #305 was established in 1962 and includes Craigmont, Winchester, Melrose, and Reubens.[32][33] The current campus of the school was constructed in 1952.[15]
References
edit- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
- ^ a b "The Nez Perce Reservation with a Map Insert of Idaho" (PDF). Nez Perce Tribe. Geographic Information Systems. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
- ^ a b Ruark, Janice (November 26, 1976). "Craigmont farm town serving fertile prairie". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington. p. 3.
- ^ Alvin M. Joseph, The Nez Perce and the Opening of the Northwest (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1971)
- ^ Holbrook, R.L. (September 3, 1946). "Area prepares ti observe Craig centennial". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 9.
- ^ Holbrook, Robert L. (October 28, 1946). "Col. William Craig, early settler of central Idaho". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 8.
- ^ "Craig settled 124 years ago". Lewiston Morning Tribune. November 21, 1964. p. 9.
- ^ Hamilton, Ladd (June 25, 1961). "Heads were popping up all over the place". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 14.
- ^ Brammer, Rhonda (July 24, 1977). "Unruly mobs dashed to grab land when reservation opened". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 6E.
- ^ "3,000 took part in "sneak" when Nez Perce Reservation was opened". Lewiston Morning Tribune. November 19, 1931. p. 3.
- ^ "Nez Perce Reservation". Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. December 11, 1921. p. 5.
- ^ Conley, Cort. Idaho for the Curious. Cambridge: Backeddy, 1982, 623-626. ISBN 0-9603566-3-0.
- ^ a b Currier, Della (October 6, 1955). "Craigmont evolved after bitter feuding". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 11.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Craigmont, Idaho
- ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
- ^ Climate Summary for Craigmont, Idaho
- ^ "CRAIGMONT, ID (102246)". Western Regional Climate Center. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
- ^ panoramio.com Archived 2014-12-19 at the Wayback Machine - photos of the Lawyers Creek Canyon trestles
- ^ Campbell, Thomas J. (December 11, 1938). "Camas Prairie Railroad marks 30th anniversary". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 12.
- ^ "Camas Prairie Railroad 'Bugs' reach end of the line today". Lewiston Morning Tribune. August 23, 1955. p. 12.
- ^ Ruark, Janice (February 23, 1977). "Lawyer led Nez Perce in peace before war". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington. p. 3.
- ^ "Lawyers Canyon Bridge set to open today". Lewiston Morning Tribune. October 8, 1991. p. 8A.
- ^ "Lawyers Canyon span contract is awarded". Lewiston Morning Tribune. December 13, 1947. p. 14.
- ^ "North & South Highway Clear". Lewiston Morning Tribune. March 28, 1948. p. 9.
- ^ "New section of U.S. 95 may be done by Sept. 1". Lewiston Morning Tribune. March 24, 1993. p. 8A.
- ^ "Around the Region: U.S. Highway 95 finds its way around Ferdinand". Lewiston Morning Tribune. September 4, 1993. p. 5A.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Highland picked as name for new consolidated high school". Lewiston Morning Tribune. October 16, 1962. p. 9.
- ^ "Bus routes". Highland Joint School District. Retrieved October 30, 2012.