Cresson is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. Cresson is 80 miles (130 km) east of Pittsburgh. It is above 2,000 feet (600 m) in elevation. Lumber, coal, and coke yards were industries that had supported the population, which numbered 1,470 in 1910. The borough is part of the Johnstown Metropolitan Statistical Area, although state and local sources list it as part of the Altoona area due to being much closer to that city. The population of Cresson at the 2010 census was 1,711.[4]
Cresson, Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
Borough | |
 Houses on Second Street | |
 Location of Cresson in Cambria County, Pennsylvania. | |
  Cresson | |
| Coordinates: 40°27′45″N 78°35′11″W / 40.46250°N 78.58639°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| County | Cambria |
| Incorporated | 1902 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Borough council |
| Area | |
• Total | 0.48 sq mi (1.25 km2) |
| • Land | 0.48 sq mi (1.25 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 2,054 ft (626 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 1,525 |
| • Density | 3,163.90/sq mi (1,221.56/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| Zip code | 16630 |
| Area code | 814 |
| FIPS code | 42-17136 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1215014[2] |
The location was named in 1854 as a memorial to philanthropist Elliott Cresson. Railroads, beginning with the Allegheny Portage Railroad, fueled the growth of the area. Many famous Pittsburgh businessmen, including Charles M. Schwab, Andrew Carnegie, and Henry Clay Frick, maintained summer residences in the area.
The borough was incorporated in 1906, along with neighboring Sankertown.
Geography
editCresson is located in eastern Cambria County at 40°27′45″N 78°35′11″W / 40.46250°N 78.58639°W (40.462631, -78.586319),[5] atop the Eastern Continental Divide, the height of land between the Eastern Seaboard of the United States and the Ohio River valley. The Little Conemaugh River rises in Cresson, flowing southwest to form the Conemaugh River, which in turn flows to the Kiskiminetas River, then the Allegheny River, the Ohio River, and finally the Mississippi. The north side of Cresson, meanwhile, drains north to Clearfield Creek, a tributary of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, leading to Chesapeake Bay. Blair Gap, at the eastern edge of the Allegheny Plateau and 2 miles (3 km) east of town, is the location of the Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site, where the first railroad (a portage railway) crossed the Allegheny Mountains.
Cresson is bypassed to the south and east by U.S. Route 22, a four-lane expressway, with access from two exits: Pennsylvania Route 53 (Second Street) on the south, and the Admiral Peary Highway (former US 22) on the east. Altoona is 15 miles (24 km) to the northeast via US 22 and Interstate 99, while Ebensburg, the Cambria County seat, is 8 miles (13 km) to the west.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 0.48 square miles (1.25 km2), all land.[4]
History
editMountainhouse era
edit_p721_CRESSON_SPRINGS.jpg)
One of the first buildings in the area which would become Cresson was the Mountainhouse Hotel. The Queen Anne style structure was opened by the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1881, sold to the Cresson Springs Co., and demolished in 1916. It was hoped to attract visitors from Pittsburgh and Johnstown looking for clean air and "therapeutic" mineral springs. Although itself unsuccessful, it led to the development of several other hotels, companies, and the town itself.
The area is currently known as the "Mountainhouse Grounds" to local residents and is in the midst of development. Several of the original cottages still stand, including those of Andrew Carnegie and Benjamin Jones.[6]
Stereographs of R.A. Bonine
editPhotographer R.A. Bonine of Altoona took several stereographs of the Cresson area, including the Mountainhouse during the 1870-1880s. The following were included in his series "Views Among the Alleghenies".
-
Mountainhouse Hotel -
Cresson Springs Co. Building -
Hotel from Railroad Station -
Railroad Depot (looking east) -
Muller Cottage
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 1,470 | — | |
| 1920 | 2,170 | 47.6% | |
| 1930 | 2,317 | 6.8% | |
| 1940 | 2,500 | 7.9% | |
| 1950 | 2,569 | 2.8% | |
| 1960 | 2,659 | 3.5% | |
| 1970 | 2,446 | −8.0% | |
| 1980 | 2,184 | −10.7% | |
| 1990 | 1,784 | −18.3% | |
| 2000 | 1,631 | −8.6% | |
| 2010 | 1,711 | 4.9% | |
| 2020 | 1,525 | −10.9% | |
| Sources:[7][8][9][3] | |||
As of the census[8] of 2000, there were 1,631 people, 726 households, and 426 families residing in the borough. The population density was 3,297.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,273.2/km2). There were 786 housing units at an average density of 1,589.2 per square mile (613.6/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 98.90% White, 0.12% African American, 0.37% Asian, 0.25% from other races, and 0.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74% of the population.
There were 726 households, out of which 26.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.3% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the borough, the population was spread out, with 21.0% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $26,293, and the median income for a family was $34,900. Males had a median income of $30,972 versus $21,853 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $15,562. About 13.7% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.4% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.
Education
edit- Mount Aloysius College, a four-year Roman Catholic institution, is located in Cresson.
- Penn Cambria School District, a K-12 public school district, has administrative offices in Cresson; the district covers neighboring areas as well as Cresson. Penn Cambria Pre-Primary and Penn Cambria High School are located in Cresson.
Notable people
edit- Robert Edwin Peary, Sr - American Explorer
References
edit- ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Cresson, Pennsylvania
- ^ a b "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Oct 12, 2022.
- ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Cresson borough, Pennsylvania". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on March 11, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2015.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ Anne Francis Pulling. Around Cresson and the Alleghenies. ISBN 9780738590400
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 11 June 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2013.