David Gifford Croll

Colonel David Gifford Croll, CBE (1885 - 1948), was an eminent doctor from Queensland, Australia who served during World War I and World War II. He is remembered for his outstanding service in Gallipoli and the Middle East during World War I.

Major Croll, Commanding Light Horse Field Ambulance, 2nd Contingent

Early life

Born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1885, Croll emigrated to New Zealand with his parents, before coming to Australia aged 13. He completed his medical training at the University of Sydney, and while studying, spent five years as part of the Sydney University Scouts (SUS), attaining the rank of Warrant Officer. Back in Queensland, Croll married a local Queensland nurse, Marian Winifred (Winnie) Payne on 13 April 1912 at St Andrew's Presbyterian Church in Brisbane. Both were employed at the Brisbane Hospital.

Military career during World War I

When war was declared in 1914, Croll, wife Winnie and brother John all enlisted within weeks of each other. Croll enlisted on 19 October, and was recommended for appointment as a Major with the 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance, having spent almost four years since qualification as a medical practitioner with the Australian Army Medical Corps. John also joined the 2nd Light House Field Ambulance, and Winnie served with the 1st Australian General Hospital, and departed for Egypt on board HMAT A55 Kyarra on 21 December 1914.

Major Croll embarked from Pinkenba Wharf, Brisbane, on board HMAT A30 Borda on 15 December 1914 as Second in Command of the 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance. Once in Egypt, he and his medical staff quickly came to grips with the desert conditions, but found themselves deployed to the Gallipoli Peninsula in May, and witnesses to the failed August Offensive and the bloody end of the campaign.

"…the whole landscape is bathed in moonlight & looks very beautiful but the din is awful, every bullet as it passes overhead makes more noise then the rifle which fires it". (Major Croll’s war diary, 29 May 1915)

After the evacuation of the Peninsula he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and given command of the 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance as it supported operations in Egypt and Palestine. Croll was in charge of medical services and the logistics required to treat and retrieve wounded men under fire, in open warfare.

Sister Winnie Croll had remained in Egypt with the 1st Australian General Hospital during the Gallipoli campaign, but was invalided home with pleurisy in January 1916. Gifford also returned home for a period in 1917, reporting for duty on the Hospital Transport Euripides, which embarked from Suez on 22 January. After a short period of leave in Australia he embarked again from Sydney on 9 May and returned to the Middle East. For a short while he was assigned to command the Camel Field Ambulance, then in August 1917 was appointed Assistant Director of Medical Services (A.D.M.S.) for Anzac Mounted Division.

Croll remained in the Middle East for the rest of the war, was promoted to Colonel in April 1918 and after the armistice was appointed Deputy Director of Medical Services (D.D.M.S.) of the Australian Imperial Forces. in Egypt in March 1919. He finally embarked for home on the Hospital Transport Dunluce Castle on 17 July 1919. He was appointed a CBE in November 1919 for his services with military operations in Egypt.

Later life and death

Upon his return to Australia, Doctor Croll resumed his medical practice in Sherwood, a western suburb of Brisbane, and became a well known local identity. He served again in World War II, and in 1941 commanded the 112 Australian General Hospital, which later became known as Greenslopes Military Hospital or Greenslopes Repatriation Hospital. He was also founder of the British Medical Agency, formed to assist doctors in their work. He died in 1948, aged 62.

Legacy

Croll was a foundation member of the Sherwood RSL, and he and Mrs Croll bequeathed their home to the Sub-Branch. In 1955, after Mrs Croll's death in 1954, it was dedicated as the Croll Memorial Centre. The title transferred to new premises at Corinda in 1967, and the precinct extended in 1971. Since the early 1970s, the Croll Memorial Precinct at the Sherwood Indooroopilly RSL Sub Branch has been a local centre for commemorative services.

Croll's extensive collection of personal and official diaries, reports, memoranda and photographs are held in the collections of the State Library of Queensland.

References

Attribution

This Wikipedia article incorporates text from Colonel David Gifford Croll: 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance (23 March 2016) by Robyn Hamilton published by the State Library of Queensland under CC BY licence, accessed on 11 May 2016.

External links

• David Gifford Croll Papers, State Library of Queensland
• 'Dr. and Mrs. Croll – a wartime marriage digital story 2016', State Library of Queensland