Cryptobatrachus boulengeri, also known as Boulenger's backpack frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northern Colombia.[1][2][3] The specific name honours George Albert Boulenger, an eminent herpetologist.[4][5]
| Cryptobatrachus boulengeri | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hemiphractidae |
| Genus: | Cryptobatrachus |
| Species: | C. boulengeri
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cryptobatrachus boulengeri Ruthven, 1916
| |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Hyloscirtus boulengeri — Noble, 1917 | |
Description
editAdult males measure 34–49 mm (1.3–1.9 in) and adult females 51–72 mm (2.0–2.8 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is relatively long. The tympanum is larger in males than in females. The dorsolateral folds are thin. Skin on the dorsum is finely granular with scattered larger warts. The fingers have no webbing. The finger and toe tips bear expanded disks. Subarticular adhesive pads are present.[6]
Female frogs carry the eggs on their back. The eggs have direct development, hatching as froglets[1] (i.e., there is no free-living larval stage[7]).
Habitat and conservation
editCryptobatrachus boulengeri are found on rocks within fast-flowing streams in primary and secondary montane forests at elevations of 250–1,790 m (820–5,870 ft) above sea level.[1][3] This species is abundant throughout its range, but it is threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture (particularly coffee plantations), logging, and infrastructure development. Deforestation around streams is a particular threat. Additional potential threats are chytridiomycosis and pollution from agrochemicals. However, its range includes a number of protected areas, including the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Tayrona National Natural Parks.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2017). "Cryptobatrachus boulengeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T55304A85897264. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T55304A85897264.en. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2021). "Cryptobatrachus boulengeri Ruthven, 1916". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b Acosta Galvis, A. R. (2021). "Cryptobatrachus boulengeri Ruthven, 1916". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia: Referencia en linea V.11.2021. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ Ruthven, A. G. (1916). "A new genus and species of amphibian of the family Cystignathidae". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan. 33: 1–4. hdl:2027.42/56472.
- ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael & Grayson, Michael (2013). The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians. Pelagic Publishing. pp. 28–29. ISBN 978-1-907807-42-8.
- ^ Lynch, John D. (2008). "A taxonomic revision of frogs of the genus Cryptobatrachus (Anura: Hemiphractidae)". Zootaxa. 1883 (1): 28–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1883.1.2.
- ^ Vitt, Laurie J. & Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. p. 166.