Ctenosauriscidae is an extinct family of pseudosuchian archosaurs within the clade Poposauroidea.[1] Ctenosauriscids existed in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America during the Early Triassic to the Middle Triassic period (latest Olenekian to Anisian stages).[1] All species had large "sails" on their backs. Ctenosauriscids are among some of the earliest archosaurs and represent the first global radiation of the group.[2]
| Ctenosauriscids Temporal range: Early-Middle Triassic,
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| Vertebrae of the ctenosauriscid Ctenosauriscus koeneni | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Archosauria |
| Clade: | Pseudosuchia |
| Clade: | †Poposauroidea |
| Family: | †Ctenosauriscidae Kuhn, 1964 |
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Genera
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Ctenosauriscus is one of the oldest archosaurs known to date.[2] | |||||
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"Waldhaus" ctenosauriscid |
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Röt Formation | ||||
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Xilousuchus is one of the oldest archosaurs known to date.[2] |
Phylogeny
editCtenosauriscidae was named by Oskar Kuhn in 1964 to include the genus Ctenosauriscus.[3] It is a stem-based taxon defined by Richard J. Butler, Stephen L. Brusatte, Mike Reich, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Rainer R. Schoch and Jahn J. Hornung in 2011 as "the most inclusive clade containing Ctenosauriscus koeneni but not Poposaurus gracilis, Effigia okeeffeae, Postosuchus kirkpatricki, Crocodylus niloticus, Ornithosuchus longidens, or Aetosaurus ferratus".[2] The cladograms below follows a 2011 analysis by Butler et al., the first based on Brusatte et al. 2010[4] and the second based on Nesbitt 2011.[1]
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| Poposauroidea |
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References
edit- ^ a b c Sterling J. Nesbitt (2011). "The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 352: 1–292. doi:10.1206/352.1. hdl:2246/6112. S2CID 83493714.
- ^ a b c d Richard J. Butler; Stephen L. Brusatte; Mike Reich; Sterling J. Nesbitt; Rainer R. Schoch; Jahn J. Hornung (2011). "The sail-backed reptile Ctenosauriscus from the latest Early Triassic of Germany and the timing and biogeography of the early archosaur radiation". PLOS ONE. 6 (10): e25693. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...625693B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025693. PMC 3194824. PMID 22022431.
- ^ Oskar Kuhn (1964). "Ungelöste Probleme der Stammesgeschichte der Amphibien und Reptilien" [Unsolved problems of the phylogeny of amphibians and reptiles]. Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg. 118–119: 293–325.
- ^ Brusatte, S.L.; Benton, M.J.; Desojo, J.B.; Langer, M.C. (2010). "The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)" (PDF). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 8 (1): 3–47. Bibcode:2010JSPal...8....3B. doi:10.1080/14772010903537732. hdl:20.500.11820/24322ff3-e80e-45f2-8d53-d35fd104195c. S2CID 59148006.
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