In 1887, Antonín Dvořák selected 12 of the 18 love songs from his collection Cypresses (Czech: Cypřiše), B.11, of 1865, and arranged them for string quartet, B.152.[1] He also named these 12 pieces Cypresses.[2] The 12 pieces he selected from B. 11 are Nos. 2–4, 6–9, 12, 14, and 16–18; the original songs are for solo voice and piano, and are settings of poems by Gustav Pfleger Moravský from the collection "Cypresses" (hence the title).[3]
Background
edit10 of these (1–9 & 11) were edited by Josef Suk and published by Hudební Matice Umělecké Besedy in 1921; the complete set of 12 appear in Soubourne kritické vydání, the Complete Critical Edition, from 1957. They were originally titled Echos of Songs, later Evening Songs, under which name numbers 1–3 & 9 were given their 1st performance by Karel Ondříček, Jan Pelikan, Petr Mares & Alois Neruda, at Umělecká beseda, on 6 January 1888. Dvořák inscribed them "These little compositions were originally songs (18), four of which were published as Op. 2 by Stary... I wrote them in 1865 and now, after 22 years, I have arranged them for quartet under the title 'The Echo of Songs'".[2] They were given their present title by Josef Suk.[4]
Structure
editThe original songs are clearly recognisable in these string quartet arrangements, with melodic line, rhythm and harmony unchanged. For No.11, Dvořák changed the key, and half of them he extended by repetition, mostly with some interchange of allocation of lines to the different instruments.[4]
The pieces are as follows:[5]
| B. 152 | Title – ‘Cypresses’ (Cypřiše) – initially 'Echo of Songs' (Ohlas písní) (12): | Tempo | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 152/1 | I Know that My Love to Thee (Já vím, že v sladké naději) | Moderato | 2nd version of B.11/6, B.160/4 |
| 152/2 | Death Reigns in Many a Human Breast (V tak mnohém srdci mrtvo jest) | Allegro ma non troppo | 2nd version of B.11/1, B. 11/3, B.160/2 |
| 152/3 | When Thy Sweet Glances Fall on Me (V té sladké moci očí tvých) | Andante con moto | 2nd version of B.11/2, B.160/7 |
| 152/4 | Love Will Never Lead Us to that Happy End (Ó, naší lásce nekvete to vytoužené štěstí) | Poco adagio | 3rd version of B.11/8, B.123/4, B.160/1 |
| 152/5 | The Old Letter in My Book (Zde hledím na tvůj drahý list) | Andante | 2nd version of B.11/12 |
| 152/6 | O, Lovely Golden Rose (Ó, zlatá růže spanilá) | Andante moderato | 2nd version of B.11/7 |
| 152/7 | I Wander Often Past Yonder House (Kol domu se teď potácím) | Andante con moto | 3rd version of B.11/9, B.123/3, B.160/3 |
| 152/8 | In The Deepest Forest Glade I Stand (Zde v lese u potoka) | Lento | 2nd version of B.11/14, B.160/6 |
| 152/9 | Thou Only, Dear One (Ó, duše drahá, jedinká) | Moderato | 2nd version of B.11/4, B.160/8 |
| 152/10 | There Stands an Ancient Rock (Tam stojí stará skála) | Andante maestoso | 2nd version of B.11/16 |
| 152/11 | Nature Lies Peaceful in Slumber and Dreaming (Nad krajem vévodí lehký spánek) | Allegro scherzando | 2nd version of B.11/17, B.160/5 |
| 152/12 | You Ask Why My Songs (Ty se ptáš, proč moje zpěvy) | Allegro animato | 2nd version of B.11/18 |
Notes
edit- ^ "Cypresses (for string quartet), B152 | Antonín Dvořák". www.antonin-dvorak.cz (in Czech). Akademie klasické hudby, z. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b Herbert & Trufit 2004, pp. 54–55
- ^ "Cypresses, B11 | antonin-dvorak.cz". www.antonin-dvorak.cz. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b Šourek, p. 120
- ^ "List of works by Antonín Dvořák – IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download". imslp.org. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
References
edit- Herbert, Peter J. F.; Trufitt, Ian T. (2004). Antonin Dvorak complete catalogue of works, (The Dvorak Society occasional publications no. 4), 4th revised edition, 2004. The Dvorak Society for Czech and Slovak Music. ISBN 0-9532769-4-5.
- Šourek, Otakar; (Trans.)Samsour, Roberta Finlayson. The Chamber Music of Antonín Dvořák. Czechoslovakia: Artia.
- See also: English language version of page about the Cypresses for String Quartet at Czech site
External links
edit- Cypresses, B.152: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Dvořák, Cypresses B. 152 Nºs 10 & 11 – Performed by Bettine Rehr-Zimmerman (Violin), Kezia Bauer (Violin), Maren Kilmer (Viola) & Alex Lewis (Cello) on YouTube
- Dvořák, Cypresses B. 152 Nº. 12 – Performed by the Galatea String Quartet on YouTube