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Đàng Trong (chữ Nôm: 唐冲,[1] lit. "Inner Circuit"), also known as Nam Hà (chữ Hán: 南河, "South of the River"), was the South region of Vietnam, under the lordship of the Nguyễn clan, later enlarged by the Vietnamese southward expansion.[2] The word Đàng Trong first appeared in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum by Alexandre de Rhodes. Contemporary European sources called it Cochinchina or Quinam.
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During the 17th century and almost all the 18th century, Đàng Trong was a de facto independent kingdom ruled by the Nguyễn lords while they claimed to be loyal subjects of the Lê emperors in Thăng Long (Hanoi). It was bordered by Đàng Ngoài along the Linh River (modern Gianh River in Quảng Bình Province). Nguyễn rulers titled themselves as Chúa ("Lord") instead of Vua or King until Lord Nguyễn Phúc Khoát officially claimed the title Vũ Vương ("Martial King") in 1744.[a] The country did not have an official name (quốc hiệu), foreigners often called it the kingdom of Quảng Nam (Chinese: 廣南國; pinyin: guǎng nán guó; Chữ Quốc ngữ: Quảng Nam Quốc), after the Quảng Nam Governorate where the important harbor Hội An (Faifo) located.[3]
See also
edit
Notes
edit- ^ This action does not necessarily mean Nguyễn Phúc Khoát renounced his status as a nominal subject of Lê emperors. For an analogy, in 216 Emperor Xian of Han bestowed the nominal vassal king title "King of Wei" (魏王) upon Grand chancellor Cao Cao
References
edit- ^ Albert Schroeder (1904). Chronologie des souverains de l'Annam par Albert Schroeder (in French). p. 24.
Nguyễn 阮: Dits les seigneurs du Sud ou Chúa đàng trong 主唐冲.
- ^ Nguyễn Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries ed. Tana Li p99 onwards "Life in Đàng Trong: A New Way of Being Vietnamese"
- ^ Việt Nam sử lược, vol. 2, chap. 6
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