The Dauphiné Alps (French: Alpes du Dauphiné) are a group of mountain ranges in Southeastern France, west of the main chain of the Alps. Mountain ranges within the Dauphiné Alps include the Massif des Écrins in Écrins National Park, Belledonne, Le Taillefer range and the mountains of Matheysine.
| Dauphiné Alps | |
|---|---|
 La Meije seen from the Emparis plateau | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Barre des Écrins |
| Elevation | 4,102 m (13,458 ft)[1] |
| Coordinates | 44°55′23″N 6°21′36″E / 44.92306°N 6.36000°E |
| Naming | |
| Native name | Alpes du Dauphiné (French) |
| Geography | |
 Dauphiné Alps (section nr.5) within Western Alps | |
| Country | France |
| Regions | |
| Rivers | |
| Parent range | Alps |
| Borders on | |
| Geology | |
| Orogeny | Alpine orogeny |
Etymology
editThe Dauphiné (pronounced [dofine]) is a former French province whose area roughly corresponded to that of the present departments of Isère, Drôme, and Hautes-Alpes.
Geography
editThey are separated from the Cottian Alps in the east by the Col du Galibier and the upper Durance valley; from the western Graian Alps (Vanoise Massif) in the north-east by the river Arc; from the lower ranges Vercors Plateau and Chartreuse Mountains in the west by the rivers Drac and Isère. Many peaks rise to more than 10,000 feet (3,000 m), with Barre des Écrins (4,102 m) the highest.
Administratively the French part of the range belongs to the French departments of Isère, Hautes-Alpes and Savoie.
The whole range is drained by the Rhone through its tributaries.
It has been proposed that the height of mountains in the Dauphiné Alps is limited by the erosion caused by small glaciers, causing a topographic effect called the glacial buzzsaw.[2]
Peaks
editThe chief peaks of the Dauphiné Alps are:
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Passes
edit
The chief passes of the Dauphiné Alps are:
| name | location | type | elevation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| m | ft | |||
| Brèche de la Meije | La Berarde to la Grave | snow | 3,300 | 10,827 |
| Brèche des Grandes Rousses | Allemont to Clavans | snow | 3,100 | 10,171 |
| Brèche de Valsenestre | Bourg d'Oisans to Valsenestre | footpath | 2,634 | 8,642 |
| Col Bayard | La Mure to Gap | road | 1,246 | 4,088 |
| Col de la Casse Deserte | La Berarde to La Grave | snow | 3,510 | 11,516 |
| Col de la Croix de Fer | Bourg d'Oisans to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | road | 2,062 | 6,765 |
| Col de la Croix Haute | Grenoble to Serres and Gap | road, railroad | 1,167 | 3,829 |
| Col de la Lauze | Saint-Christophe-en-Oisans to La Grave | snow | 3,543 | 11,624 |
| Col de l'Alpe de Vénosc | Vénosc to Les Deux Alpes | bridle path | 1,660 | 5,446 |
| Col de la Muande | St Christophe to the Val Gaudemar | snow | 3,059 | 10,036 |
| Col de la Muzelle | St Christophe to Valsenestre | footpath | 2,500 | 8,202 |
| Col d'Arsine | La Grave to Le Monêtier-les-Bains | bridle path | 2,400 | 7,874 |
| Col de la Temple | La Berarde to Vallouise | snow | 3,283 | 10,771 |
| Col de la Vaurze | Val Gaudemar to Valjouffrey | footpath | 2,600 | 8,530 |
| Col de l'Eychauda | Vallouise to Le Monêtier-les-Bains | bridle path | 2,429 | 7,969 |
| Col de l'Infernet | La Grave to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | footpath | 2,690 | 8,825 |
| Col de Martignare | La Grave to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | footpath | 2,600 | 8,530 |
| Col des Aiguilles d'Arves | Valloire to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | snow | 3,150 | 10,335 |
| Col des Avalanches | La Berarde to Vallouise | snow | 3,511 | 11,519 |
| Col des Ecrins | La Berarde to Vallouise | snow | 3,415 | 11,204 |
| Col des Prés Nouveaux | Le Freney to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | bridle path | 2,293 | 7,523 |
| Col des Quirlies | Saint-Jean-d'Arves to Clavans | snow | 2,950 | 9,678 |
| Col des Sept Laux | Allevard to Bourg d'Oisans | bridle path | 2,184 | 7,165 |
| Col des Tourettes | Orcières to Châteauroux-les-Alpes | bridle path | 2,580 | 8,465 |
| Col de Val Estrete | Val Gaudemar to Champoléon | footpath | 2,620 | 8,596 |
| Col de Vallonpierre | Val Gaudemar to Champoléon | footpath | 2,620 | 8,596 |
| Col d'Orcières | Dormillouse to Orcières | bridle path | 2,700 | 8,858 |
| Col d'Ornon | Bourg d'Oisans to La Mure | road | 1,360 | 4,462 |
| Col du Clot des Cavales | La Berarde to La Grave | snow | 3,128 | 10,262 |
| Col du Galibier | Col du Lautaret to Saint-Michel-de-Maurienne | road | 2,658 | 8,720 |
| Col du Glacier Blanc | La Grave to Vallouise | snow | 3,308 | 10,853 |
| Col du Glandon | Bourg d'Oisans to La Chambre | road | 1,951 | 6,401 |
| Col du Goleon | La Grave to Valloire | footpath | 2,880 | 9,449 |
| Col du Lautaret | Briançon to Bourg d'Oisans | road | 2,075 | 6,808 |
| Col du Loup du Valgaudemar | Vallouise to the Val Gaudemar | snow | 3,112 | 10,210 |
| Col du Says | La Berarde to the Val Gaudemar | snow | 3,136 | 10,289 |
| Col du Sele | La Berarde to Vallouise | snow | 3,302 | 10,833 |
| Col du Sellar | Vallouise to the Val Gaudemar | snow | 3,067 | 10,062 |
| Col Emile Pic | La Grave to Vallouise | snow | 3,502 | 11,490 |
| Col Lombard | La Grave to Saint-Jean-d'Arves | snow | 3,100 | 10,171 |
| Pas de la Cavale | Vallouise to Champoléon | dirt road | 2,740 | 8,990 |
References
edit- ^ Highest summit elevation as reported on Géoportail of Institut Géographique National
- ^ Evans, I.S. (2013). "Glacial landsforms, erosional features". In Elias, Scott A.; Mock, Cary J. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 861. ISBN 978-0-444-53643-3.
Maps
edit- French official cartography (Institut Géographique National - IGN); on-line version: www.geoportail.fr