David the Invincible

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David the Invincible or David the Philosopher was a neoplatonist philosopher of the 6th century.[1]

David the Invincible depicted in medieval manuscript of Definition of Philosophy (Matenadaran, Ms. 1746, c. 1280)
The 1985 statue of David the Invincible in Yerevan

David was a pupil of Olympiodorus in Alexandria. His works, originally written in Greek, survive in medieval Armenian translation, and he was given the byname of "invincible" (Classical Armenian: Անյաղթ; reformed: Անհաղթ, Anhağt) in the Armenian tradition, which considers David himself an Armenian. Whereas, Tara Andrews states his ethnicity is uncertain.[2]

Due to confusion with other authors called David and due to an abundant body of medieval legend, almost nothing is known with certainty about the historical David. Armenian tradition makes him a native of Taron,[3] but this is not substantiated in contemporary sources and may be due to conflation with another person.[4][5][6] He was active in Alexandria in Byzantine Egypt, known as an expert in Aristotle's Physics.[7] He supposedly received the byname "invincible" for his exceptional oratory and argumentative skills.[3] David is said to have returned to his native Armenia later in life, where he was active as a teacher, but he came into conflict with the Armenian church and ultimately died in exile in Haghbat.[3]

Of the number of works attributed to him, many are pseudepigraphic or doubtful. The works which can be attributed to him with certainty or at least with some plausibility are not scholarly treatises but propedeutic (introductory) handbooks for use in teaching beginners. They were composed in Greek but survive only in Armenian translation. Philologically, these translations are important representatives of the "Hellenizing" tradition in Armenian literature (Yownaban Dproc‘) of the 6th to 8th centuries.[8][9]

The David Anhaght Medal, the highest-ranking medal granted by the Armenian Academy of Philosophy, is named after him.[10] David the Invincible (Դավիթ Անհաղթ - David Anhaght, Armenfilm) is a 1978 film by Levon Mkrtchyan.

References

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  1. ^ Andrews 2013, p. 36.
  2. ^ Andrews 2013, p. 35-36.
  3. ^ a b c Hacikyan, Agop J. (2000). The heritage of Armenian literature. Detroit: Wayne State Univ. Press. p. 288. ISBN 0814328156.
  4. ^ Calzolari 2009, pp. 22f..
  5. ^ Muradyan 2014, pp. 1–2.
  6. ^ Westerink, Leendert Gerrit; Trouillard, Jean; Segonds, A. Ph, eds. (1990). Prolégomènes à la philosophie de Platon. Collection Budé (in French and Greek). Paris: Les Belles Lettres. p. XXXVII. ISBN 978-2-251-00412-9. OCLC 26404365.
  7. ^ Calzolari & Barnes 2009.
  8. ^ Valentina Calzolari: Aux origines de la formation du corpus philosophique en Arménie: quelques remarques sur les versions arméniennes des commentaires grecs de David. In: Cristina D’Ancona (ed.): The Libraries of the Neoplatonists, Leiden 2007, 259–278, here: 261–264
  9. ^ Calzolari 2009, pp. 15–20.
  10. ^ "Grand Medal of David the Invincible". International Progress Organization.

Bibliography

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