Dawatdar (Persian: دواتدار) or Dawadar (Arabic: دوادار), also Duwaydar and Amir Dawat, was a senior court office in medieval Islamic states. Meaning 'the keeper of the inkpot', it was created during the Seljuk Empire. It denoted the head of the chancery, and derived its name from the royal inkpot, symbol of office of the viziers of the Abbasid caliphs.[2]
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Under the Mamluk Sultanate it was initially a lowly office, but during the Burji dynasty it became one of the seven most important offices, being termed 'Grand Keeper of the Inkpot' (dawadar kabir), and receiving additional, junior dawadars as aides.[2] The office variously had responsibilities over tax and harvest collection in Upper Egypt, or the mustering of soldiers for campaigns; some holders of the office accumulated great power, and some even rose to become sultans themselves.[2]
In the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire, the dawatdars were mere chancery scribes.[2]
References
edit- ^ Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan, D. (2011). The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335). Leiden ; Boston: Brill. p. 130. ISBN 978-90-04-18635-4.
The davāt-dār (chief secretary) who commanded the Caliph's army was encamped between Baʿqūbā and Bājisrā. Hearing that the Mongol army was approaching from the west, the davāt-dār crossed the Tigris and joined battle with the Mongols near Anbār. The Mongols retreated and, joining Baiju 's main army, opened a canal on the river Tigris. Half of the Caliph's army was drowned and half was defeated in the attacks that followed. The davāt-dār made an attempt to escape by boat down the Tigris. Being unsuccessful, he fled back to Baghdad.
- ^ a b c d Ayalon 1965, p. 172.
Sources
edit- Ayalon, D. (1965). "Dawādār". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume II: C–G. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 172. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1740. OCLC 495469475.