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Maryanne Demasi

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Maryanne Demasi is an Australian investigative journalist and presenter best known for her controversial work with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Catalyst television program. Demasi challenges the scientific consensus on cholesterol, saturated fat and statins. She has argued that high-blood cholesterol and high saturated fat consumption do not cause or increase risk of cardiovascular disease and that cholesterol-reducing drugs such as statins are ineffective. These claims have been criticized by medical experts as dangerous and misleading.[1][2][3][4]

Maryanne Demasi
Occupation(s)Journalist, presenter

Demasi became nationally prominent for television stories[5] that resulted in controversy, contributing to early rumours of the axing of Catalyst followed by an announcement of its planned restructuring and possible redeployment of staff.[6]

Background

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Demasi completed a doctorate in rheumatology at the University of Adelaide and worked for a decade at the Royal Adelaide Hospital as a research scientist.[7] She also worked as an advisor to the South Australian Government's Minister for Science and Information Economy.[7]

In 2003, Demasi co-authored a paper in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, on the "Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production" which was based on her PhD dissertation for the University of Adelaide. In 2017, an expression of concern was published to "inform readers that credible concerns have been raised regarding some of the data and conclusions".[8] The paper was retracted in 2018 after an investigation by the Journal determined that data had been duplicated.[9][10] However, an administrative tribunal hearing on the matter, conducted by the University of Adelaide, exonerated Demasi of all allegations. "In response to three allegations, the 'duplication' represented the 'baseline' value for time course experiments and they were intended to indicate there is only one baseline for both the normoxia and hypoxia treatments. The expert witnesses at the hearing, and the panel agreed this was acceptable practice at the time, circa 2002, and did not constitute a breach in any code." The panel ruled that it could not substantiate any of the allegations made by the complainant.[11]

Demasi advocates low-carbohydrate diets and has spoken at events such as Low Carb Sydney in which she delivered a presentation "Statin Wars" in 2018.[12][13][14] In 2017, Demasi wrote an article with Robert H. Lustig and Aseem Malhotra arguing that the cholesterol hypothesis is "dead".[15] In 2021, Demasi co-authored a paper with Robert DuBroff challenging statin therapy.[16] As of 2022, Demasi is a writer for the Brownstone Institute, an organization that has been criticized by medical experts for spreading misinformation against vaccines.[17][18]

Catalyst controversies

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Statin report

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Demasi produced and presented two controversial episodes on the science program Catalyst, called "The Heart of the Matter", in October 2013, which questioned the link between cholesterol, cholesterol-reducing medication and ill-health.[1][19] A large number of individuals and professional organisations within the medical community responded to the show negatively, stating that its claims were misleading and ignored the scientific consensus.[2] The National Heart Foundation of Australia published an eight-page rebuttal of the claims presented in the program.[3]

Demasi was accused of bias by ABC's MediaWatch program[20] and received criticism from health specialists for incomplete and biased coverage of life-threatening health issues.[21][22][23] In response to these allegations, Demasi said that participants in the program had been presented with her material and agreed with her interpretation.[24] The National Heart Foundation responded, saying that Demasi had not presented the research,[25] ignored and misinterpreted the information provided and selectively edited quotes to invert their meaning. In May 2014 the ABC removed the two episodes from its website.[26] after an internal review found that both programs met the ABC editorial standards for factual accuracy, though a section in the second episode breached standards of impartiality. The report also found that the programs were not found to cause any undue harm to the public and took adequate steps to ensure people did not cease their medications without consulting their doctor.[27] Despite the finding of the ABC's report, the Medical Journal of Australia (MJA) claimed that there was a temporary increase in discontinuation of statins and a sustained decrease in the dispensing of statins immediately following the broadcast of the program.[28]

"Wi-Fried" episode

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Demasi produced a report in a February 2016 episode of Catalyst called "Wi-Fried" on Wi-Fi and cellphone safety. In her report she detailed the scientific debate about health effects from low level exposures and she raised questions about the long term effects of low level microwave exposures in schools. Her report shows a school where the Wi-Fi routers are turned off when not in use to reduce microwave radiation exposure. Her report was described as unbalanced by Media Watch,[29] criticised by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA)[30] and in the media by groups and scientists who have long believed it is impossible for microwave radiation to have effects at low levels.[31][32][33][34][35] Demasi defended her report in an article in The Guardian[36] and responded to specific criticism in the Huffington Post.[37] Catalyst also defended the episode in a letter to Media Watch.[38] Demasi was stood down as a reporter and the program was placed under review. A public on-air apology statement was broadcast on the ABC on 5 July 2016, and the episode was withdrawn from the ABC's website.

Awards

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Demasi has been awarded National Press Club of Australia prizes in 2008, 2009 and 2011 for "Excellence in Health Journalism".[39][40][41] In 2014 she was a finalist in the Association of International Broadcasting Awards for her Catalyst episode "Toxic Sugar", subsequently won by David Attenborough.[42]

References

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  1. ^ a b "Catalyst challenges the mainstream". Abc.net.au. 11 July 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Sections of the medical community question Catalyst program about cholesterol and heart disease - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 31 October 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  3. ^ a b "ABC Media Watch : Heart Foundation : Response to ABC Catalyst program" (PDF). Abc.net.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  4. ^ "ABC takes down Catalyst heart disease episodes after review criticism". theguardian.com. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  5. ^ "Catalyst Wi-Fried and statins reports fail viewers with bad science journalism". The Sydney Morning Herald. 6 July 2016.
  6. ^ "ABC 'saves' Catalyst, but staff to go in restructure". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  7. ^ a b "ABC presenter Maryanne Demasi loses compensation claim after jogging fall". perthnow.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  8. ^ Demasi M, Cleland LG, Cook-Johnson RJ, Caughey GE, James MJ. (2017). "Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production: Dissociation between changes in cyclooxygenase-2 expression and eicosanoid synthesis". J Biol Chem. 292 (38): 15993. doi:10.1074/jbc.A117.305944. PMC 5612130. PMID 28939754.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Demasi M, Cleland LG, Cook-Johnson RJ, Caughey GE, James MJ (2018). "Retraction: Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production: Dissociation between changes in cyclooxygenase-2 expression and eicosanoid synthesis". J Biol Chem. 293 (52): 20013. doi:10.1074/jbc.RX118.007017. PMC 6311510. PMID 30593534.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "Journal retracts paper by controversial Australian journalist". retractionwatch.com. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  11. ^ "Vigilance versus vigilantism in science: Are ethics no longer important?". ahrecs.com. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
  12. ^ "Opinion: It’s time to clear up the misinformation about low carb diets". news.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  13. ^ "Low Carb Sydney 2017". lowcarbdownunder.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  14. ^ "Low Carb Sydney 2018". lowcarbdownunder.com.au. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  15. ^ "The cholesterol and calorie hypotheses are both dead — it is time to focus on the real culprit: insulin resistance". pharmaceutical-journal.com. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  16. ^ DuBroff R; Demasi M. (2021). "Heart disease: The forgotten pandemic". Prev Med. 153: 106791. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106791. PMID 34508732. S2CID 237486073.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ "Maryanne Demasi". brownstone.org. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  18. ^ David Gorski (24 January 2022). "The "spiritual child of the Great Barrington Declaration" promotes antivaccine misinformation". Science-Based Medicine.
  19. ^ O'Leary, Cathy (2 November 2013). "Patients swamp GPs in anti-cholesterol pill confusion | Health+Medicine". Health.thewest.com.au. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  20. ^ "Media Watch: Catalyst challenges the mainstream (11/11/2013)". Abc.net.au. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  21. ^ Peter Martin (4 November 2013). "ABC report could cause death, says ABC health specialist". Smh.com.au. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  22. ^ Peter Clifton (6 November 2013). "Odds of surviving are better with statins". Theage.com.au. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  23. ^ Peter Martin (4 November 2013). "ABC report could cause death, says ABC health specialist". Theage.com.au. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  24. ^ "PM - Backlash against ABC's Catalyst program questioning heart disease-cholesterol links 31/10/2013". Abc.net.au. 4 May 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  25. ^ "Heart Foundation 'shocked' at ABC decision to run Catalyst program on cholesterol drugs statins - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. 2 November 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  26. ^ "ABC will take down two controversial Catalyst episodes on heart disease". Theage.com.au. 12 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  27. ^ "Catalyst 'Heart of the Matter' Investigation Report" (PDF). Abc.net.au. 12 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  28. ^ Schaffer, Andrea L.; Buckley, Nicholas A.; Dobbins, Timothy A.; Banks, Emily; Pearson, Sallie-Anne (15 February 2015). "MJA The crux of the matter: did the ABC's Catalyst program change statin use in Australia?". The Medical Journal of Australia. 202 (11): 591–594. doi:10.5694/mja15.00103. hdl:1885/102663. PMID 26068693. S2CID 29808041. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  29. ^ "Media Watch: Catalyst cops criticism over 'Wi-fried?' (22/02/2016)". Abc.net.au. 22 February 2016.
  30. ^ "ARPANSA - News 17 February 2016 - Mobile Phones, Wi-Fi Devices and Health". Arpansa.gov.au.
  31. ^ Darren Saunders (17 February 2016). "Do Wi-Fi and mobile phones really cause cancer? Experts respond". The Conversation.
  32. ^ "News - Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research @ UOW". Archived from the original on 22 February 2016.
  33. ^ "Scared of frying your brain with Wi-Fi?". RiAus.tv. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  34. ^ "ABC's Catalyst criticised for linking Wi-Fi with brain tumours". The Sydney Morning Herald. 17 February 2016.
  35. ^ "ABC slammed for 'scientifically bankrupt' report". The New Daily. 17 February 2016.
  36. ^ Maryanne Demasi (15 February 2016). "Mobile phones and brain cancer: 'no evidence of health risk' is not the same as 'safe'". the Guardian.
  37. ^ "Sometimes Asking Questions Provides You With Answers That May Be Uncomfortable". Huffingtonpost.com.au. 19 February 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  38. ^ "Catalyst : Media Watch Letter" (PDF). Abc.net.au. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  39. ^ "Joint Media Release – Australia's best health journalism recognised". Medicines Australia. 22 November 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  40. ^ "Australia's Best Health Journalism Recognised (Joint media release)". Medicines Australia. 28 October 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  41. ^ "Australia's Best Health Journalism Recognised (Joint Media Release)". Medicines Australia. 13 August 2008. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  42. ^ "The 10th Annual AIB Awards cover the globe". AIB. 6 November 2014. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
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