Wikipedia

Denton, Texas

(Redirected from Denton Texas)

Denton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Denton County. With a population of 139,869 as of 2020,[12] it is the 20th-most populous city in Texas, the 177th-most populous city in the United States, and the 12th-most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.

Denton, Texas
City
A stone building with a cloudy sky in the background. Three floors are shown with windows on each floor. There's a door entrance on the first floor and a large clock on the tower overhead.
Denton County Courthouse-on-the-Square
A 3D black and white star. The words "City of Denton Denton, Texas" encircle the star.
Seal
Nicknames: 
Little Austin,[1] Little D,[2] Redbud Capital of Texas[3]
A map showing the state of Texas divided into counties. Denton County is located in north-eastern Texas, two counties south of the Oklahoma–Texas border.
Location of Denton in Denton County, Texas
Denton is located in Texas
Denton
Denton
Denton is located in the United States
Denton
Denton
Coordinates: 33°12′59″N 97°7′45″W / 33.21639°N 97.12917°W / 33.21639; -97.12917
Country United States
State Texas
CountyDenton
Incorporated1866
Government
 • TypeCouncil–manager
 • City CouncilMayor Gerard Hudspeth
Mayor Pro Tem Brian Beck (Dist 2)
Vicki Byrd (Dist 1)
Paul Meltzer (Dist 3)
Joe Holland (Dist 4)
Chris Watts (at-large)
Brandon Chase McGee (at-large)
[4]
 • City ManagerSara Hensley [5]
 • City AttorneyMack Reinwand[6]
Area
[7]
 • City97.95 sq mi (253.70 km2)
 • Land96.35 sq mi (249.55 km2)
 • Water1.60 sq mi (4.14 km2)  1.527[9]%
Elevation
[10]
659 ft (201 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City139,869
 • Density1,451.68/sq mi (560.49/km2)
 • Urban
429,461 (US: 96th)[8]
 • Urban density2,853.9/sq mi (1,101.9/km2)
DemonymDentonian or Dentonite
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Zip Codes
76201–76210
Area code(s)940, 682,817[11]
FIPS code48-19972[12]
GNIS feature ID2410323[10]
WebsiteCity of Denton
Denton map
Denton, TX city map. Outlines and buildings updated in the year 2023.

A Texas land grant led to the formation of Denton County in 1846, and the city was incorporated in 1866. Both were named after pioneer and Texas militia captain John B. Denton. The arrival of a railroad line in the city in 1881 spurred population, and the establishment of the University of North Texas in 1890 and Texas Woman's University in 1901 distinguished the city from neighboring regions. After the construction of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport finished in 1974, the city had more rapid growth; as of 2011, Denton was the seventh-fastest growing city with a population of over 100,000 in the country.

Located on the far north end of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex in North Texas on Interstate 35, Denton is known for its active music scene; the North Texas State Fair and Rodeo, Denton Arts and Jazz Festival, and Thin Line Fest attract over 300,000 people to the city each year. The city has hot, humid summers and few extreme weather events. Its diverse citizenry is represented by a nonpartisan city council, and numerous county and state departments have offices in the city. With over 45,000 students enrolled at the two universities within its city limits, Denton is often characterized as a college town. As a result of the universities' growth, educational services play a large role in the city's economy. Residents are served by the Denton County Transportation Authority, which provides commuter rail and bus service to the area.

History

edit
See also: Texas in the American Civil War
 
Map of Denton in 1883

Denton's formation is closely tied to that of Denton County. White settlement of the area began in the mid-1800s when William S. Peters of Kentucky obtained a land grant from the Texas Congress and named it Peters Colony. After initial settlement in the southeast part of the county in 1843, the Texas Legislature voted to form Denton County in 1846.[13] Both the county and the town were named for John B. Denton, a preacher and lawyer who was killed in 1841 during a skirmish with the Kichai people in what is now Tarrant County.[14] Pickneyville and Alton were selected as the county seat before Denton was named the seat in 1857. That year, a commission laid out the city and named the first streets.

On July 8, 1860, approximately half of the downtown Square burned down in what was later called the "Texas Troubles".[15] Fires occurred in ten Texas communities that day, including Dallas and Pilot Point, and were quickly attributed to a slave insurrection.[15] By the end of July, vigilante justice took hold and "[r]egularly constituted law-enforcement agencies stepped aside to allow the vigilantes to do their work. Although no hard evidence was ever adduced to prove the guilt of a single alleged black arsonist or white abolitionist, many unfortunates of both classes were nevertheless hanged for their alleged crimes."[15]

In February 1861, a statewide referendum was held and Texans voted to join the Confederate States of America.[16]

Post–Civil War

edit

Denton incorporated in 1866; its first mayor was J.B. Sawyer.[17] As the city expanded beyond its original boundaries (which extended half a mile in every direction from center of the public square[18]), it became an agricultural trade center for the mill and cottage industries. The arrival of the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881 gave Denton its first rail connection and brought an influx of people to the area.[17] North Texas Normal College, now the University of North Texas, was established in 1890, and the Girls' Industrial College, now Texas Woman's University, was founded in 1901. As the universities increased in size, their impact on Denton's economy and culture increased.[17] Electricity came to Denton in 1905 with the creation of Denton Municipal Electric.

Segregation and Jim Crow era

edit

After the Civil War, "Freedmen Settlements" were started throughout the South.[19] One Freedman Settlement, Quakertown, thrived just south of what is now Texas Woman's University until around 1920, when the city government forcibly removed the residents to make way for a park.[20] Quakertown's Black children were served separately from white children by the Frederick Douglass School.[20] Originally scheduled to open in September 1913, it was mysteriously burned down the night before its scheduled opening.[20] It was rebuilt and in 1949 renamed the "Fred Moore School".[21]

Postwar growth

edit

Denton's population grew from 26,844 in 1960 to 48,063 in 1980. Its connection to the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex via I-35E and I-35W played a major role in the growth, and the opening of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in 1974 led to a population increase. In the 1980s, heavy manufacturing companies like Victor Equipment Company and Peterbilt joined older manufacturing firms such as Moore Business Forms and Morrison Milling Company in Denton. The population rose from 66,270 in 1990 to 80,537 in 2000.[17] In May 2006, Houston-based real estate company United Equities purchased the 100-block of Fry Street and announced that several of the historic buildings would be demolished and the businesses displaced to accommodate a new mixed-use commercial center. Some residents, who sought to preserve the area as a historic and cultural icon, opposed the proposal.[22] The Denton City Council approved a new proposal for the area from Dinerstein Cos in 2010.[23]

Timeline

edit
Timeline of Denton, Texas
  • 2015 – Friendship City relationship formalized with Santa Rosa de Múzquiz, Mexico.[43]
  • 2020 – Gerard Hudspeth became Denton's first African-American mayor.[44]

Geography

edit

Denton is on the northern edge of the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area. These three cities form the area known as the "Golden Triangle of North Texas".[45] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 89.316 square miles (231.33 km2), of which 87.952 square miles (227.79 km2) is land and 1.364 square miles (3.53 km2) is covered by water.[9] The city lies in the northeast edge of the Bend Arch–Fort Worth Basin, which is characterized by flat terrain. Elevation ranges from 500 to 900 feet (150 to 270 m).[13] Part of the city is atop the Barnett Shale, a geological formation believed to contain large quantities of natural gas.[46][47] Lewisville Lake, a man-made reservoir, is 15 miles (24 km) south of the city.

Climate

edit
Denton, Texas
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
1.9
 
 
53
34
 
 
2.6
 
 
62
38
 
 
2.8
 
 
68
45
 
 
3.3
 
 
74
52
 
 
5.4
 
 
82
61
 
 
3.3
 
 
90
69
 
 
2.5
 
 
94
73
 
 
2.3
 
 
92
72
 
 
3.4
 
 
85
65
 
 
4.8
 
 
77
54
 
 
2.9
 
 
64
43
 
 
2.7
 
 
57
36
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: Weather.com / NWS
Metric conversion
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
49
 
 
12
1
 
 
65
 
 
17
3
 
 
72
 
 
20
7
 
 
84
 
 
23
11
 
 
137
 
 
28
16
 
 
84
 
 
32
21
 
 
64
 
 
34
23
 
 
57
 
 
33
22
 
 
85
 
 
29
18
 
 
122
 
 
25
12
 
 
73
 
 
18
6
 
 
68
 
 
14
2
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

With its hot, humid summers and cool winters, Denton's climate is characterized as humid subtropical and is within USDA hardiness zone 8a. The city's all-time high temperature is 113 °F (45 °C), recorded in 1954. Dry winds affect the area in the summer and can bring temperatures of over 100 °F (38 °C), although the average summer temperature highs range from 91 to 96 °F (33 to 36 °C) between June and August. The all-time recorded low is −6 °F (−21 °C), set on February 16, 2021, and the coolest month is January, with daily low temperatures averaging 33 °F (1 °C).[48] Denton lies on the southern end of what is commonly referred to as "Tornado Alley"; the National Weather Service occasionally issues tornado watches, but tornadoes rarely form in the city. The city receives about 37.7 inches (96 cm) of rain per year.[48] Flash floods and severe thunderstorms are frequent in the spring.[49] Average snowfall is similar to the Dallas–Fort Worth average of 2.4 inches (6.1 cm) per year.[50]

Climate data for Denton, Texas (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1913–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 90
(32) 		96
(36) 		99
(37) 		102
(39) 		111
(44) 		108
(42) 		113
(45) 		113
(45) 		111
(44) 		103
(39) 		92
(33) 		89
(32) 		113
(45)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 75
(24) 		79
(26) 		86
(30) 		88
(31) 		94
(34) 		98
(37) 		102
(39) 		103
(39) 		98
(37) 		91
(33) 		82
(28) 		76
(24) 		105
(41)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 55.8
(13.2) 		59.6
(15.3) 		67.7
(19.8) 		75.6
(24.2) 		82.9
(28.3) 		91.1
(32.8) 		95.9
(35.5) 		95.8
(35.4) 		88.5
(31.4) 		78.1
(25.6) 		66.2
(19.0) 		57.4
(14.1) 		76.2
(24.6)
Daily mean °F (°C) 45.0
(7.2) 		48.5
(9.2) 		56.3
(13.5) 		64.2
(17.9) 		72.8
(22.7) 		81.1
(27.3) 		85.4
(29.7) 		85.0
(29.4) 		77.7
(25.4) 		66.7
(19.3) 		55.2
(12.9) 		46.8
(8.2) 		65.4
(18.6)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 34.1
(1.2) 		37.4
(3.0) 		44.8
(7.1) 		52.8
(11.6) 		62.7
(17.1) 		71.1
(21.7) 		74.9
(23.8) 		74.2
(23.4) 		66.8
(19.3) 		55.3
(12.9) 		44.1
(6.7) 		36.1
(2.3) 		54.5
(12.5)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 20
(−7) 		23
(−5) 		29
(−2) 		38
(3) 		48
(9) 		62
(17) 		68
(20) 		66
(19) 		54
(12) 		40
(4) 		29
(−2) 		22
(−6) 		16
(−9)
Record low °F (°C) −3
(−19) 		−2
(−19) 		5
(−15) 		25
(−4) 		35
(2) 		47
(8) 		51
(11) 		52
(11) 		36
(2) 		16
(−9) 		10
(−12) 		0
(−18) 		−3
(−19)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.20
(56) 		2.83
(72) 		3.36
(85) 		3.67
(93) 		4.86
(123) 		3.58
(91) 		2.29
(58) 		2.44
(62) 		2.96
(75) 		4.64
(118) 		2.94
(75) 		2.67
(68) 		38.44
(976)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 7.3 7.2 7.3 6.7 9.4 6.6 4.6 5.5 5.2 6.9 6.0 6.9 79.6
Source: NOAA[51][52][53]

Demographics

edit
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1870361—
18801,194230.7%
18902,558114.2%
19004,18763.7%
19104,73213.0%
19207,62661.2%
19309,58725.7%
194011,19216.7%
195021,37291.0%
196026,84425.6%
197039,87448.5%
198048,06320.5%
199066,27037.9%
200080,53721.5%
2010113,38340.8%
2020139,86923.4%
2021 (est.)148,146[12]5.9%

2020 census

edit
Denton city, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[54] Pop 2010[55] Pop 2020[56] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 55,585 70,190 76,532 69.02% 61.91% 54.72%
Black or African American alone (NH) 7,255 11,370 15,415 9.01% 10.03% 11.02%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 380 569 624 0.47% 0.50% 0.45%
Asian alone (NH) 2,725 4,597 6,030 3.38% 4.05% 4.31%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 42 104 152 0.05% 0.09% 0.11%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 128 155 497 0.16% 0.14% 0.36%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) 1,234 2,327 6,166 1.53% 2.05% 4.41%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 13,188 24,071 34,453 16.38% 21.23% 24.63%
Total 80,537 113,383 139,869 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

Along with much of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, Denton has grown rapidly since the beginning of the 21st century, becoming the seventh-fastest growing city in the U.S. with a population over 100,000 between 2010 and 2011.[57] The median income for a household was $60,018 in 2020. The per capita income was $29,109. About 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line. Denton fares above the national average with 90.4% of the population high school graduated or higher and 38.9% with a bachelor's degree or higher.[12] According to the 2020 United States census, there were 139,869 people, 47,777 households, and 28,430 families residing in the city. Denton's population made it the 197th largest city in the United States and the 20th largest in Texas per the 2020 census.

The United States Census Bureau defines an urban area of northern Dallas-area suburbs that are separated from the Dallas–Fort Worth urban area, with Denton and Lewisville as the principal cities: the Denton–Lewisville, TX urban area had a population of 429,461 as of the 2020 census, ranked 96th in the United States.[8]

Economy

edit

The educational services, health and social services, manufacturing, and general retail sectors employ over 20,000 people in Denton. The city's three largest educational institutions, including the University of North Texas, Denton Independent School District, and Texas Woman's University, are the largest employers, employing almost 12,000 people. The University of North Texas is the city's largest employer, with 7,764 employees comprising 12.59% of the workforce. The City of Denton also employs more than 1,334 people.[58] Wholesale trade and hospitality jobs also play major roles.[59] Notable businesses headquartered in Denton include truck manufacturer Peterbilt, beauty supplier Sally Beauty Company, and jewelry producer Jostens. Golden Triangle Mall, the city's largest shopping complex with over 90 specialty shops, is a major source of retail trade.[60]

Top employers

edit

According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[61] the top employers in Denton were:

# Employer Number of
employees
1 University of North Texas 4,614
2 Denton Independent School District 4,417
3 Peterbilt Motors 3,075
4 Texas Woman's University 1,875
5 Denton County (in Denton) 1,803
6 City of Denton 1,757
7 Denton State Supported Living Center 1,700
8 Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Denton 1,076
9 Medical City Denton 950
9 Sally Beauty Holding,Inc 950

Arts and cultural life

edit

Denton is home to several annual artistic and cultural events that cater to residents and tourists. The annual North Texas State Fair and Rodeo began in 1928 and promotes Texas's cowboy culture. In addition to a rodeo, the event features several local country rock performances, pageants, and food contests. Hosted by the North Texas State Fairgrounds since 1948, the fair brings in over 150,000 people during its nine-day run.

The Denton Municipal Airport has hosted the annual Denton Airshow since 1998. The event includes aerial demonstrations and airplane exhibits; it attracted over 10,000 attendees in 2012.[62] Other events in the city include an annual Redbud Festival,[63][64] the Fiesta on the Square,[65] the Thin Line Fest,[66] and the Day of the Dead Festival.[67][68][69] Denton houses the largest community garden in the nation, Shiloh Field Community Garden, which covers 14.5 acres.[70]

Music

edit
See also: Musicians from Denton, Texas

Denton's independent music scene has emerged alongside its academic music establishments, including the University of North Texas College of Music.[71] The city's live music venues are largely supported by Denton's college-town atmosphere, although show attendance is bolstered by area residents.[72] Since 1976 the Denton Community Band and Jazz Ensemble has provided performance opportunities at local concerts and holiday festivals for the many talented amateur musicians incubated in Denton's rich environment of music education.[73] The Dallas Observer features a column on Denton's music scene.[74] In 2007 and 2008, Denton's music scene received feature attention from The Guardian, Pop Matters, and The New York Times.[75] Paste Magazine named Denton's music scene the best in the nation in 2008.[76] In 2014, the Huffington Post listed Denton as Texas's top emerging cultural hot spot, calling Denton "practically an indie band factory at this point".[77]

The city-sponsored Denton Arts and Jazz Festival attracts over 200,000 people each year for live music, food, crafts, and recreation at Civic Center Park.[78] With hopes to create a live music event like South by Southwest, Denton held the first North by 35 Music Festival, later renamed 35 Denton, in March 2009. The festival ceased in 2017 after running annually for several years.[79][80] The city has also hosted the annual film and music festival Thin Line Fest annually since 2007. It is Texas's longest-running documentary film festival and attracts thousands of tourists over a few days each year.[81]

Denton Square

edit
 
Denton Historic Town Square

The Denton Square, bordered by Oak, Hickory, Locust, and Elm Streets, is a cultural and political hub of the city. At its center is the Denton County Courthouse-on-the-Square, which includes local government offices and a museum showcasing area history and culture.[82]

Listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places, the former county courthouse was restored for the Texas Sesquicentennial in 1986.[83] The positive response to the renovation sparked a downtown revitalization program that generated new jobs and reinvestment capital.[84] The downtown square is populated by local shops and restaurants, some of which have been in business since the 1940s. Each year, the downtown square is adorned with lights and spotlighted during the Denton Holiday Lighting Festival.[85]

In 1918, the Daughters of the Confederacy erected the Denton Confederate Soldier Monument, a 12-foot tall (3.7 m) granite, arched monument topped with a statue of a Confederate soldier, in the Denton Square on the courthouse lawn.[86] The monument was controversial, and Denton County Commissioners unanimously approved its removal on June 9, 2020.[87]

Government

edit

Local government

edit
 
Denton County Courts Building

Denton is the county seat of Denton County. From 1914 to 1959, the City of Denton used a mayor–city commission system, but a charter adopted in 1959 created a council–manager form of city government.[17] Residents elect a mayor, four single-member district council members, and two at-large members. The Denton City Council appoints the city manager.[17] Council terms are for two years, with a maximum of three consecutive terms, and elections are held each year in May.[88] Denton Municipal Utilities administers utilities; the city provides water, wastewater, electric, drainage and solid waste service. The electric utility, Denton Municipal Electric (DME), has been in operation since 1905. In 2009, DME began providing 40% of its energy to customers through renewable resources. The City of Denton Water Utilities Department serves the city's water demand. Atmos Energy provides the city's natural gas.[89] Denton is a part of the Sister Cities International program and maintains cultural and economic exchange programs with its sister cities, Madaba, Jordan, and San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.[90]

Denton is a voluntary member of the North Central Texas Council of Governments association, the purpose of which is to coordinate individual and collective local governments and facilitate regional solutions, eliminate unnecessary duplication, and enable joint decisions.

Politics

edit

Denton historically is a solidly Republican-voting city,[citation needed] but it has become more competitive in national elections as its population has diversified, shifting toward the Democratic Party in more recent elections.

Denton city vote by party in presidential elections[91]
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties/Ind.
2020 48.01% 38,910 49.97% 40,499 2.02% 1,637
2016 40.52% 24,943 52.80% 32,501 6.68% 4,112
Denton city vote by party in gubernatorial elections[91]
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties/Ind.
2022 53.22% 27,787 45.13% 23,520 1.53% 800
2018 47.85% 29,623 49.86% 30,865 2.27% 1,410

Federal and state government

edit

After the 2021 redistricting process, new and significantly different political boundaries were set for Denton County. Starting in 2023, most of Denton will be in the 13th Congressional district. The southwest portions of the city will be in the 26th Congressional district.

Almost all of the city is in newly drawn Texas House district 64. Some portions of south, north, and far east Denton are in Texas House districts 57 and 106. All of the city is in the new Texas Senate district 30, except for some western portions in district 12.

Several Texas state agencies have facilities in the city, including a Texas Workforce Center,[92] a Texas Department of Public Safety office,[93] a Texas Department of Criminal Justice office, and a Denton District Parole Office.

The Denton State Supported Living Center, formerly Denton State School, is Texas's largest residential facility for people with developmental disabilities. It serves an 18-county area and employs approximately 1,500 people.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has its Region VI headquarters in Denton.[94]

County and municipal government

edit

All Denton city council and mayoral terms are two years, unlike in most cities in the area, which use three-year terms. Even-numbered years bring the elections of the three at-large seats, places 5 & 6 and mayor. Odd-numbered years bring the elections of the four district council members.

List of mayors of Denton, Texas
  • J. B. Sawyer, 1869
  • W. J. Austin, 1870
  • Dempsey Jackson, 1871
  • W. C. Bobbett, 1872
  • R. B. Coleman, 1873
  • David Jones Eddleman, 1874-1875
  • Joseph Warren Jagoe, 1876
  • M. W. Deavenport Sr., 1877, 1891
  • John Allen Withers, 1878
  • Thomas E. Hogg, 1879
  • I. D. Ferguson, 1880
  • D. N. Dodson, 1881
  • C. L. Herbert Jr., 1882
  • D. A. Robinson, 1883
  • T. W. Abney 1883-1885
  • Oliver Perry Poe, 1885-1888, 1891-1894, 1896-1904, 1910-1911
  • Emory C. Smith, 1888-1890
  • J. A. Carroll, 1890-1891
  • F. M. Davidson, 1894-1895
  • W. L. McCormick, 1904-1905
  • T. J. Simmons, 1906-1907
  • Ed. F. Bates, 1908-1909, 1912-1913
  • W. L. Foreman, 1914-1915
  • R. H. Evers, 1915
  • S. G. Gary, 1916
  • Peter Joseph Beyette, 1917-1919
  • H. V. Hennen, 1919-1925
  • B. W. McKenzie, 1926-1933
  • J. L. Wright, 1934-1937
  • Lee Preston, 1938-1945
  • J. L. Yarborough, 1946-1949, 1956-1957
  • Mark Hannah, 1950-1955
  • Jack Bryson, 1957-1959
  • Frank L. Barrow, 1959-1962
  • W. F. Brooks Sr., 1962
  • Warren Whitson Jr., 1962-1967
  • Zeke Martin, 1967-1969
  • L. A. Nelson, 1969-1970
  • A. M. Finlay Jr., 1970-1972
  • William Nash "Bill" Neu, 1972-1974
  • Tom D. Jester Jr., 1974-1976
  • Elinor Hughes, 1976-1978
  • Joe Mitchell, 1978-1979
  • William Stanley "Bill" Nash, 1979-1980
  • Richard O. Stewart, 1980-1986
  • Ray Stephens, 1986-1989[95]
  • Bob Castleberry, 1990-1995
  • Jack Miller, 1996-1999
  • Euline Brock, 2000-2005
  • Perry McNeill, 2006-2008
  • Mark Burroughs, 2008-2014
  • Chris Watts, 2014-2020
  • Gerard Hudspeth, 2020–present

The mayor is Gerard Hudspeth, who was elected in 2020 and reelected in 2022.

In 2014, city voters approved a ban on fracking.[96]

In 2022, city voters approved decriminalization of possession of misdemeanor amounts of marijuana.[97]

Education

edit

Primary and secondary schools

edit

Denton Independent School District (DISD) provides the public primary and secondary educational system in the majority of the city.[98] The district comprises four comprehensive high schools (Braswell, Denton, Guyer, and Ryan), two alternative high schools, and multiple elementary and middle schools.[99] Small portions of the city extend into the Argyle, Krum, Ponder, and Sanger school districts.[98] The respective comprehensive high schools of these districts are: Argyle, Krum, Ponder, and Sanger.

Denton is also host to several private schools with religious affiliations and alternative education models. According to the 2010 United States Census, 35.1% of all adults over the age of 25 in Denton have obtained a bachelor's degree, as compared to the state average of 25.8%, and 86.1% of residents over the age of 25 have earned a high school diploma, as compared to the state average of 80%.[12]

The high school residential program Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science, for gifted students, is in Denton.

The Roman Catholic Immaculate Conception Catholic School, a K–8 school of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fort Worth, opened in 1995. Construction on the current facility started on July 15, 2001, with its opening on August 19, 2002.[100]

The charter school operator Life's Beautiful Educational Centers Inc. (closed 1999) operated the school L.O.V.E. in Denton.[101]

Public libraries

edit

Denton is served by the Denton Public Library, which has three branches: Emily Fowler Central Library, North Branch Library, and South Branch Library.[102]

University of North Texas

edit
 
The University of North Texas is the second largest university in North Texas.
Main article: University of North Texas

The University of North Texas (UNT) in Denton is the flagship university of the University of North Texas System, which also includes the UNT Health Science Center in Fort Worth, the University of North Texas at Dallas, UNT Dallas College of Law, and a satellite campus in Frisco.[103] With an enrollment of over 42,000, it's the fifth largest university in Texas.[104] The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).[105] Its College of Music, the first school to offer a degree in the field of jazz studies, is internationally recognized and known for producing successful artists.[71]

Texas Woman's University

edit
Main article: Texas Woman's University

Texas Woman's University (TWU) is a public university system in Denton with two health science center campuses in Dallas and Houston. Founded in 1901, the university enrolls more than 13,000 undergraduates and graduates. Men have been admitted to TWU since 1972 but make up less than ten percent of the university. TWU's College of Nursing is the second largest in Texas and in the top 20 of largest nursing programs in the United States, and the school's nursing doctoral program is the largest in the world.[106][107][108]

FSB Exchange at NCTC Denton

edit
Main article: North Central Texas College

North Central Texas College (NCTC) is a public community college based in Gainesville, Texas. Starting in the 2019–2020 school year, North Central Texas College partnered with First State Bank to open a branch campus in downtown Denton. Located in the former Denton Record-Chronicle building, the campus focuses on accounting, business, biology, early childhood education, kinesiology, psychology, and general studies.[109]

Media

edit
See also: List of newspapers in Texas, List of radio stations in Texas, and List of television stations in Texas

Since 1899, the Denton Record-Chronicle has been the newspaper of record for Denton. When it was acquired by Belo Corporation in 1999, the newspaper had a circulation of 16,000.[110] The North Texas Daily and The Lasso provide daily and weekly news to students at the University of North Texas and Texas Woman's University. The city's public television station, Denton TV (DTV), covers city council meetings, restaurant scores, high school football, and educational programming.[111] UNT's television station, ntTV, is broadcast on local channels provided by Charter Communications and Verizon Communications. ntTV News is broadcast live Monday through Thursday.[112] KNTU 88.1 FM is UNT's official radio station. First aired in 1969, the station primarily plays a mixture of jazz and blues and covers local sports and news.[113]

Infrastructure

edit

Health care

edit
 
Medical City Denton, one of the major hospitals in Denton

Two major hospitals operate in Denton: Medical City Denton and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Denton are both full-service hospitals with differing capacities: 208 beds and 255 beds, respectively.[114] Each employs more than 800 employees and are licensed with emergency services.[115]

Fracking ban

edit

In response to the previously mentioned, 2014 city referendum prohibiting hydraulic fracturing (fracking) that passed with 59% of the vote,[96] Texas enacted a law specifying "the exclusive jurisdiction of this state to regulate oil and gas operations in this state and the express preemption of local regulation of those operations",[116] though it allows some "commercially reasonable" rules.[117] Denton's city council put out a statement affirming it will "continue to enforce our current regulations to protect the health and safety of our residents, but we do not know how the operators or courts will react".[118]

Transportation

edit
 
DCTA A-train station at Downtown Denton Transit Center

I-35E and I-35W, which split in Hillsboro south of the Metroplex and come north through Dallas and Fort Worth respectively, rejoin near the University of North Texas campus in the southwest part of Denton to form Interstate 35 as it continues north on its way to Oklahoma. Loop 288 partially encircles the city; it passes through the northern limits of the city by C. H. Collins Athletic Complex and the eastern side near Golden Triangle Mall. Highway 77 and 377 go through the historic town square and Highway 380 connects Denton to Frisco and McKinney in the east and Decatur in the west. Denton Enterprise Airport is a public airport located 3 miles (4.8 km) west of the central business district (CBD) of Denton. This airport serves as home to various cargo and charter operators as well as two flight schools. A new terminal opened in 2008, but as of June 2008 no scheduled commuter service is in place.[119]

Mass transit

edit

Denton is served by the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA), which operates local bus service,[120] on-demand GoZone service,[121] and regional rail to Lewisville and Carrollton, with connections to Dallas' DART rail system. In 2011, Downtown Denton Transit Center and Medpark Station opened as commuter rail stations on DCTA's A-train,[122] which now has five stations and connects to the Green Line of Dallas Area Rapid Transit's (DART) Green Line at Trinity Mills Station. The two transit companies, along with the Trinity Rail Express (TRE) of Fort Worth, offer regional passes to be used on any of the three systems. As of August, 2017 (no deadline announced), rides between the first two (DDTC and Medpark) and the last two (Hebron and Trinity Mills) are "fare-free," though any ride to or through the 3rd stop (Lewisville Lake) will require a paid pass.[123] DCTA states this will relocate downtown parking needs to the underutilized space at Medpark station, and enhance mobility in Downtown Denton, including for students, as well as for residents of Hebron who connect to the DART system one stop away at Trinity Mills.

DCTA also operates the Connect local bus service within Denton, special university shuttles, and on-demand GoZone services in partnership with TransitTech provider Via Transportation. All Connect services (not the A-train) are free of charge for students at the University of North Texas who swipe their ID at the bus entrance.[124] Special Programs for Aging Needs (SPAN), a non-profit organization, offers paratransit service for senior citizens and people with disabilities of all ages.[125]

Notable people

edit
 
Denton, Texas, city limit sign

Politicians and activists

edit

Artists, entertainers, and celebrities

edit

Athletes

edit

Notes

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "How Many of These Texas City Nicknames Do You Know?". July 29, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  2. ^ "Behind The Badge". NBC News. January 29, 2010. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013.
  3. ^ "Celebrate in the Redbud Capital of Texas". Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  4. ^ "About the Denton City Council". Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  5. ^ "City Manager's Office". Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  6. ^ "Denton hires internally to fill City Attorney job". Retrieved October 5, 2021.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  8. ^ a b United States Census Bureau (December 29, 2022). "2020 Census Qualifying Urban Areas and Final Criteria Clarifications". Federal Register.
  9. ^ a b "2010 Census Gazetteer Files – Places". United States Census Bureau. February 1, 2011. Archived from the original (TXT) on January 25, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2012.
  10. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Denton, Texas
  11. ^ "Area Codes for DENTON, TX".
  12. ^ a b c d e "Denton (city), Texas". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  13. ^ a b Odom, E. Dale. "Denton County". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
  14. ^ a b Bates 1918.
  15. ^ a b c REYNOLDS, DONALD E. (June 15, 2010). "TEXAS TROUBLES". tshaonline.org. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  16. ^ BUENGER, WALTER L. (June 15, 2010). "SECESSION". tshaonline.org. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Odom, E. Dale. "Denton, Texas". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
  18. ^ "Denton Record-Chronicle from Denton, Texas on July 4, 1976 · Page 42". July 4, 1976.
  19. ^ "Celebrating Black History Month". Denton County Office of History and Culture: Blog. February 2, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  20. ^ a b c Glaze, Michele Powers (1991). "Quakertown". The Denton Review. Retrieved June 19, 2019.
  21. ^ "Desegregating Denton County's Schools". Denton County Office of History and Culture: Blog. February 23, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  22. ^ Heid, Jason (January 19, 2011). "Can Denton's Fry Street Rise Again?". D Magazine. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  23. ^ "Fry Street Lot in Denton Remains Untouched by Developer". Pegasus News. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on March 8, 2010. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
  24. ^ a b c d Hellmann 2006.
  25. ^ a b c "Texas Historic Sites Atlas". Austin: Texas Historical Commission. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  26. ^ a b "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "History of Denton". City of Denton. Retrieved April 14, 2017. (Timeline)
  28. ^ a b Calendar 1985.
  29. ^ a b c d e f "City Population History from 1850–2000: Denton", Texas Almanac, Texas State Historical Association, January 12, 2011
  30. ^ a b University of North Texas Libraries. "Denton County (TX) Newspaper Collection, 1892-1911". Finding Aids. Retrieved April 14, 2017.
  31. ^ a b Federal Writers' Project 1940.
  32. ^ "Crews find remnants of passenger rail system", Denton Record-Chronicle, September 13, 2014, archived from the original on April 15, 2017, retrieved August 25, 2017
  33. ^ Calendar 1987.
  34. ^ "Historical marker to honor black community that Denton gutted to create a park", Dallas Morning News, January 26, 2013
  35. ^ Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Standard Broadcasting Stations of the United States: Texas", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636  
  36. ^ "NCTCOG Members". Arlington: North Central Texas Council of Governments. Archived from the original on April 8, 2017. Retrieved April 14, 2017.
  37. ^ "County museum celebrates 30-year anniversary", Colony-Courier Leader, Plano, TX: Star Local Media, March 24, 2009
  38. ^ "City of Denton, Texas, USA". Archived from the original on December 21, 1996 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
  39. ^ Kevin Hyde; Tamie Hyde (eds.). "United States of America: Texas". Official City Sites. Utah. OCLC 40169021. Archived from the original on September 25, 2000.
  40. ^ "Texas". Official Congressional Directory. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 2003. hdl:2027/mdp.39015054040954 – via HathiTrust.
  41. ^ "Denton city, Texas". QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  42. ^ "Denton City Council". City of Denton. Retrieved April 14, 2017.
  43. ^ "Denton & Muzquiz". October 4, 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2022.
  44. ^ "Staff Directory". Retrieved November 23, 2022.
  45. ^ "Denton History". City of Denton. Archived from the original on October 10, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  46. ^ "About Barnett Shale". Barnett Shale Energy Education Council. Archived from the original on November 20, 2009. Retrieved November 20, 2009.
  47. ^ Airhart, Marc (January 1, 2007). "Barnett Boom Ignites Hunt for Unconventional Gas Resources". Jackson School of Geosciences (University of Texas at Austin). Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2009.
  48. ^ a b "Average Weather for Denton, TX – Temperature and Precipitation". The Weather Channel. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  49. ^ "Texas Flood Report – 2001". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved December 1, 2009.
  50. ^ "Snowfall – Average Total In Inches". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. August 20, 2008. Archived from the original on June 19, 2011. Retrieved December 1, 2009.
  51. ^ "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  52. ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  53. ^ "Monthly Lowest Min Temperature for DENTON 2 SE, TX, Monthly Highest Max Temperature for DENTON 2 SE, TX". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
  54. ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Denton city, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  55. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Denton city, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  56. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Denton city, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
  57. ^ "Population". dentonedp.com. Denton, Texas: Denton Economic Development Partnership. 2012. State and Federal Estimates. Archived from the original on February 2, 2015. Retrieved October 9, 2012.
  58. ^ Langley, Bryan (December 10, 2012). City of Denton, Texas Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Fiscal Year Year Ending September 30, 2011 (Report). City of Denton. p. 115. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2012.
  59. ^ "Denton Economic Development". Denton Economic Development. Archived from the original on November 11, 2009. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
  60. ^ "Golden Triangle Mall – About Us". Golden Triangle Mall. Archived from the original on April 30, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  61. ^ Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2020 (PDF) (Audited Report). City of Denton, Texas. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 4, 2021. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  62. ^ Cobb, Dawn (June 20, 2012). "'Breakout Year' for Denton Airshow". Denton Record-Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 22, 2012. Retrieved June 22, 2012.
  63. ^ "KDB – Denton Redbud Festival". Keep Denton Beautiful. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
  64. ^ "Official Capital Designations – Texas State Library". Texas State Library and Archives. Retrieved July 9, 2007.
  65. ^ Lewis, Bj (September 14, 2009). "Fiesta on the Square built out of partnerships". Denton Record-Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
  66. ^ "About Thin Line". Thin Line Film Fest. Archived from the original on August 22, 2009. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
  67. ^ Writer, Juan Betancourt Staff (October 29, 2023). "Look: Day of the Dead Fest draws crowds despite rainy weather". Denton Record-Chronicle. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
  68. ^ Steele, Ed. "Denton's Day of the Dead Festival 2015". Dallas Observer. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
  69. ^ Steele, Ed. "Denton's Day of the Dead and Coffin Races". Dallas Observer. Retrieved December 14, 2023.
  70. ^ Wylie, Melissa (April 4, 2014). "Largest community garden in U.S. feeds the hungry in Denton". The Dallas Morning News. James M. Moroney III. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  71. ^ a b "University of North Texas College of Music". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
  72. ^ Sims, Dave (November 21, 2008). "Signs of Life 2008: Best Music Scene – Denton, Texas". Paste. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
  73. ^ "About". www.dentoncommunityband.net. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
  74. ^ Freedman, Pete (May 9, 2008). "Dallas Music – Denton Music Deserves Our Attention". Dallas Observer. Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved October 2, 2009.
  75. ^ Beehner, Lionel (May 11, 2008). "An Indie Scene That Comes With a Texas Twang in Denton". The New York Times. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  76. ^ Lionel Beehner. "Signs of Life 2008: Best Music Scene – Denton, Texas". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2009.
  77. ^ Rao, Mallika (March 18, 2014). "Forget SXSW, Here Are 8 Emerging Cultural Hot Spots You Need To Visit In Texas". Huffington Post.
  78. ^ "Denton Arts & Jazz Festival". City of Denton. Retrieved September 18, 2009.
  79. ^ Breeding, Lucinda (January 30, 2010). "Prestige builds for NX35". Denton Record-Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2010.
  80. ^ "The Road to 35: The Meaning and Reasons Behind A Festival's Various Name-Changes | FrontRow". Frontrow.dmagazine.com. July 20, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2012.
  81. ^ "About". www.thinline.us. Retrieved March 18, 2022.
  82. ^ "National Register of Historical Places – TEXAS (TX), Denton County". National Register of Historical Places. January 5, 2001. Retrieved November 2, 2009.
  83. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  84. ^ "Denton Economic Development". Denton Economic Development Partnership. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
  85. ^ Breeding, Lucinda (November 22, 2011). "No Combo". Denton Record-Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  86. ^ "Confederate Soldiers' Monument". Portal to Texas History. University of North Texas. February 20, 2008. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  87. ^ Ryan Higgs (June 9, 2020). "Commissioners approve removal and relocation of Confederate soldier memorial". Denton Record-Chronicle.
  88. ^ "City Council Members". City of Denton. Archived from the original on October 11, 2009. Retrieved September 21, 2009.
  89. ^ "City of Denton, TX: Denton Municipal Electric". City of Denton. Archived from the original on October 10, 2009. Retrieved October 2, 2009.
  90. ^ "Sister Cities International (Online Directory: Texas, USA)". Sister Cities International. Archived from the original on February 10, 2008. Retrieved April 9, 2007.
  91. ^ a b "votedenton.gov". www.votedenton.gov. Retrieved December 9, 2022.
  92. ^ "Texas Workforce Center Tax Offices". Texas Workforce Center. Retrieved October 30, 2009.
  93. ^ "Denton County, Texas – Department of Public Safety". Denton County. Archived from the original on July 9, 2011. Retrieved October 30, 2009.
  94. ^ "FEMA: Region IV". Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Retrieved October 30, 2009.
  95. ^ "1988 Historical Calendar: Mayors of Denton". 1987. p. 14. Retrieved December 8, 2023 – via University of North Texas Libraries.
  96. ^ a b Krauss, Clifford (November 5, 2014). "Split Decision by Voters on Local Fracking Bans". The New York Times.
  97. ^ "Denton passes one of Texas' first marijuana decriminalization ordinances". Denton Record-Chronicle. November 8, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  98. ^ a b "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Denton County, TX" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved October 3, 2022.
  99. ^ "About Our District". Denton Independent School District. Retrieved November 23, 2012.
  100. ^ "History". Roman Catholic Immaculate Conception Catholic School. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  101. ^ Eskenazi, Stuart (July 22, 1999). "Learning Curves". Houston Press. Retrieved May 28, 2019. - Older URL
  102. ^ "City of Denton, TX: History of Denton Public Library". City of Denton. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  103. ^ "Perry Signs UNT Law School Bill". Dallas Business Journal. June 22, 2009. Archived from the original on June 26, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  104. ^ "It's a 3-peat: UNT grows again, enrolls 42,372 to defy national trend". September 10, 2021.
  105. ^ "Commission on Colleges". Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Archived from the original on September 18, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  106. ^ "TWU – Brief History of TWU". Texas Woman's University. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  107. ^ "Patricia Holden-Huchton named dean of TWU's College of Nursing". Texas Woman's University. Archived from the original on July 23, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2009.
  108. ^ "Texas Board of Nursing" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 17, 2021. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
  109. ^ "NCTC - The Exchange". www.nctc.edu. Archived from the original on April 29, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  110. ^ "Belo Acquires Denton Publishing Company" (Press release). PRNewswire. June 17, 1999. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
  111. ^ "DTV – Schedule". City of Denton. Archived from the original on December 19, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  112. ^ "About News Department". NorthTexasTelevision.com. ntTV. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  113. ^ "KNTU". KNTU. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
  114. ^ "About Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Denton". Texas Health. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
  115. ^ "Best of Denton: Business at their best". Denton Record-Chronicle. April 29, 2009. Archived from the original on March 26, 2010. Retrieved October 14, 2009.
  116. ^ "HB 40". Texas Legislature Online.
  117. ^ Malewitz, Jim (May 18, 2015). "Abbott Signs "Denton Fracking Bill"". Texas Tribune.
  118. ^ Graeber, Daniel J. (May 20, 2015). "Texas city will still enforce fracking regulations". UPI.
  119. ^ Brown, Lowell. "Senator: New airport terminal to help city grow". Denton Record-Chronicle. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2009.
  120. ^ "Denton Connect | DCTA". www.dcta.net. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
  121. ^ "GoZone On-Demand | DCTA". www.dcta.net. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
  122. ^ Peterson, Matt (June 20, 2011). "A-train Railway Begins Rolling, Carrying Commuters from Denton to Carrollton". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on July 1, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
  123. ^ /humans.txt. "News & Events | Denton County Transportation Authority". www.dcta.net. Retrieved October 16, 2017.[permanent dead link]
  124. ^ "Resources - Transportation | Division of Student Affairs". studentaffairs.unt.edu. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
  125. ^ "SPAN, Inc". Special Programs for Aging Needs. Archived from the original on September 19, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2009.

Bibliography

edit

Further reading

edit
  • Dr. C. A. Bridges (1978). History of Denton, Texas From Its Beginning to 1960. Texian Press.
  • Odom, E.D. (1996). An Illustrated History of Denton County, Texas: From Peters Colony to Metroplex. E.D. Odom. ISBN 978-0-9651324-0-4.
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Denton, Texas.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Denton,_Texas&oldid=1247765350"