The Shepherd on the Rock

"The Shepherd on the Rock" (German: Der Hirt auf dem Felsen), D. 965, is a Lied for soprano, clarinet, and piano by Franz Schubert. It was composed in 1828 during the final months of his life.

Lyrics

Of the seven verses, the first four and the last came from the poetry of Wilhelm Müller, while verses five and six were attributed to Helmina von Chézy^[1] but were written by Karl August Varnhagen von Ense.^[2]^[3]

Background

The Lied, Schubert's penultimate composition, was written as a belated response to a request from the operatic soprano Anna Milder-Hauptmann, a friend of Schubert. She had requested a show-piece that would allow her to express a wide range of feelings, and he wrote it as thanks for her attempts to stage one of his operas in Berlin.^[1] She received a copy of the score from Schubert's brother Ferdinand in September 1829,^[4] and the work was published a year and a half after Schubert's death. Milder sang it for the first time at the House of the Blackheads in Riga on 10 February 1830.^[5]

Structure

The Lied has three sections, with clarinet and voice equally challenged. The first, in B-flat major, is warm, as the lonely shepherd on the mountaintop listens to echoes rising from below. The second section grows dark as he expresses grief and loneliness; it starts in G minor, then modulates through A-flat major and A minor to G major. The short last section, returning to B-flat major, anticipates the coming of spring and, with it, rebirth.

Complete text

"Der Hirt auf dem Felsen"

Montserrat Alavedra (soprano), William McColl (ca. 1820 clarinet), Joseph Levine (fortepiano)

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Wilhelm Müller – "Der Berghirt" (The Mountain Shepherd)
Wenn auf dem höchsten Fels ich steh', In's tiefe Tal hernieder seh', Und singe. Fern aus dem tiefen dunkeln Tal Schwingt sich empor der Widerhall Der Klüfte. Je weiter meine Stimme dringt, Je heller sie mir wieder klingt Von unten. Mein Liebchen wohnt so weit von mir, Drum sehn' ich mich so heiß nach ihr Hinüber.^[6]	When, from the highest rock up here, I look deep down into the valley, And sing, Far from the valley dark and deep Echoes rush through, upward and back to me, The chasm. The farther that my voice resounds, So much the brighter it echoes From under. My sweetheart dwells so far from me, I long hotly to be with her Over there.
Varnhagen – "Nächtlicher Schall" (Nightly Sound)
In tiefem Gram verzehr ich mich, Mir ist die Freude hin, Auf Erden mir die Hoffnung wich, Ich hier so einsam bin. So sehnend klang im Wald das Lied, So sehnend klang es durch die Nacht, Die Herzen es zum Himmel zieht Mit wunderbarer Macht.^[3]	I am consumed in misery, Happiness is far from me, Hope has on earth eluded me, I am so lonesome here. So longingly did sound the song, So longingly through wood and night, Towards heaven it draws all hearts With amazing strength.
Wilhelm Müller – "Liebesgedanken" (Love Thoughts)
Der Frühling will kommen, Der Frühling, meine Freud', Nun mach' ich mich fertig Zum Wandern bereit.^[7]	The Springtime will come, The Springtime, my happiness, Now must I make ready To wander forth.

References

^ ^a ^b Schwarm, Betsy (September 9, 2013). "Der Hirt auf dem Felsen". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
^ T. G. Waidelich: "Der letzte Hauch im Lied entflieht, im Lied das Herz entweicht! – Varnhagens 'Nächtlicher Schall' als letzter Baustein zum 'Hirt auf dem Felsen'." In: Schubert: Perspektiven 8 (2010), p. 237–243.
^ ^a ^b Varnhagen von Ense, Karl August (1816). Vermischte Gedichte (in German). Frankfurt: Barrentrapp. p. 15. Verses 2 and 1 used by Schubert.
^ Keller, James M. (November 2018). "Notes on the Program" (PDF). nyphil.org. New York Philharmonic. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
^ "Anna Milder-Hauptmann and 'Der Hirt auf dem Felsen' ". In: Schubert 200, Edited by Ilija Dürhammer, Edition Braus, Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 9783894661939 pp. 165–167.
^ Müller, Wilhelm (1824). Sieben und siebzig Gedichte aus den hinterlassenen Papieren eines reisenden Waldhornisten. Lieder des Lebens und der Liebe, vol. 2 (in German). Dessau: Ackermann. pp. 111–112.
^ Müller 1824, p. 122, verse 2

External links

"Der Hirt auf dem Felsen": Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
First part of the German lyrics, with translations, lieder.net
Third part of the German lyrics, with translations, lieder.net
Complete text, with English translation, beverlysillsonline.com
Review of recording by Helen Donath, Dieter Klöcker, Klaus Donath; Arts Archives 43054-2 (1981)
Performance of "Der Hirt auf dem Felsen" on modern instruments by Hyunah Yu (soprano), Alexander Fiterstein (clarinet), and Gilbert Kalish (piano), from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in MP3 format

[Schwarm-1] Schwarm, Betsy (September 9, 2013). "Der Hirt auf dem Felsen". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

[2] T. G. Waidelich: "Der letzte Hauch im Lied entflieht, im Lied das Herz entweicht! – Varnhagens 'Nächtlicher Schall' als letzter Baustein zum 'Hirt auf dem Felsen'." In: Schubert: Perspektiven 8 (2010), p. 237–243.

[Varnhagen-3] Varnhagen von Ense, Karl August (1816). Vermischte Gedichte (in German). Frankfurt: Barrentrapp. p. 15. Verses 2 and 1 used by Schubert.

[4] Keller, James M. (November 2018). "Notes on the Program" (PDF). nyphil.org. New York Philharmonic. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

[5] "Anna Milder-Hauptmann and 'Der Hirt auf dem Felsen' ". In: Schubert 200, Edited by Ilija Dürhammer, Edition Braus, Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 9783894661939 pp. 165–167.

[6] Müller, Wilhelm (1824). Sieben und siebzig Gedichte aus den hinterlassenen Papieren eines reisenden Waldhornisten. Lieder des Lebens und der Liebe, vol. 2 (in German). Dessau: Ackermann. pp. 111–112.

[7] Müller 1824, p. 122, verse 2

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