Phacelia campanularia is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae, known by the common names desertbells,[3] desert bluebells,[4] California-bluebell,[5] desert scorpionweed,[6] and desert Canterbury bells.[7] Its true native range is within the borders of California,[4][8][6] in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts, but it is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant and it can be found growing elsewhere as an introduced species.[3]
| Phacelia campanularia | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Boraginales |
| Family: | Boraginaceae |
| Genus: | Phacelia |
| Species: | P. campanularia
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| Binomial name | |
| Phacelia campanularia | |
| Varieties[2] | |
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Description
editThis annual herb has an erect stem reaching 0.7 metres (2.3 ft) in maximum height. It is covered in glandular hairs. The leaf blades are somewhat rounded with toothed edges. The inflorescence is a loose cyme of flowers. The flower has a bright blue corolla up to 4 centimeters long which can be bell-shaped, funnel-shaped, or round and flattened. It can have white spots in the throat. The protruding stamens and style can be 4.5 centimeters long. The fruit is a capsule up to 1.5 centimeters long.[9] It grows in dry, sandy places below 4,000 feet (1,200 m).[7]
Taxonomy
editTwo infraspecies are usually recognized, called subspecies[4] or varieties.[2]
- Phacelia campanularia var. campanularia – limited to the Sonoran Desert
- Phacelia campanularia var. vasiformis – more common, with a wider range, and sometimes with larger flowers
They can intergrade in some areas.[9]
Chemistry
editThe anthocyanin pigment phacelianin was isolated from the flowers of this species and is involved in the formation of their blue color. It is also responsible for the blue of the flowers of Evolvulus pilosus.[10]
The juice, sap, or hairs may cause irritation or a skin rash and should be washed from skin as soon as possible.[11]
Gallery
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Form -
Seedlings -
Flower -
ssp. vasiformis
References
edit- ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Phacelia campanularia A.Gray". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
- ^ a b NRCS. "Phacelia campanularia". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 31 January 2016.
- ^ a b c Phacelia campanularia. Calflora.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
- ^ a b "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org.
- ^ a b Phacelia campanularia. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. University of Texas at Austin.
- ^ "Phacelia campanularia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
- ^ a b Phacelia campanularia. The Jepson Manual.
- ^ Mori, M., et al. (2006). Structure of anthocyanin from the blue petals of Phacelia campanularia and its blue flower color development. Phytochemistry 67(6), 622-29.
- ^ "Toxic Plants (by common name)". Safe and Poisonous Garden Plants. University of California. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
External links
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