Solanum centrale

Australian desert raisin
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae
Genus:	Solanum
Species:	S. centrale
Binomial name
	Solanum centrale; J.M.Black

Solanum centrale, the kutjera, or Australian desert raisin, is a plant native to the more arid parts of Australia. Like other "bush tomatoes", it has been used as a food source by Central Australia and Aboriginal groups for millennia.

Solanum centrale was first described by J.M. Black in 1934.^[1]

Like many plants of the genus Solanum, desert raisin is a small bush and has a thorny aspect. It is a fast-growing shrub that fruits prolifically the year after fire or good rains. It can also grow back after being dormant as root stock for years after drought years. The vitamin C-rich fruit are 1–3 cm in diameter and yellow in color when fully ripe. They dry on the bush and look like raisins. These fruits have a strong, pungent taste of tamarillo and caramel that makes them popular for use in sauces and condiments. They can be obtained either whole or ground, with the ground product (sold as "kutjera powder") easily added to bread mixes, salads, sauces, cheese dishes, chutneys, stews or mixed into butter.

Martu people would skewer bush tomatoes and dry them so the food was readily transportable.

Unripe fruit and sharp spines
Dried fruit on the plant

Some other names

Language	Name
Alyawarr	Akatjurra
Arrernte	Merne akatyerre
English	Bush raisin, bush tomato, bush sultana
Pitjantjatjara	Kampurarpa
Walmajarri	Warrangkarli^[2]

Cultivation

Traditionally, the dried fruit are collected from the small bushes in late autumn and early winter. In the wild, they fruit for only two months. These days they are grown commercially by Aboriginal communities in the deserts of central Australia. Using irrigation, they have extended the fruiting season to eight months. The fruit are grown by Amata and Mimili communities in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara lands, by the Dinahline community near Ceduna, by the Nepabunna community in the northern Flinders Ranges, and on the Tangglun Piltengi Yunti farm in Murray Bridge, and are marketed by Outback Pride.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ "Solanum centrale J.M.Black". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
^ Doonday B, Samuels C, Clancy M, Milner J, Chungulla R, Whisputt M, Yoomarie S, Lulu V, Johns A, Brown S, Vernes T (2013). Walmajarri Plants & Animals: Aboriginal Biocultural Knowledge from the Paruku Indigenous Protected Area, Southern Kimberely, Australia. Northern Territory botanical bulletin. Vol. 42. Palmerston, N.T.: Department of Land Resource Management. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-74350-025-5. OCLC 881616340.

External Links

"Solanum centrale J.M.Black — Desert Raisin". Atlas of Living Australia.

[1] "Solanum centrale J.M.Black". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.

[walma-2] Doonday B, Samuels C, Clancy M, Milner J, Chungulla R, Whisputt M, Yoomarie S, Lulu V, Johns A, Brown S, Vernes T (2013). Walmajarri Plants & Animals: Aboriginal Biocultural Knowledge from the Paruku Indigenous Protected Area, Southern Kimberely, Australia. Northern Territory botanical bulletin. Vol. 42. Palmerston, N.T.: Department of Land Resource Management. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-74350-025-5. OCLC 881616340.

[1]

[2]