Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis, also known as digitate keratoses, disseminated spiked hyperkeratosis, familial disseminated piliform hyperkeratosis, and minute aggregate keratosis is a rare cutaneous condition, with about half of cases being familial, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, while the other half are sporadic.[1]
| Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Signs and symptoms
editMultiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis is mostly a nonfollicular digitate keratosis that affects the limbs and trunk. There is no impact on the face or palmoplantar surfaces. The lesions consist of skin-colored, yellow, brown, or white spicules that range in length from 0.5 to 5.0 mm and diameter from 0.3 to 3.0 mm. Occasionally, flat-topped, dome-shaped, or crateriform papules are also present.[2]
Causes
editMultiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis may be sporadic or familial.[2]
Diagnosis
editHistopathology reveals a stratum granulosum with varying thickness and localized orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis originating from a tented epidermis. Rarely, there have also been reports of superficial cutaneous lymphoplasmocytic infiltrates, parakeratosis, and epidermal invagination. A recurring characteristic that unites all of the cases that have been documented is the absence of follicular involvement.[3]
Reduced keratohyaline granules with varying numbers of Odland bodies are seen under electron microscopy.[3]
Treatment
editWhile improvements with various topical keratolytics and topical and oral retinoids have been reported, treatment is frequently ineffective or only temporary.[2]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Odom, Richard B.; Davidsohn, Israel; James, William D.; Henry, John Bernard; Berger, Timothy G.; Clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods; Dirk M. Elston (2006). Andrews' diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 637. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ a b c Caccetta, Tony Philip; Dessauvagie, Ben; McCallum, Dugald; Kumarasinghe, Sujith Prasad (2012). "Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis: A proposed algorithm for the digitate keratoses". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 67 (1). Elsevier BV: e49–e55. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.07.023. ISSN 0190-9622. PMID 21050621.
- ^ a b Coutinho, Inês; Gameiro, Ana Rita; Gouveia, Miguel Pinto; Cardoso, José Carlos; Figueiredo, Américo (2015). "Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis - a peculiar entity". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 90 (3 suppl 1). FapUNIFESP (SciELO): 153–155. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153440. ISSN 0365-0596.
Further reading
edit- Pimentel, CL; Puig, L; García‐Muret, MP; Fernandez‐Figueras, MT; Alomar, A (2002). "Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 16 (4). Wiley: 422–424. doi:10.1046/j.1468-3083.2002.00570_9.x. ISSN 0926-9959.
- Rubegni, P.; De Aloe, G.; Pianigiani, E.; Cherubini-Di Simplicio, F.; Fimiani, M. (2001). "Two sporadic cases of idiopathic multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 26 (1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 53–55. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2230.2001.00762.x. ISSN 0307-6938.