Dolores Hidalgo (Spanish: [doˈloɾes iˈðalɣo] ; in full, Dolores Hidalgo Cuna de la Independencia Nacional, English: Dolores Hidalgo Birthplace of [Mexican] National Independence) is the name of a city and the surrounding municipality in the north-central part of the Mexican state of Guanajuato.
Dolores Hidalgo | |
|---|---|
City and Municipality | |
 | |
 Seal | |
  Dolores Hidalgo | |
| Coordinates: 21°9′5.7″N 100°56′12.8″W / 21.151583°N 100.936889°W | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State | Guanajuato |
| Established | September 16, 1810 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Municipality President | Adrian Hernández Alejandri |
| Area | |
| • City | 13.26 km2 (5.12 sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 1,656 km2 (639 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| • City | 67,101 |
| • Density | 5,100/km2 (13,000/sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 163,038 |
| • Municipality density | 98/km2 (250/sq mi) |
| Time zone | Zona Centro |
| Postal Code | 37800–37849 |
| Area code | 02-8082722 |
It is located at 21°10′N 100°56′W / 21.17°N 100.93°W, at an elevation of about 1,980 meters (6,500 feet) above sea level. In the census of 2005 the city had a population of 54,843, while the municipality had 134,641 inhabitants. The city lies directly in the center of the municipality, which is 1,656 km2 (639 sq mi) in area and includes numerous small outlying communities, the largest of which is Río Laja with a population of 2,211 (2005 census).[1]
Dolores Hidalgo was named a Pueblo Mágico (Magic Town) in 2002
History
edit
The city was a small town known simply as Dolores when Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla uttered his famous cry for the independence of Mexico (the Grito de Dolores) there in the early hours of September 16, 1810, in front of Nuestra Señora de los Dolores parish church. After Mexico achieved independence, the town was renamed Dolores Hidalgo in his honor.
Today Dolores Hidalgo is known primarily for its ceramics industry, started by Father Hidalgo, which provides income to well over half the city's population. The inexpensive and mass-produced output of the town is marketed throughout Latin America and the United States. The central square of the town, in front of Fr Hidalgo's historic church, is a popular tourist spot.
A place of pilgrimage in Dolores Hidalgo for many fans of ranchera and popular music is the tomb of José Alfredo Jiménez, one of the country's most beloved singers and songwriters, as well as one of the most prolific popular songwriters in the history of western music. He is buried in the town cemetery.
Footballer Adolfo "El Bofo" Bautista and USA Olympian Leonel Manzano were born here.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Dolores Hidalgo (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–2022) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.5 (92.3) |
37.5 (99.5) |
40.8 (105.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
40.5 (104.9) |
39.5 (103.1) |
38.5 (101.3) |
37.5 (99.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
36.5 (97.7) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
40.8 (105.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.7 (76.5) |
27.2 (81.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
30.2 (86.4) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.0 (78.8) |
24.9 (76.8) |
28.3 (82.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
16.3 (61.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) |
5.4 (41.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
12.1 (53.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
12.6 (54.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
4.2 (39.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.0 (19.4) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
3.5 (38.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
7.0 (44.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 12.4 (0.49) |
14.9 (0.59) |
10.3 (0.41) |
8.7 (0.34) |
31.6 (1.24) |
70.4 (2.77) |
97.6 (3.84) |
84.8 (3.34) |
92.0 (3.62) |
31.9 (1.26) |
9.9 (0.39) |
4.4 (0.17) |
468.9 (18.46) |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[2][3] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
edit- Adolfo "El Bofo" Bautista, footballer
- José Alfredo Jiménez, Mexican singer
- Leonel Manzano, USA Olympian
- Esperanza Zambrano (1901–1992), poet
References
edit- ^ a b Citypopulation.de Population of Dolores Hidalgo Cuna de la Independencia National municipality with localities
- ^ "NORMAL CLIMATOLÓGICA 1991-2020" (TXT) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico National. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
- ^ "VALORES EXTREMOS" (TXT) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico National. Archived from the original on September 30, 2024. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
- Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
- Guanajuato Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México
External links
edit
- (in Spanish)−Dolores Hidalgo Cuna de la Independencia Nacional — Official website.
- San Luis De La Paz, Guanajuato Nearby colonial town.
- Dolores Hidalgo eGuide to Dolores Hidalgo
- Bibliography and Hemerography: Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla.
- Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla - Documents of 1810 and 1811.
- Chronology of Miguel Hidalgo and Costilla.
- Points of interest on the map for Dolores Hidalgo