Alliance School Kermanshah was a Jewish school in the western Iranian city of Kermanshah, founded by the Alliance Israélite Universelle.[1][2] It provided education up to 18 years old and had two annexes; one for girls and one for boys.[3]
The Alliance Israélite Universelle was founded in Paris in 1860.[4] In April 1898, the first Alliance school opened in Tehran.[4] Several years later, in 1904, an Alliance school was founded in Kermanshah as well.[1] It provided modern education to the Jewish citizens of Kermanshah.[1] In 1977, the school had 314 students of which 171 were Jews.[4]
The principals of the school were Monsieur Saki in 1905, then Kohan in 1908 and after him it was Monsieur Franco, who stayed for ten years. [5]
Elyahou Raḥamim Pirnazar (1898–1988) enrolled into the school in 1904. He became "one of the early licensed Iranian Jewish attorneys practicing in Iran".[1]
In Reza Shah's era (1878 – 1944), Alliance schools became non-governmental and went under the control of Iran's Ministry of Education. These Schools changed name from Alliance to Etehad.[6][7] When 1979 Iranian revolution occurred, Alliance schools (Etehad) could not continue any more.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d Pirnazar 2017, pp. 329–330.
- ^ Cohen 1986, p. 15.
- ^ Cohen 1986, pp. 19, 22.
- ^ a b c Netzer 1985, pp. 893–895.
- ^ Alliance School and the Jewish community of Kermanshah
- ^ "Iran Chamber Society: Education in Iran: The Past and Future of Jewish Private Schools in Iran (A Brief Survey)". www.iranchamber.com.
- ^ Jews in front of “Alliance” school, Teheran, Iran, 1950s. The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot (photo). Retrieved 8 May 2019.
Description: Jews in front of "Alliance" school in Teheran, during the holidays season the school served as a synagogue, Teheran, Iran, 1950s (Beth Hatefutsoth Photo Archive, courtesy of Lilian Lazarov) – Photo Unit Number: 141768
- ^ "Madreseh Etehad". sarechal.com.
Books and journals
edit- Cohen, Avraham (1986). "Iranian Jewry and the Educational Endeavors of the Alliance Israélite Universelle". Jewish Social Studies. 48 (1). Indiana University Press: 15–44. JSTOR 4467316.
- Netzer, A. (1985). "ALLIANCE ISRAÉLITE UNIVERSELLE". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 8. pp. 893–895.
- Pirnazar, Nahid (2017). "KERMANSHAH viii. THE JEWISH COMMUNITY". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XVI, Fasc. 3. pp. 329–330.