Brenda Lee Banks (July 19, 1948 – December 30, 2020) was an American animator, who was one of the first African American women to work as a professional animator.[1]
History
editEarly life and education
editBanks was born in Los Angeles on July 19, 1948. She graduated from Fremont High School in 1967 and then went on to attend the California Institute of the Arts. She continued her education up through 1977 even while being involved in concurrent animation work projects.[1]
Career
editThe earliest known works that Banks was involved in include those starring Clerow Wilson in the early 1970s and the 1973 animated television special B.C.: The First Thanksgiving.[2]
According to Ralph Bakshi, Banks arrived at his studio in 1973 asking for a job, despite telling him that she had no background in animation.[1] She was given some small work in the 1974 feature Coonskin.[1] After proving herself, Bakshi then assigned her to work on several of the background "goon" characters in the film Wizards whose animation quality was not high priority for the film as compared to the main characters. Her work was a complete success and Bakshi described her as the "star of the goons at the studio". From there, she went on to work on a number of Bakshi's subsequent features, including The Lord of the Rings in 1978 and Fire and Ice in 1983. After the latter film, Banks left the studio to instead begin work at Warner Brothers on their Looney Tunes television specials. She went on to work at other studios, including Hanna-Barbera for The Pirates of Dark Water and several episodes and games for Fox's Simpsons property. From 1997 to 2005, she was a dedicated layout animator for the King of the Hill television show, before disappearing from the animating field altogether.[3]
Accolades and awards
editBanks was given a WIA Diversity Award in 2018 by the Women in Animation non-profit due to her decades of work in the field of animation.[4][5]
Personal life
editFrequently described by her colleagues as a private and shy person who did not offer much information about herself or her background, animator Lee Crowe remembered that she had no interest or desire to be remembered as one of the first black women in animation. The only personal detail recalled about her, as stated by Nancy Beiman, is that Banks had a physical disability in the form of requiring leg braces before surgery.[1]
Filmography
edit- 1972 Clerow Wilson and the Miracle of P.S. 14 (TV Movie) (animator)[6]
- 1973 B.C.: The First Thanksgiving (TV Special short) (assistant animator)[7]
- 1974 Clerow Wilson's Great Escape (TV Movie) (animator - as Brenda Lee Banks)[1]
- 1974 ABC Afterschool Specials (TV Series) (animator - 1 episode)[6]
- 1974 Coonskin (animator - uncredited)[1]
- 1975 The Hoober-Bloob Highway (TV Movie) (animator)[8]
- 1977 Wizards (animator)[9]
- 1978 The Lord of the Rings (key animator)[10]
- 1980 Pontoffel Pock and His Magic Piano (TV Movie) (animator)[11]
- 1980 Heathcliff (TV Series) (animator - 1980)[4]
- 1981 American Pop (animator)[12]
- 1982 Hey Good Lookin' (animator)[10]
- 1983 Fire and Ice (animator)[10]
- 1983 Daffy Duck's Movie: Fantastic Island (animator: bridging sequences)[10]
- 1984–1985 The Smurfs (TV Series) (animator - 50 episodes)[4]
- 1985 The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo (TV Mini-Series) (animator - 13 episodes)[2]
- 1985–1986 Paw Paws (TV Series) (animator - 18 episodes)[2]
- 1988 The Night of the Living Duck (Short) (animator - as Brenda L. Banks)[13]
- 1988 Daffy Duck's Quackbusters (animator)[10]
- 1988 Bugs vs. Daffy: Battle of the Music Video Stars (TV Special short) (animator)[14]
- 1989 This Is America, Charlie Brown (TV Mini-Series) (animator - 1 episode)[6]
- 1989 Bugs Bunny's Wild World of Sports (TV Movie) (animator)[15]
- 1990 Jetsons: The Movie (animator)[4]
- 1990 Tiny Toon Adventures (TV Series short) (animator - 1 episode)[6]
- 1990 Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone (TV Series) (animator - 13 episodes)[16]
- 1990 Gravedale High (TV Series) (animator - 13 episodes)[2]
- 1990 Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventures (TV Series) (animator - 13 episodes)[2]
- 1991 The Pirates of Dark Water (TV Series) (animator - 2 episodes)[17]
- 1990–1991 The Adventures of Don Coyote and Sancho Panda (TV Series short) (animator - 26 episodes)[2]
- 1993 Once Upon a Forest (animator)[2]
- 1990–1993 Tom & Jerry Kids (TV Series) (animator - 2 episodes)[2]
- 1994 The Pagemaster (additional character animator)[2]
- 1997 The Simpsons: Virtual Springfield (Video Game) (animator) / (traditional animator)[18]
- 1998 The Simpsons (TV Series) (character layout artist - 2 episodes)[4]
- 1997–2006 King of the Hill (TV Series) (character layout artist - 28 episodes, 1997–2003) (animation layout artist - 12 episodes, 2002–2006) (layout artist - 2 episodes, 2003–2005)[4]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Hurler, Jen (February 24, 2021). "Brenda Banks, One Of The First Black Women Animators In America, Dies At 72". Cartoon Brew. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Milligan, Mercedes (February 23, 2021). "Pioneering, 'Immensely Private' Animator Brenda Banks Has Died". Animation Magazine. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ Korkis, Jim (January 16, 2015). "Animation Anecdotes #195: Who Was Brenda Banks". Cartoon Research. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f Flores, Terry (October 25, 2018). "Women in Animation Honors NFB's Michael Fukushima, Animated Short 'Music & Clowns' With Diversity Awards". Variety. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ Wolfe, Jennifer (October 25, 2018). "Women in Animation Announces WIA Diversity Award Honorees at Spark ANIMATION 2018". Animation World Network. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Crowther, Linnea (February 25, 2021). "Brenda Banks (2020), pioneering animator who worked on 'Wizards,' 'King of the Hill'". Legacy.com. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
- ^ "Cartoon Characters, Cast and Crew for B. C.: The First Thanksgiving (1972)". The Big Cartoon Database. Dave Koch. 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2021.[dead link]
- ^ "Dr. Seuss' The Hoober-Bloob Highway". Paley Center For Media. 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ Quinlan, Thomas (June 1, 2004). "Wizards: Ralph Bakshi". Exclaim!. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Beck, Jerry (October 28, 2005). The Animated Movie Guide. Chicago Review Press. ISBN 9781569762226.
- ^ "Dr. Seuss' Pontoffel Pock, Where Are You?". Paley Center For Media. 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ Canby, Vincent (February 13, 1981). "'American Pop' Grown-Up Animation". The New York Times. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ Hallenbeck, Bruce G. (August 11, 2009). Comedy-Horror Films: A Chronological History, 1914-2008. McFarland & Company. p. 234. ISBN 9780786453788.
- ^ "Cartoon Characters, Cast and Crew for Bugs Vs. Daffy: Battle Of The Music Video Stars (1988)". The Big Cartoon Database. Dave Koch. 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2021.[dead link]
- ^ "Bugs Bunny's Wild World of Sports (1989) Animated Cartoon Special". The Big Cartoon Database. Dave Koch. 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2021.[dead link]
- ^ "Night of the Bedbugs (1990) Season 1, Episode 1". The Big Cartoon Database. Dave Koch. 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2021.[dead link]
- ^ Tupper, Carrie (June 4, 2014). "A History of Women in Animation: Mothers of a Medium". The Mary Sue. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ "The Simpsons: Virtual Springfield Credits". Metacritic. 2021. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
External links
edit- Brenda Banks at IMDb
