The Hegedüs government led Hungary for eighteen months, spanning from April 18, 1955 to October 24, 1956. It officially operated as the Council of Ministers of the Hungarian People's Republic and was helmed by András Hegedüs, who served as the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
Hegedüs cabinet | |
|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} 51st Cabinet of Hungary | |
 Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Hungarian People's Republic András Hegedüs | |
| Date formed | 18 April 1955 |
| Date dissolved | 24 October 1956 |
| People and organisations | |
| Chairman of the Presidential Council | István Dobi |
| First Secretary of the Hungarian Working People's Party | Mátyás Rákosi (April 18th, 1955 - July 18, 1956) Ernő Gerő (from July 18, 1956) |
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers | András Hegedüs |
| Deputy Chairmen of the Council of Ministers | Ernő GerőIstván HidasAntal AproFerenc ErdeiGyörgy MarosanJoseph Mekis |
| No. of ministers | 28 |
| Member party | Hungarian Working People's Party (as part of Patriotic People's Front) |
| Status in legislature | Total control 298 / 298 (100%) |
| History | |
| Election | 1953 |
| Predecessor | I. Nagy I |
| Successor | I. Nagy II |
Background
editIn the aftermath of World War II, the country embarked on the construction of a socialist foundation based on the Stalinist model.[1] The challenges of rebuilding the economy and industrializing in the face of limited resources were compounded by internal disputes within the ruling Hungarian Working People's Party, particularly regarding political and economic strategies.
Matyas Rakosi, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Working People's Party, pursued orthodox Stalinist policies, emulating those implemented in the USSR. By the end of 1949, extensive nationalization had taken place, bringing key sectors under state control.[2] The accelerated collectivization of agriculture commenced, with 1,500 production cooperatives established by the middle of the year.[3] Rakosi, faced with international tensions and the outbreak of the Korean War, believed in expediting the establishment of socialism, even resorting to reprisals.[4]
A counterposition emerged, led by Imre Nagy, a former Minister of Agriculture (Hungary) known for overseeing agrarian reform. Nagy criticized Rakosi's approach, advocating for socialist reform.[4] The death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 weakened Rakosi's position, as new Soviet leaders favored moderate reforms and a departure from Stalinism. In July 1956, Imre Nagy replaced Rakosi as the head of the government, steering away from forced industrialization and promoting democratization.[5]
However, Nagy's tenure faced opposition, leading to his condemnation by the Central Committee in March 1955. Despite this, Nagy retained support, especially among intellectuals, youth, and certain press organs.[5] Unable to reinstate himself or appoint loyal comrades to key positions, Rakosi supported the candidacy of András Hegedüs, a 33-year-old ally, as the head of the Council of Ministers.
Hegedüs, aligned with Rakosi's policies, collaborated with the Rákosi group in sidelining Nagy's supporters and implemented a Five-Year Plan. The government signed the Warsaw Pact on May 14, 1955. During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Hegedüs initially supported Ernő Gerő, but later, as the situation evolved, left his post along with most of his cabinet members.
Composition
editLiterature
edit- T. M. Islamov, A. I. s, V. P. Shusharin. (1991). Brief history of Hungary. From ancient times to the present day (PDF). M.: Nauka. p. 608. ISBN 5-02-009913-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - S. Y. Lavrenov, I. M. Popov. (2003). Soviet Union in local wars and conflicts. M.: LLC "ACT Publishing House". p. 778. ISBN 5-271-05709-7.
References
edit- ^ Islamov, Pushkash & Shusharin 1991, p. 464.
- ^ Islamov, Pushkash & Shusharin 1991, p. 457.
- ^ Islamov, Pushkash & Shusharin 1991, p. 459-460.
- ^ a b Islamov, Pushkash & Shusharin 1991, p. 465.
- ^ a b Islamov, Pushkash & Shusharin 1991, p. 468.
- ^ "Hidas István". www.rev.hu. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
- ^ The position was established on August 26, 1955.
- ^ "1944_ngy_a_t172". 2015-02-06. Archived from the original on 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
- ^ a b c d Position created on July 30, 1956.
- ^ "Magyar Életrajzi Lexikon". mek.niif.hu. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
Sources
edit- József Bölöny : Governments of Hungary 1848–2004. The period between 1987 and 2004 was processed and published by László Hubai. 5th expanded and improved edition. Budapest: Academic Publishing House. 2004. ISBN 963-05-8106-X
- Islamov, Т. М.; Pushkash, А. I.; Shusharin, V. P. (1991). Краткая история Венгрии. С древнейших времен до наших дней [A Brief History of Hungary. From ancient times to the present day] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: Nauka. ISBN 5-02-009913-9.