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Justin B. Ries

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Justin Baker Ries is an American marine scientist, best known for his contributions to ocean acidification, carbon sequestration, and biomineralization research.

Justin Baker Ries
Ries in 2023
Born
Baltimore, Maryland
NationalityAmerican
Alma materFranklin and Marshall College Johns Hopkins University
Known forOcean acidification, biomineralization, and carbon sequestration research
AwardsPhi Beta Kappa, Sigma Xi, Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg Fellowship (Germany), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Ocean and Climate Change Postdoctoral Fellowship
Scientific career
FieldsOcean acidification, carbon sequestration, global warming, biomineralization, paleoceanography
InstitutionsNortheastern University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, California Institute of Technology, Johns Hopkins University
ThesisExperiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater Mg/Ca (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization (2005)
Websiterieslab.sites.northeastern.edu

Biography

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Ries was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and attended the Friends School of Baltimore. He received a B.A. from Franklin and Marshall College and a Ph.D. from the Johns Hopkins University for a dissertation 'Experiments on the effect of secular variation in seawater Mg/Ca (calcite and aragonite seas) on calcareous biomineralization'. He received postdoctoral training at the Johns Hopkins University, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the California Institute of Technology. Ries was a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for five years before becoming a professor at Northeastern University in 2013. At Northeastern, he is affiliated with the Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, the Marine Science Center, and the Institute for Coastal Sustainability.

Major discoveries

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Ries is best known for his contributions to ocean acidification and biomineralization research. He and his colleagues made the publicized and controversial discovery that anthropogenic CO2-induced ocean acidification does not negatively impact all species of marine calcifying organisms, but can also have neutral and even positive effects on some species.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Ries also discovered that ocean acidification can alter the shell mineralogy,[10] shell structure,[11] predator-prey dynamics,[12][13][9][14] and calcifying fluid pH of marine organisms, and produced the first geochemical model of the calcifying fluid that could predict organisms' responses to future ocean acidification.[15][16] Ries and colleagues are also credited with discovering that the current rate of CO2-induced ocean acidification is the fastest in Earth history[17][18][19] and that many species of marine calcifiers today inhabit seawater that is already undersaturated with respect to their shell mineral.[20][21]

Inventions

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Ries holds carbon sequestration patents describing biologically and geologically inspired methods for removing and mineralizing CO2 from the flue-streams of fossil-fuel-fired power plants and transoceanic vessels, production of carbon-negative cement, and alleviating bottlenecks in the global carbon cycle.[22][23]

Honors

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Honors include induction into the Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi honor societies, receipt of the German Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg [de] Award[24][25] and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Ocean and Climate Change Postdoctoral Fellowship. Ries was elected into the National Academy of Inventors in 2024.

References

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  1. ^ Ries, Justin B.; Cohen, Anne L.; McCorkle, Daniel C. (2009-12-01). "Marine calcifiers exhibit mixed responses to CO2-induced ocean acidification". Geology. 37 (12): 1131–1134. Bibcode:2009Geo....37.1131R. doi:10.1130/G30210A.1. ISSN 0091-7613.
  2. ^ "Giant Lobsters From Rising Greenhouse Gases?". NPR.org. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  3. ^ "Ocean Acidification: A Risky Shell Game". Oceanus Magazine. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  4. ^ "Acidic Oceans May Be a Boon for Some Marine Dwellers". Science | AAAS. 2009-12-01. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  5. ^ Heffernan, Olive (2009-12-10). "Consider the lobster". Nature Reports Climate Change. 1 (1001): 2. doi:10.1038/climate.2010.130.
  6. ^ "In carbon dioxide-rich environment, some ocean dwellers increase shell production". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  7. ^ "Acidic Chesapeake Bay Water could threaten oysters". Fox News. 2014-02-07. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  8. ^ Kerr, Richard A. (2009). "The Many Dangers of Greenhouse Acid". Science. 323 (5913): 459. doi:10.1126/science.323.5913.459a. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19164726. S2CID 206584010.
  9. ^ a b Fears, Darryl. "Crabs, supersized by carbon pollution, may upset Chesapeake's balance". Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  10. ^ Ries, Justin B. (2011-07-15). "Skeletal mineralogy in a high-CO2 world". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 403 (1–2): 54–64. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2011.04.006. ISSN 0022-0981.
  11. ^ Horvath, Kimmaree M.; Castillo, Karl D.; Armstrong, Pualani; Westfield, Isaac T.; Courtney, Travis; Ries, Justin B. (2016). "Next-century ocean acidification and warming both reduce calcification rate, but only acidification alters skeletal morphology of reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 29613. Bibcode:2016NatSR...629613H. doi:10.1038/srep29613. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4965865. PMID 27470426.
  12. ^ Dodd, Luke F.; Grabowski, Jonathan H.; Piehler, Michael F.; Westfield, Isaac; Ries, Justin B. (2015). "Ocean acidification impairs crab foraging behaviour". Proc. R. Soc. B. 282 (1810): 20150333. doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.0333. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 4590471. PMID 26108629.
  13. ^ "Acidic Chesapeake Bay Water could threaten oysters". Fox News. 2014-02-07. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  14. ^ Brumbaugh, Jared. "Changing waters complicate NC's coastal ecology". Raleigh News and Observer. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  15. ^ Ries, Justin B. (2011-07-15). "A physicochemical framework for interpreting the biological calcification response to CO2-induced ocean acidification". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 75 (14): 4053–4064. Bibcode:2011GeCoA..75.4053R. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.04.025. ISSN 0016-7037.
  16. ^ Ries, Justin (2011). "Biodiversity and ecosystems: Acid ocean cover up". Nature Climate Change. 1 (6): 294–295. Bibcode:2011NatCC...1..294R. doi:10.1038/nclimate1204. ISSN 1758-6798.
  17. ^ Hönisch, Bärbel; Ridgwell, Andy; Schmidt, Daniela N.; Thomas, Ellen; Gibbs, Samantha J.; Sluijs, Appy; Zeebe, Richard; Kump, Lee; Ries, Justin B. (2012-03-02). "The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification" (PDF). Science. 335 (6072): 1058–1063. Bibcode:2012Sci...335.1058H. doi:10.1126/science.1208277. hdl:1983/24fe327a-c509-4b6a-aa9a-a22616c42d49. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 22383840. S2CID 6361097.
  18. ^ Walsh, Bryan. "Sea Changes: Ocean Acidification Is Worse Than It's Been for 300 Million Years". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  19. ^ Gillis, Justin (2 March 2012). "Pace of Ocean Acidification Has No Parallel in 300 Million Years, Paper Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  20. ^ Lebrato, M.; Andersson, A. J.; Ries, J. B.; Aronson, R. B.; Lamare, M. D.; Koeve, W.; Oschlies, A.; Iglesias-Rodriguez, M. D.; Thatje, S. (2016). "Benthic marine calcifiers coexist with CaCO3-undersaturated seawater worldwide". Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 30 (7): 2015GB005260. Bibcode:2016GBioC..30.1038L. doi:10.1002/2015GB005260. ISSN 1944-9224.
  21. ^ "New insights into the impacts of ocean acidification". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  22. ^ Constantz, B. R., Farsad, K., Camire, C., Patterson, J., Ginder-Vogel, M., Yaccato, K., Stagnaro, J., Devenney, M., Ries, J.B. (2012). "Methods and compositions using calcium carbonate" (PDF). US Patent No. 8,137,455: 103.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ "White Paper - Sustainably Amplifying the Natural Carbon Cycle". www.runningtide.com. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
  24. ^ "MSC faculty member receives prestigious German fellowship – Northeastern University College of Science". Northeastern University College of Science. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
  25. ^ contentuser. "New set-up at the MAREE: ZMT tests effects of ocean acidification and warming on corals". www.leibniz-zmt.de. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
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