Leachim was an early example of Diphone synthetic speech and demonstrated how voice branching could be done quickly via computer discs to create understandable speech (i.e. verbal output).[1][2] This method combined phonemes, words, and sentences to form verbal responsive messages when prompted by the computer. The device received attention on a world-wide basis because hundreds of articles were written about it.[3]
 Leachim with the 3rd grade students. | |
| Inventor | Michael J. Freeman |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Teaching |
History
editThe device was developed by Michael J. Freeman and installed in robot form in a New York City School in a Fourth grade class, as a teacher's assistant.[4][5] The computer had biographical information of those students whom it was programmed to teach in addition to curriculum data.[6][7][8] Leachim could teach a number of students simultaneously through the use of headsets.
Leachim remained active for three years from 1972 to 1975.
On June 12, 1975, Leachim was stolen while being trucked back to NY from a 1-hour appearance on the Phil Donahue Show and despite an FBI investigation and a reward from Lloyd's of London, it was not recovered.[9]
After it was stolen, Leachim built another more advanced version.[citation needed]
Hardware
editThe computer part of the robot was built from RCA Spectra 70 series of computers.[6] Leachim could simultaneously interact with multiple students and keep track of their progress individually.[10][11] Its body was made of wood and there were internal mechanics so parts such as the arms and head could move.
2-XL
editLater a toy inspired version of Leachim called "2-XL Robot" was introduced. The toy was mass-produced in many countries by Mego Corporation in the 1980s and later by Tiger Electronics in the 1990s.[12]
References
edit- ^ "1960 - Rudy the Robot - Michael Freeman (American)". cyberneticzoo.com. 2010-09-13. Retrieved 2019-06-21.
- ^ The Futurist. World Future Society. 1978. pp. 152, 357, 359, 360, 361.
- ^ "World of 2-XL: Leachim". www.2xlrobot.com. Retrieved 2019-06-21.
- ^ Maccarone, Grace; Krulik, Nancy E.; Epstein, Jolie (1985-04-01). Real Robots. Scholastic Paperbacks (T). p. 27. ISBN 9780590402668.
- ^ Krasnoff, Barbara (1982). Robots, reel to real. Arco Pub. p. 118. ISBN 9780668051392.
- ^ a b New York Magazine. New York Media, LLC. 1979-07-30.
- ^ "16.4.2 - Robots and Robotics". www.xenology.info. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
- ^ Gibson, Janice T.; Gibson-Cline, Janice (1980). Psychology for the classroom. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 9780137333523.
- ^ "Lloyd's Is Offering $7,500 for Return Of Purloined Robot". The New York Times. 1975-07-17. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
- ^ Reichardt, Jasia (1978). Robots: fact, fiction, and prediction. Viking Press. p. 109. ISBN 9780670601561.
- ^ The P.T.A. Magazine: National Parent Teacher. Child Welfare Company. 1972.
- ^ "Remembering the First Smart Toy: 2-XL". mentalfloss.com. 2016-10-13. Retrieved 2019-06-01.