List of Jewish states and dynasties
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This is a list of dynasties and states that have historically had ties to either ethnic Jews or their religion of Judaism.
States by region
editSouthern Levant
edit- Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), c. 1047–930 BCE[1][page needed]
- Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), c. 930–720 BCE[2][dead link]
- Kingdom of Judah, c. 930–587/586 BCE[3][page needed]
- Hasmonean dynasty, c. 140–37 BCE[4]
- Herodian dynasty, 47 BCE – 100 CE
- Judean provisional government, 66–68 CE
- Bar Kokhba Jewish state, 132–135 CE
- State of Israel, 1948 CE–present[5]
Wider Middle East
edit- Himyarite Kingdom, Yemen, 390 CE – 525 CE[6]
- Nehardea, Mesopotamia, 18–33 CE (ruled by Anilai and Asinai of the Parthian Empire)
- Adiabene, Mesopotamia, c. 30–115 CE[7]
- Mahoza Kingdom, Mesopotamia, 495–502 CE (established by Mar-Zutra II)
Africa
edit- Kingdom of Simien, Ethiopia[8] legendary but Gudit was thought to have reigned 960–1000 CE following the collapse of the Kingdom of Aksum before the rise of the Zagwe dynasty in 1137 CE[9]
Europe
edit- Khazar Kingdom, c. 750–950 CE (semi-nomadic Turkic state in the Caucasus whose ruling royal elite seems to have converted to Judaism, although the extent to which it was adopted by commoners is highly debated)[10][11][12]
Proposed
edit- Medieval French Jewish vassal state, 768–900 CE (purportedly established during the Reconquista)
- Brutakhi, early 13th century Turkic polity whose Jewishness is debatable; possibly either a Khazar remnant state or Jewish splinter state from the Cuman-Kipchak Confederation
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Vaux, Roland De (March 25, 1997). Ancient Israel: Its Life and Instructions. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802842787 – via Google Books.
- ^ "The Biblical Northern Kingdom Of Israel (Samaria)". WorldAtlas.
- ^ Pioske, Daniel (February 11, 2015). David's Jerusalem: Between Memory and History. Routledge. ISBN 9781317548911 – via Google Books.
- ^ Spiro, Rabbi Ken. "History Crash Course #29: Revolt of the Maccabees". aishcom.
- ^ "State of Israel proclaimed". HISTORY.
- ^ David, Ariel (November 29, 2017). "Before Islam: When Saudi Arabia Was a Jewish Kingdom". Haaretz.
- ^ Marciak, Michał (2014). Izates, Helena, and Monobazos of Adiabene: A Study on Literary Traditions and History. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 9783447101080.
- ^ Steven Kaplan, The Beta Israel (Falasha) in Ethiopia, p. 94
- ^ Henze, Paul B. (2000). Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia. Hurst & Company. ISBN 978-1-85065-393-6.
- ^ Simon Schama, The Story of the Jews: Finding the Words, 1000 BC-1492 AD, p. 266
- ^ "Khazars". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Encyclopaedia Judaica. 2007.
- ^ Brook, Kevin Alan (2018). "The Khazars' Conversion to Judaism". The Jews of Khazaria (Third ed.). Lanham. ISBN 978-1-5381-0342-5. OCLC 1006532607.
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