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Mass graves of Jammu and Kashmir

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Mass graves of Jammu and Kashmir are mass grave sites in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) that were created as a result of extra-judicial killings during the Insurgency in Kashmir.[1] An ad-hoc inquiry led by human rights lawyer, Parvez Imroz, has found more than 6,000 unmarked and mass graves.[2]

In July 2008, the European Parliament adopted a resolution which asked the Indian government to undertake independent investigation into all mass graves.[3][4]

In 2009, International People’s Tribunal on Human Rights and Justice, a human rights group, released a report saying that 2,700 ‘unknown, unmarked, and mass graves,’ containing at least 2,900 bodies, in 55 villages in North Kashmir's three districts — Bandipora, Baramulla, and Kupwara — were probed. The group demanded an independent investigation into the unmarked mass graves in J&K and an immediate halt of such crimes.[5][6][7]

In 2011, a Jammu and Kashmir State Human Rights Commission report titled Enquiry Report of Unmarked Graves in North Kashmir said that it found bullet-riddled remains of 2,730 people in dozens of unmarked mass graves after a three-year inquiry.[8][9] Many of those were civilians with 574 being identified as local residents. According to the report, these unidentified dead bodies buried in various unmarked graves at thirty-eight places of north Kashmir’s Baramulla, Bandipora, Handwara, and Kupwara districts, "may contain the dead bodies of enforced disappearances".[10] The Human Rights Watch (HRW) demanded Indian authorities to "immediately open an independent, transparent, and credible investigation into the unmarked graves discovered" in J&K. Meenakshi Ganguly, South Asia director at HRW said that "these graves suggest the possibility of mass murder".[11][12] Following the report, Amnesty International also asked the Government of India to "initiate thorough investigations into unmarked graves".[13][14] The Asian Human Rights Commission in a statement said that the potential of an inquiry "to expose atrocities committed by the state’s armed forces cannot be a reason to not investigate".[15]

In 2017, J&K's human rights commission asked the government in Kashmir to investigate the discovery of at least 2,080 unmarked mass graves. Khurram Parvez of the Association of Parents of Disappeared Persons (APDP), a human rights group in Kashmir, demanded "an independent commission to do a credible probe on the mass graves".[16] The NGO estimates the number of enforced disappearances in Kashmir's insurgency at around 8,000 men and boys.[17]

References

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  1. ^ "Kashmir graves to be investigated". BBC News. 12 October 2011.
  2. ^ "The mass graves of Kashmir". The Guardian. 9 July 2012.
  3. ^ Piotr, Balcerowicz; Agnieszka, Kuszewska (26 May 2022). Human Rights Violations in Kashmir. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000513950.
  4. ^ "European Parliament resolution of 10 July 2008 on allegations of mass graves in Indian-administered Kashmir". www.europarl.europa.eu. 10 July 2008.
  5. ^ Chatterji, Angana P. (2009). Buried Evidence: Unknown, Unmarked, and Mass Graves in Indian-administered Kashmir: A Preliminary Report, International People's Tribunal on Human Rights and Justice in Indian-administered Kashmir. International People's Tribunal on Human Rights and Justice in Indian-administered Kashmir. ISBN 9780615326481. SSRN 3240987.
  6. ^ "Mass graves found in North Kashmir containing 2,900 unmarked bodies". The Hindu. 3 December 2009.
  7. ^ "Kashmir: Thousands of Bodies Discovered in Unmarked Graves, Rights Group Says". The New York Times. 2 December 2009.
  8. ^ "Kashmir unmarked graves hold thousands of bodies". The Guardian. 21 August 2011.
  9. ^ "Indian Government Confirms Mass Graves in Kashmir". VOA. 20 August 2011. India's Jammu and Kashmir State Human Rights Commission released a report Sunday saying a three-year investigation has uncovered 2,156 unidentified bodies in 38 sites in the region.
  10. ^ "Mass Graves Hold Thousands, Kashmir Inquiry Finds". The New York Times. 22 August 2011.
  11. ^ "India: Investigate Unmarked Graves in Jammu and Kashmir". Human Rights Watch. 24 August 2011.
  12. ^ "Kashmir graves: Human Rights Watch calls for inquiry". BBC News. 25 August 2011.
  13. ^ "Thousands of unmarked graves discovered in Kashmir". Amnesty International. 23 August 2011.
  14. ^ "Amnesty Calls for Investigation into Mass Graves in Kashmir". VOA. 22 August 2011.
  15. ^ "INDIA: Action must follow the report discovering mass graves in north Kashmir". Asian Human Rights Commission. 25 August 2011.
  16. ^ "India ordered to probe 2,080 mass graves in Kashmir". Al Jazeera. 3 November 2017.
  17. ^ Peer, Basharat (22 September 2011). "What Lies Beneath". Foreign Policy.
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