Draft:Persecution of Christians in Late Ottoman Era
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Between 1894 and 1923, Ottoman Empire and Committee of Union and Progress was responsible for massacre of Christians. Especially after the Balkan Wars, Ottoman government was radicalized and genocided Greeks, Armenians, and Assyrians.[1]
Those Massacres started with the Hamidian Massacres in 1894, while ended in 1922 with Burning of Smyrna lastly.
1894-1908
editHamidian Massacres
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The Hamidian Massacres were massacre of Armenians and Assyrians in the Ottoman Empire between 1894-1896 During the reign of Abdul Hamid II.[3] For a response to the died Muslims in the Sasun rebellion,[4] Ottoman Hamidiye calavaries and Kurdish irregulars targeted Armenians and Assyrians. It is estimated that from 100,000[5] to 300,000[6] civilian massacred while 50,000[7] childern got orphaned.
The telegraphs spread news of the massacres around the world, leading to a significant amount of coverage of them in the media of Western Europe, Russian Empire and North America.[8]
Macedonia
editIlinden uprising
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In 1903, Bulgarians, Macedonians and Serbs revolted Against the Ottoman Empire.
References
edit- ^ Shirinian, George N. (2017). Genocide in the Ottoman Empire: Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, 1913–1923. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-78533-433-7.
- ^ "The Graphic". December 7, 1895. p. 35. Retrieved 2018-02-05 – via The British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Hamidian massacres : Armenian Genocide, Ottoman Empire". Britannica. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
- ^ Kurdoghlian, Mihran (1996). Hayots Badmoutioun, Volume III (in Armenian). Athens, Greece: Hradaragoutioun Azkayin Ousoumnagan Khorhourti. pp. 42–44.
- ^ Dictionary of Genocide, By Paul R. Bartrop, Samuel Totten, 2007, p. 23
- ^ Akçam, Taner (2006) A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility p. 42, Metropolitan Books, New York ISBN 978-0-8050-7932-6
- ^ "Fifty Thousand Orphans made So by the Turkish Massacres of Armenians", The New York Times, December 18, 1896,
The number of Armenian children under twelve years of age made orphans by the massacres of 1895 is estimated by the missionaries at 50.000
. - ^ Deringil, Selim; Adjemian, Boris; Nichanian, Mikaël (2018). "Mass Violence in the Late Ottoman Empire: A Discussion: An Interview with Selim Deringil". Études arméniennes contemporaines (11): 95–104. doi:10.4000/eac.1803.