Tetra-n-butylammonium iodide (TBAI) is a quaternary ammonium salt with an iodide counterion. It is used for synthesizing tetra-n-butylammonium triiodide by mixing with iodine.
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| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
N,N,N-Tributylbutan-1-aminium iodide | |
| Other names
TBAI
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.656 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C16H36IN | |
| Molar mass | 369.3716 g/mol |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Melting point | 147 °C (297 °F; 420 K) |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Harmful |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Tetrabutylammonium bromide, Tetrabutylammonium chloride, Tetrabutylammonium fluoride, Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Properties
editThe solid crystal of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide is in the monoclinic crystal system. It has space group C2/c. The unit cell has dimensions a=14.2806 b=14.1864 c=19.5951 β=111.149. There are eight formulae in the unit cell (Z=8), which has volume 3702.4 Å3.[1]
The enthalpy of formation ΔfH0 of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide is −499 kJ/mol, which is lower than that for the bromide or chloride (−540, −564 kJ/mol).[2]
At lower temperatures with water tetra-n-butylammonium iodide forms a clathrate hydrate.[2] The tetra-n-butylammonium cation is large and hydrophobic. The absolute enthalpy of hydration (from gas phase) is −260 kJ/mol.[2]
The He(I) photoelectron spectrum of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide contains a peak at 11 eV due to the tetra-n-butylammonium cation, and at 7 and 8 eV due to iodide.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Prukała, Wiesław; Marciniec, Bogdan; Kubicki, Maciej (28 February 2007). "Tetra-n-butylammonium iodide: a space-group revision". Acta Crystallographica Section E. 63 (3): o1464–o1466. Bibcode:2007AcCrE..63O1464P. doi:10.1107/S1600536807008446.
- ^ a b c Nagano, Yatsuhisa; Mizuno, Hideki; Sakiyama, Minoru; Fujiwara, Tadayuki; Kondo, Yasuhiko (March 1991). "Hydration enthalpy of tetra-n-butylammonium ion". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 95 (6): 2536–2540. doi:10.1021/j100159a079.
- ^ Ballard, R.E.; Jones, Jimmy; Sutherland, Elizabeth (December 1984). "He(I) photoelectron spectrum of tetra-N-butylammonium iodide and bromide in solution. The effects of surface activity". Chemical Physics Letters. 112 (4): 310–312. Bibcode:1984CPL...112..310B. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(84)85747-4.