Draft:Timeline of the 2019 Pacific typhoon season

Timeline of the
2019 Pacific typhoon season
A map of all tropical cyclones during the 2019 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Season boundaries
First system formedDecember 31, 2018
Last system dissipatedDecember 29, 2019
Strongest system
NameHalong
Maximum winds215 km/h (130 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
Lowest pressure905 hPa (mbar)
Longest lasting system
NameWutip
Duration11.75 days
Storm articles
Other years
2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

The 2019 Pacific typhoon season consisted of the events that occurred in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation over the western North Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea.[1] There were no official bounds, as tropical cyclones form all year round, though most storms in the basin typically form between July and November.[2] The first tropical cyclone of the season, Tropical Storm Pabuk, developed in late December 2018; the final, Typhoon Phanfone, dissipated on December 29, 2019.

A total of 49 tropical depressions formed during the season; 29 of these developed into named tropical storms, of which 20 became severe tropical storms and 17 became typhoons. Additionally, five typhoons became super typhoons—an unofficial rank given by the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) to storms with 1-minute maximum sustained wind speed of 240 km/h (150 mph).[3] Activity in the 2019 season was greater than normal,[nb 1] primarily due to high sea surface temperatures. El Niño conditions persisted from autumn 2018 to spring 2019.[1] In February, Typhoon Wutip became the strongest recorded typhoon to occur during the month.[4] The conditions became neutral during the summer, as strong activity occurred in the monsoon trough over Southeast Asia in August, promoting tropical cyclogenesis. In November, activity in the basin was driven by high sea surface temperatures along with an active phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation and equatorial waves.[1]

On account of several very destructive tropical cyclones, the season was the costliest ever recorded.[5] The most destructive system was Typhoon Hagibis, which wrought damage to Japan that amounted to ¥1.88 trillion (US$17.3 billion) and killed 118 people,[6][7] becoming the costliest typhoon when unadjusted for inflation until Typhoon Doksuri in 2023. In August, Typhoon Lekima struck China and produced CN¥65.37 billion (US$9.26 billion) in damages, becoming the second-costliest typhoon in Chinese history at the time.[5] During the next month, Typhoon Lingling impacted the Korean Peninsula and killed eight people, and Typhoon Faxai made landfall over Japan, becoming the costliest system of the season before Hagibis. Typhoon Bualoi exacerbated the effects of Hagibis, producing floods that caused damages of US$200 million and killed 13, despite not reaching land.[8][9] The last two named storms, typhoons Kammuri and Phanfone, each made landfalls over the Philippines in December, causing 11.027 billion (US$212.910 million) of damages and 74 deaths combined.[10][11]

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the Western Pacific Basin. As such, it is responsible for assigning names to all tropical cyclones that reach 10-minute maximum sustained winds of at least 65 kilometers per hour (40 miles per hour) in the region.[1] The PAGASA assigns names to tropical cyclones that form or enter their area of responsibility as a tropical depression or stronger, regardless if the cyclone has been assigned a name by the JMA.[10] The JTWC also monitors systems in the Western Pacific Basin, assigning systems a number with a "W" suffix if the system is a tropical depression or stronger. This timeline includes information from post-storm reviews by the JMA and the JTWC, as well as naming from the PAGASA. It documents tropical cyclone formations, strengthening, weakening, landfalls, extratropical transition, and dissipations during the season. Reports among warning centers often differ; therefore, information from both agencies has been included.

Timeline of events

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Typhoon PhanfoneTyphoon KammuriTyphoon Nakri (2019)Cyclone Matmo–BulbulTyphoon Bualoi (2019)Typhoon HagibisTyphoon Mitag (2019)Typhoon Tapah (2019)Typhoon FaxaiTyphoon Lingling (2019)Typhoon LekimaTyphoon Francisco (2019)Tropical Storm Wipha (2019)Tropical Storm Danas (2019)Typhoon Wutip (2019)Tropical Storm Pabuk (2019)

January

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January 1

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January 3

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January 4

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Satellite image of Pabuk at its peak intensity and approaching Thailand on January 4

January 19

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January 20

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January 21

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January 22

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February

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February 18

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Storm path of Typhoon Wutip

February 19

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February 20

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February 21

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February 22

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February 23

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Infrared satellite animation of Typhoon Wutip undergoing an eyewall replacement cycle

February 24

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February 25

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Satellite image of Typhoon Wutip at its secondary peak intensity west of Guam on February 25

February 26

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February 27

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February 28

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March

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March 2

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March 14

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Storm path of Tropical Depression 03W

March 15

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March 17

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March 18

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March 19

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April

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  • No tropical cyclones formed in April.

May 7

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Satellite image of a tropical depression on May 7

May 8

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May 10

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May 13

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May 15

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June

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June 29

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June 30

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July

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July 1

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July 14

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July 16

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July 19

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July 30

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July 31

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August

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August 31

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September

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September 1

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October

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October 31

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November

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November 1

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November 29

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November 30

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December

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December 1

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December 19

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December 29

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Notes

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  1. ^ Based on the climatological average of 25.6 storms from 1981 to 2010.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl Annual Report on the Activities of the RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center 2019 (PDF) (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. 2020. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  2. ^ Dorst, Neal. "Frequently Asked Questions: When is hurricane season?". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division. Archived from the original on January 1, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2024.
  3. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: United States Navy. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  4. ^ Cappucci, Matthew (February 25, 2019). "The strongest February typhoon on record packs 180 mph gusts, sideswiping Guam". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 17, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
  5. ^ a b Guan, Shoude; Zhao, Wei; Sun, Liang; Zhou, Chun; Liu, Ze; Hong, Xin; Zhang, Yihan; Tian, Jiwei; Hou, Yijun (January 26, 2021). "Tropical cyclone-induced sea surface cooling over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in the 2019 Pacific typhoon season". Journal of Marine Systems. doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2021.103509.
  6. ^ "国土交通省|報道資料|令和元年東日本台風の発生した令和元年の水害被害額が統計開始以来最大に令和元年の水害被害額(確報値)を公表". 国土交通省 (in Japanese). Retrieved November 13, 2022.
  7. ^ "Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 201919 (HAGIBIS) - Disaster Information". Digital Typhoon Disaster Database. National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved August 27, 2024.
  8. ^ "令和元年台風21号(2019年10月25日) | 災害カレンダー" [Typhoon No. 21 of 2019 (2019)]. Yahoo! Japan 天気・災害 (in Japanese). Archived from the original on November 19, 2022. Retrieved November 19, 2022.
  9. ^ Weather, Climate & Catastrophe Insight: 2019 Annual Report (PDF) (Report). AON Benfield. January 22, 2020. p. 58. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 22, 2020. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az DOST-PAGASA Annual Report on Philippine Tropical Cyclones 2019 (PDF) (Report). Quezon City, Philippines: Government of the Republic of the Philippines Department of Science and Technology: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration. September 2021. ISSN 2799-0575. Retrieved November 26, 2023.
  11. ^ Tarabay, Jamie (December 3, 2019). "Typhoon Kammuri Kills at Least 17 as It Powers Through Philippines". The New York Times. Retrieved August 26, 2024.
  12. ^ Chu, J. H.; Levine, A.; Daida, S.; Schiber, D.; Fukada, E.; Sampson, C. R. 2018 Western North Pacific Ocean Best Track Data (Report). Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv Chu, J. H.; Levine, A.; Daida, S.; Schiber, D.; Fukada, E.; Sampson, C. R. 2019 Western North Pacific Ocean Best Track Data (Report). Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
  14. ^ a b c Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks January 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
  15. ^ a b Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks March 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
  16. ^ a b c d e Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks April 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
  17. ^ a b c d e Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks May 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks June 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
  19. ^ a b c d e Member Report China - ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee the 14th Integrated Workshop (PDF) (Report). Guam, United States: ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. November 4–7, 2019. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  20. ^ a b Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks July 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 14, 2024.
  21. ^ "South Korea: Tropical Depression Francisco moves into the East Sea August 7 /update 1". Crisis24. August 7, 2019. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  22. ^ a b c d e f Young, Steve. "Montly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks August 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  23. ^ Warning and Summary 011800 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 1, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2024 – via Iowa Environmental Mesonet.
  24. ^ Warning and Summary 021800 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. September 2, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2024 – via Iowa Environmental Mesonet.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks September 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  26. ^ Warning and Summary 220000 (Report). Tokyo, Japan: Japan Meteorological Agency. October 22, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2024 – via Iowa Environmental Mesonet.
  27. ^ a b c d e f Young, Steve. "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Tracks November 2019". Australian Severe Weather. Retrieved August 19, 2024.
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